Andrea Panunzio¹, Rossella Orlando¹, Federico Greco^2,3, Giovanni Mazzucato⁴, Floriana Luigina Rizzo¹, Serena Domenica D’Elia¹, Antonio Benito Porcaro⁵, Alessandro Antonelli⁵, Alessandro Tafuri^1,6,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 375-384, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066140 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: The Barthel Index (BI) measures the level of patient independence in activities of daily living. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the use of the BI in urology, highlighting its potential as a tool for assessing patients prior to surgery. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for studies evaluating the BI in patients undergoing urologic surgery, following Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The BI was investigated both as a descriptor of baseline or postoperative health status and a prognostic indicator. A qualitative… More >

Imran Ahmed^1,#, Misbah Ahmad^2,3,#, Gwanggil Jeon^4,5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 4237-4273, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.068319 - 23 October 2025

Abstract The rapid convergence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), driven by advancements in 5G/6G networks, cloud computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT), is reshaping modern digital ecosystems. As massive, distributed data streams are generated across edge devices and network layers, there is a growing need for intelligent, privacy-preserving AI solutions that can operate efficiently at the network edge. Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training without transferring sensitive data, addressing key challenges around privacy, bandwidth, and latency. Despite its benefits in enhancing efficiency, real-time analytics, and regulatory compliance, FL adoption faces… More >

Amber Hassan¹, Badr Hafiz², Taghreed Alsinani³, Rakan Bokhari⁴, Dahlia Mirdad⁵, Awab Tayyib⁵, Alaa Alkhotani⁶, Ahmad Fallata⁷, Iman Mirza⁸, Eyad Faizo^9,10, Saleh Baeesa², Huda Alghefari¹¹, Maher Kurdi^11,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3293-3325, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.070031 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most aggressive primary brain tumour in adults, marked by pronounced cellular heterogeneity, diffuse infiltration, and resistance to conventional treatment. In recent years, transcriptomic profiling has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern the progression of glioblastoma. This systematic review aims to synthesise the current literature on dysregulated gene expression in GBM, focusing on gene signatures associated with stemness, immune modulation, extracellular matrix remodelling, metabolic adaptation, and therapeutic resistance. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and the GlioVis… More >

Brian Mweu^1,*, John Ndia²

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.7, pp. 417-437, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2025.071765 - 10 October 2025

Abstract Static analysis methods are crucial in developing secure software, as they allow for the early identification of vulnerabilities before the software is executed. This systematic review follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines to assess static analysis techniques for software security enhancement. We systematically searched IEEE Xplore, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Digital Library, SpringerLink, and ScienceDirect for journal articles published between 2017 and 2025. The review examines hybrid analyses and machine learning integration to enhance vulnerability detection accuracy. Static analysis tools enable early fault detection but face persistent challenges. More >

Hui Yang¹, Yijie Li^2,*

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.27, No.9, pp. 1279-1300, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.068399 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Background: Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) represents a substantial affective barrier that undermines cognitive performance, motivation, and retention in language learners. Emerging evidence highlights mindfulness-based interventions as promising strategies for enhancing emotional regulation and reducing anxiety across educational contexts. This review synthesizes current research on mindfulness as a psychological intervention, aims to evaluate its efficacy in alleviating FLA, and discusses its broader implications for health-focused educational policy and practice. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed studies examining the relationships between mindfulness and FLA. Our search of four major databases (November 2023) initially identified 346 articles… More >

Alsoudi Dua¹, Tan Fong Ang¹, Chin Soon Ku^2,*, Okmi Mohammed^1,3, Yu Luo⁴, Jiahui Chen⁴, Uzair Aslam Bhatti⁵, Lip Yee Por^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 2579-2624, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.070413 - 23 September 2025

Abstract Blockchain interoperability enables seamless communication and asset transfer across isolated permissioned blockchain systems, but it introduces significant security and privacy vulnerabilities. This review aims to systematically assess the security and privacy landscape of interoperability protocols for permissioned blockchains, identifying key properties, attack vectors, and countermeasures. Using PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we analysed 56 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2025, retrieved from Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore. The review focused on interoperability protocols for permissioned blockchains with security and privacy analyses, including only English-language journal articles and conference proceedings. Risk of bias in… More >

Zhenhui Cai, Kaiqing Zhou^*, Zhouhua Liao

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 2255-2303, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067994 - 23 September 2025

Abstract The YOLO (You Only Look Once) series, a leading single-stage object detection framework, has gained significant prominence in medical-image analysis due to its real-time efficiency and robust performance. Recent iterations of YOLO have further enhanced its accuracy and reliability in critical clinical tasks such as tumor detection, lesion segmentation, and microscopic image analysis, thereby accelerating the development of clinical decision support systems. This paper systematically reviews advances in YOLO-based medical object detection from 2018 to 2024. It compares YOLO’s performance with other models (e.g., Faster R-CNN, RetinaNet) in medical contexts, summarizes standard evaluation metrics (e.g.,… More >

Cecilia Castro¹, Victor Leiva^2,*, Franco Basso^2,3

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.2, pp. 1481-1543, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.067992 - 31 August 2025

Abstract Metaverse technologies are increasingly promoted as game-changers in transport planning, connected-autonomous mobility, and immersive traveler services. However, the field lacks a systematic review of what has been achieved, where critical technical gaps remain, and where future deployments should be integrated. Using a transparent protocol-driven screening process, we reviewed 1589 records and retained 101 peer-reviewed journal and conference articles (2021–2025) that explicitly frame their contributions within a transport-oriented metaverse. Our review reveals a predominantly exploratory evidence base. Among the 101 studies reviewed, 17 (16.8%) apply fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making, 36 (35.6%) feature digital-twin visualizations or simulation-based testbeds,… More > Graphic Abstract

Imene Tatar Caliskan^1,2, George Dzorgbenya Ametefe³, Aziz Caliskan⁴, Su-Ee Lau^1,5, Yvonne Jing Mei Liew⁶, Nur Kusaira Khairul Ikram⁵, Boon Chin Tan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.8, pp. 2229-2254, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.067225 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors (TFs) are evolutionarily conserved regulatory proteins that are crucial for plant growth, development, secondary metabolism, and stress adaptation. Recent studies have highlighted their crucial role in coordinating growth–defense trade-offs through transcriptional regulation of key biosynthetic and stress-response genes. Despite extensive functional characterization in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, systematically evaluating the broader functional landscape of MYB TFs across diverse species and contexts remains necessary. This systematic review integrates results from 24 peer-reviewed studies sourced from Scopus and Web of Science, focusing on the functional diversity of MYB TFs, particularly in relation… More >

Jiao Li^1,2, Nurhayu Ab Rahman^1,3, Suharni Mohamad¹, Guang Yang⁴, Caixia Zhao^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.9, pp. 2263-2278, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065911 - 28 August 2025

Abstract Objectives: Checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in a number of malignancies. To determine the most effective course of treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), this systematic review evaluated the efficacy of several therapeutic approaches based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods: A comprehensive evaluation of the literature was conducted, looking at randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were published in Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials since database establishment. The risk of bias of the enrolled studies was analyzed using The Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4. Using network meta-analyses… More >