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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    The Mechanisms of Trichoderma Species to Reduce Drought and Salinity Stress in Plants

    Mohammad Reza Boorboori, Haiyang Zhang*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.8, pp. 2261-2281, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029486

    Abstract Environmental stresses caused by climate change have severely affected agriculture in the present century; Salinity and drought have challenged most forecasts for increased agricultural production in the past few decades, therefore, different methods that reduce the effect of these stresses on plants have attracted scientists’ attention. The effect of beneficial soil microorganisms on soil health and increasing plants’ resistance to stresses is one of the solutions that researchers have paid attention to. This study investigated how Trichoderma species can be affected by the molecular and morphophysiological mechanisms of plants and improve their salt and drought resistance. This study also studied… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genotypic Divergence, Photosynthetic Efficiency, Sodium Extrusion, and Osmoprotectant Regulation Conferred Salt Tolerance in Sorghum

    Ashaduzzaman Sagar1 , Md. Sabibul Haque1, Md. Alamgir Hossain1, Md. Nesar Uddin1, Jannat E. Tajkia1, Md. Ashik Mia1, Toufika Hossain Shabi2, Md. Solaiman Ali Fakir1, Md. Abdul Kader3,4,5, Walid Soufan6, Md. Atikur Rahman7, Muhammad Aamir Iqbal8, Mohammad Sohidul Islam9, Ayman El Sabagh10,*, A. K. M. Zakir Hossain1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.8, pp. 2349-2368, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.028974

    Abstract Salt stress is one of the major limitations to modern agriculture that negatively influences plant growth and productivity. Salt tolerant cultivar can provide excellent solution to enhance stress tolerance with plant fitness to unfavorable environments. Therefore, this study was aimed to screen salt tolerant sorghum genotypes through evaluating of different morphological, biochemical, and physiological attributes in response to salinity stress. In this study, we have been evaluated total six sorghum genotypes including Hybrid sorgo, Debgiri, BD-703, BD-706, BD-707, and BD-725 under salt stress (12 dS m−1 NaCl). The response variables included length and weight of root and shoot, root: shoot… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation of Electrical Parameters of Fresh Water and Produced Mixed Injection in High-Salinity Reservoirs

    Jun Li1, Guofeng Cheng2, Hongwei Xiao3, Xiang Li4, Lizhi Wang4, Hui Xu5,*, Yu Wang6, Nannan Liu5, Shangping Chen5, Xing Shi5

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.10, pp. 2695-2706, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.028115

    Abstract Assuming a reservoir with a typical salt-lake background in the Qaidam Basin as a testbed, in this study the variation law of the rock electrical parameters has been determined through water displacement experiments with different salinities. As made evident by the results, the saturation index increases with the degree of water injection. When the salinity of the injected water is lower than 80000 ppm, the resistivity of the rock sample first decreases, then it remains almost constant in an intermediate stage, and finally it grows, thereby giving rise to a ‘U’ profile behavior. As the salinity decreases, the water saturation… More > Graphic Abstract

    Investigation of Electrical Parameters of Fresh Water and Produced Mixed Injection in High-Salinity Reservoirs

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance in Carex morrowii Boott

    Aysegul Akpinar*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.7, pp. 2197-2210, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029006

    Abstract Carex species are widely used in many parts of the world and contain a large number of ecologically diverse species. Among the Carex species, some of them are known to be glycophytes, while others are halophytes. Carex morrowii Boott (Cyperaceae) is resistant to trample through their root structure and has an essential ornamental value in the landscape with their leaves. However, no information was found about the level of salinity tolerance/ sensitivity of the Carex morrowii among these species. In the present study, changes in trace element contents (Na, K, Ca, Cu, Mn, Mg, Ni, Fe, P, Zn, and N)… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Rice E3 Ligase-Like Protein OsPIAL1 Positively Regulated the Drought Stress Response but Negatively Regulated the Salt Stress Response

    Sang Ik Song*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.7, pp. 2017-2034, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027469

    Abstract Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligases that facilitate the conjugation of SUMO proteins to target substrates contain an SP-RING domain which is like the RING domain found in ubiquitin E3 ligases. In this study, we isolated and characterized the Oryza sativa protein inhibitor of activated STAT like1 (OsPIAL1) containing SP-RING domains, as the rice homolog of Arabidopsis PIALs. OsPIAL1 interacts with OsSUMO proteins but does not interact with rice SUMO-conjugating enzymes (OsSCEs). An analysis of transgenic rice plant shows that OsPIAL1 is involved in SUMO conjugation to SCEs but not in SUMO conjugation to substrates. In addition, this OsPIAL1 activity… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    ENHANCEMENT OF SOLAR POND EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH ADDITION OF PCM TO LOW CONVECTIVE ZONE

