Suhaila Abuowaida^1,*, Hamza Abu Owida², Deema Mohammed Alsekait^3,*, Nawaf Alshdaifat⁴, Diaa Salama AbdElminaam^5,6, Mohammad Alshinwan⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 3303-3333, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063470 - 16 April 2025

Abstract Segmenting a breast ultrasound image is still challenging due to the presence of speckle noise, dependency on the operator, and the variation of image quality. This paper presents the UltraSegNet architecture that addresses these challenges through three key technical innovations: This work adds three things: (1) a changed ResNet-50 backbone with sequential 3 convolutions to keep fine anatomical details that are needed for finding lesion boundaries; (2) a computationally efficient regional attention mechanism that works on high-resolution features without using a transformer’s extra memory; and (3) an adaptive feature fusion strategy that changes local and… More >

Xuejing Li^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 1667-1681, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.062161 - 16 April 2025

Abstract Few-shot point cloud 3D object detection (FS3D) aims to identify and locate objects of novel classes within point clouds using knowledge acquired from annotated base classes and a minimal number of samples from the novel classes. Due to imbalanced training data, existing FS3D methods based on fully supervised learning can lead to overfitting toward base classes, which impairs the network’s ability to generalize knowledge learned from base classes to novel classes and also prevents the network from extracting distinctive foreground and background representations for novel class objects. To address these issues, this thesis proposes a… More >

Junzhe Zhang¹, Lei Tang^1,*, Xin Zhou²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 2643-2658, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061690 - 16 April 2025

Abstract Fisheye cameras offer a significantly larger field of view compared to conventional cameras, making them valuable tools in the field of computer vision. However, their unique optical characteristics often lead to image distortions, which pose challenges for object detection tasks. To address this issue, we propose Yolo-CaSKA (Yolo with Contrastive Learning and Selective Kernel Attention), a novel training method that enhances object detection on fisheye camera images. The standard image and the corresponding distorted fisheye image pairs are used as positive samples, and the rest of the image pairs are used as negative samples, which More >

Yuxin Yan, Huirui Wang, Jingyi Wen, Zerong Lan, Liang Wang^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 3059-3073, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.057949 - 16 April 2025

Abstract The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies creates a great chance for the iteration of railway monitoring. This paper proposes a comprehensive method for railway utility pole detection. The framework of this paper on railway systems consists of two parts: point cloud preprocessing and railway utility pole detection. This method overcomes the challenges of dynamic environment adaptability, reliance on lighting conditions, sensitivity to weather and environmental conditions, and visual occlusion issues present in 2D images and videos, which utilize mobile LiDAR (Laser Radar) acquisition devices to obtain point cloud data. Due to factors such as… More >

Magdy Nagy^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.1, pp. 185-223, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.061865 - 11 April 2025

Abstract In this present work, we propose the expected Bayesian and hierarchical Bayesian approaches to estimate the shape parameter and hazard rate under a generalized progressive hybrid censoring scheme for the Kumaraswamy distribution. These estimates have been obtained using gamma priors based on various loss functions such as squared error, entropy, weighted balance, and minimum expected loss functions. An investigation is carried out using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the suggested estimators. The simulation provides a quantitative assessment of the estimates accuracy and efficiency under various conditions by comparing them in terms of More >

Mary Joy Fruelda¹, Shandra Lairene Fampulme¹, Faith Fontamillas¹, Jemelene Lilang¹, Allan Fruelda III¹, Isagani Madla¹, Crisnel Love Factor¹, Kio Alyson Rogero¹, Raymond Jay Severo¹, Jerome Gacu^1,2,3,*

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 187-207, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.063247 - 09 April 2025

Abstract Road condition assessment involves evaluating the physical state of roadways to determine necessary maintenance and rehabilitation, while traffic assessment focuses on analyzing vehicle flow patterns to improve traffic management. This study employs Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess and evaluate road conditions and traffic dynamics in the rural municipality of Odiongan, Romblon, Philippines. GIS mapping enabled a spatially detailed classification of road conditions, identifying areas categorized as excellent, good, fair, or poor, and highlighted sections requiring maintenance or rehabilitation. These assessments are crucial for enhancing the transportation framework amid escalating developmental and demographic demands. Concurrently,… More >

Chen Lin^1,*, Zidan Zhang¹, Zhao Zhang¹, Yuxiang Long¹, Xuwen Shen¹, Jinghao Zhang¹, Youping Wang^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.3, pp. 583-601, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063086 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) represent a large and diverse enzyme family ubiquitously distributed across the plant kingdom. These proteins catalyze the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with electrophilic substrates in response to various stress conditions. Beyond their role in stress adaptation, certain GSTs are integral regulators of plant growth and development, contributing to a range of physiological processes. Most GST proteins exhibit dual enzymatic activities, functioning as both transferases and peroxidases, which enables their involvement in diverse cellular processes, including detoxification and stress responses. Recent advancements, particularly in X-ray crystallography, have enabled detailed structural analysis of GST More >

Weiliang Qi^1,2,3,4,*, Wancang Sun⁵, Li Ma⁵, Xiaolong Li¹, Haiqing Liu¹, Cairong Yang⁶, Ziyao Wei¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.3, pp. 739-762, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.060712 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Brassica napus L. (B. napus), recognized as a significant cash and oil crop, faces challenges in popularization and application in northern China due to its limited cold resistance. Clarifying the mechanism of cold stress on gene regulation and signal transduction in B. napus is crucial. To address these issues, we conducted transcriptome sequencing and gene expression analysis, along with gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway profiling under natural (25°C) and cold (4°C) conditions in cold tolerant 16VHNTS309 and weak cold-resistant Tianyou 2238 B. napus seedlings. Enhanced genomic annotation was achieved through additional sequencing.… More >

Baxter L. M. Williams^1,*, Henri Croft¹, James Hunt¹, Josh Viloria¹, Nathan Sherman¹, James Oliver¹, Brody Green¹, Alexey Turchin², Juan B. García Martínez², Joshua M. Pearce^3,4, David Denkenberger^1,2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.4, pp. 1265-1285, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.063276 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Following global catastrophic infrastructure loss (GCIL), traditional electricity networks would be damaged and unavailable for energy supply, necessitating alternative solutions to sustain critical services. These alternative solutions would need to run without damaged infrastructure and would likely need to be located at the point of use, such as decentralized electricity generation from wood gas. This study explores the feasibility of using modified light duty vehicles to self-sustain electricity generation by producing wood chips for wood gasification. A 2004 Ford Falcon Fairmont was modified to power a woodchipper and an electrical generator. The vehicle successfully produced… More >

Chang Wang^1,2,#, Zhi Zhang^1,#, Wei Sun¹, Quan Quan³, Wenshuang Hou³, Chenghao Jin^1,3,4,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 465-482, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062155 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Objectives: Epibrassinolide (EBR) is a steroid hormone with anti-tumor properties. Nevertheless, its potential to inhibit gastric cancer (GC) cells remains unknown. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of EBR on GC cells and to investigate the specific mechanism of EBR. Methods: A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was utilized to determine cell survival rates. The investigation of apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was performed using flow cytometry. To detect cell migration, a wound-healing assay was performed on AGS cells. Furthermore, western blotting assay was utilized to determine… More >