    N. Poyyamozhia,* , A. Karthikeyanb

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.18, pp. 1-6, 2022, DOI:10.5098/hmt.18.13

    Abstract This research focuses on the development of solar ponds for efficient storage of solar energy. The influence of phase change material in the solar storage capability of solar ponds has been studied in the present wok. A comparison in the temperature fluctuations of a typical solar pond is made with its counterpart provided with phase change material. Readings have been taken during the sunshine hours in a day, and extended to seventy-five days. The solar pond exhibited identical fluctuations in average temperature irrespective of the presence of phase change material. The results revealed that during the sunshine hours, i.e., 08:00… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Brachypodium distachyon calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase, BdCIPK26, enhances plant adaption to drought and high salinity stress

    QINGCHEN LUO1,#,*, JIALU FENG2,#, XIUQI DENG1

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.5, pp. 1145-1158, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.027847

    Abstract As sessile organisms, plants possess a complex system to cope with environmental changes. Ca2+ functions as a vital second messenger in the stress signaling of plants, and the CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) serve as essential elements in the plant Ca2+ signaling pathway. In this study, calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase 26 (BdCIPK26) from Brachypodium distachyon was characterized. Overexpression of BdCIPK26 enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stress of transgenic plants. Further investigations revealed that BdCIPK26 participated in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, conferred hypersensitivity to exogenous ABA in transgenic plants, and promoted endogenous ABA biosynthesis. Moreover, BdCIPK26 was found to maintain… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Response of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Zinc Sources under Saline Conditions

    Muhammad Jan1,*, Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq2, Talha Javed3, Sadam Hussain4,*, Ilyas Ahmad5, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah6, Javed Iqbal7, Babar Hussain Babar8, Aqsa Hafeez9, Muhammad Aslam5, Muhammad Tahir Akbar10, Marjan Aziz6, Khadiga Alharbi11, Izhar Ullah12

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1361-1375, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026620

    Abstract Abiotic stresses are among the major limiting factors for plant growth and crop productivity. Among these, salinity is one of the major risk factors for plant growth and development in arid to semi-arid regions. Cultivation of salt tolerant crop genotypes is one of the imperative approaches to meet the food demand for increasing population. The current experiment was carried out to access the performance of different rice genotypes under salinity stress and Zinc (Zn) sources. Four rice genotypes were grown in a pot experiment and were exposed to salinity stress (7 dS m−1), and Zn (15 mg kg−1 soil) was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Role of foliar spray of plant growth regulators in improving photosynthetic pigments and metabolites in Plantago ovata (Psyllium) under salt stress–A field appraisal

    ABDUL SAMAD1, KANVAL SHAUKAT1,*, MAHMOOD-UR-REHMAN ANSARI2, MEREEN NIZAR1, NOREEN ZAHRA3, AMBREEN NAZ4, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WALEED IQBAL5, ALI RAZA6, VLADAN PESIC7, IVICA DJALOVIC8

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 523-532, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.023704

    Abstract Salinity is one of the major abiotic factors that limit the growth and productivity of plants. Foliar application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) may help plants ameliorate the negative impacts of salinity. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at the Botanical Garden University of Balochistan, Quetta, to explore the potential role of PGRs, i.e., moringa leaf extract (MLE; 10%), proline (PRO; 1 µM), salicylic acid (SA; 250 µM), and thiourea (TU; 10 mM) in ameliorating the impacts of salinity (120 mM) on Plantago ovata, an important medicinal plant. Salinity hampered plant photosynthetic pigments and metabolites but elevated oxidative parameters. However,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Salt Stress Affects the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Altering the Antioxidant Machinery and Expression of Hormones and Stress-Specific Genes

    Shahid Hussain1, Rui Zhang1, Shuli Liu1, Yang Wang1, Irshad Ahmad2, Yinglong Chen1, Hongyan Hou3, Qigen Dai1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.3, pp. 861-881, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025487

    Abstract

    Understanding physiological responses in saline agriculture may facilitate wheat breeding programs. Based on a screening test, the Ningmai-14 (NM-14) and Yangmai-23 (YM-23) wheat cultivars were selected for further experiments to understand the underlying salinity tolerance mechanism. This study investigated the effects of five salinity levels such as Control (CK) = 0 (without NaCl stress), S1 = 0.20%, S2 = 0.25%, S3 = 0.30% and S4 = 0.35% of NaCl concentrations of soil on wheat plants. The results showed that increased salinity concentration reduced the growth and yield of wheat cultivars (NM-14 and YM-23). However, YM-23 (12.7%) yielded more than NM-14… More >

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