Seongsoo Cho¹, Yeonwoo Lee^2,*, Cheolhee Yoon^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3769-3793, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.066298 - 30 June 2025

Abstract As vehicular networks grow increasingly complex due to high node mobility and dynamic traffic conditions, efficient clustering mechanisms are vital to ensure stable and scalable communication. Recent studies have emphasized the need for adaptive clustering strategies to improve performance in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This paper presents the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm for Vehicular Network Clustering (GOA-VNET) algorithm, an innovative approach to optimal vehicular clustering in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), leveraging the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) to address the critical challenges of traffic congestion and communication inefficiencies in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The proposed GOA-VNET employs an… More >

Sahbi Boubaker^1,*, Sameer Al-Dahidi², Faisal S. Alsubaei³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3583-3614, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.063957 - 30 June 2025

Abstract The transportation and logistics sectors are major contributors to Greenhouse Gase (GHG) emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) from Light-Duty Vehicles (LDVs) is posing serious risks to air quality and public health. Understanding the extent of LDVs’ impact on climate change and human well-being is crucial for informed decision-making and effective mitigation strategies. This study investigates the predictability of CO₂ emissions from LDVs using a comprehensive dataset that includes vehicles from various manufacturers, their CO₂ emission levels, and key influencing factors. Specifically, six Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, ranging from simple linear models to complex non-linear models, were applied under… More >

Jiaqi Wang, Jian Su^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.1, pp. 125-152, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.064309 - 09 June 2025

Abstract The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), as a vital means to alleviate traffic congestion and reduce traffic accidents, demonstrates immense potential in improving traffic safety and efficiency through the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The enhancement of its performance largely depends on breakthrough advancements in object detection technology. However, current object detection technology still faces numerous challenges, such as accuracy, robustness, and data privacy issues. These challenges are particularly critical in the application of ITS and require in-depth analysis and exploration of future improvement directions. This study provides a comprehensive review of the development… More >

ASHUTOSH KUMAR MAURYA¹, ANJALI SANGEETH¹, RABINA PUNATHIL¹, R. GRACE RAJI¹, V.B. SAMEER KUMAR^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1301-1321, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.055945 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Carcinogenesis is a multilevel process characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations, thus contributing to uncontrolled proliferation that eventually leads to cancer. The process of carcinogenesis involves an intricate dis-orchestration in the expression of both, coding and non-coding sequences and is also dependent on the reprogramming of energy metabolism as both direct and indirect consequence of oncogenic mutations. Dysregulated mitochondrial energetics is an important hallmark of cancer, where cancer cells switch to the glycolytic pathway as an alternate source of energy to support the continuous energy supply needed for their indefinite growth. Even though functional mitochondria… More >

Qichang Li^1,2,*, Bing Bu¹, Junyi Zhao¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.3, pp. 4281-4313, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061525 - 19 May 2025

Abstract With the integration of informatization and intelligence into the Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) systems, the system is facing an increasing number of information security threats. As an important method of characterizing the system security status, the security situation assessment is used to analyze the system security situation. However, existing situation assessment methods fail to integrate the coupling relationship between the physical layer and the information layer of the CBTC systems, and cannot dynamically characterize the real-time security situation changes under cyber attacks. In this paper, a hierarchical security situation assessment approach is proposed to address… More >

Yuyao Li¹, Mingmin He¹, Mingjie Cai¹, Shiqian Xu^2,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.4, pp. 799-817, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.062862 - 06 May 2025

Abstract In ultra-deep and large well sections, high collapse stresses and diminished annular return velocity present significant challenges to wellbore cleaning. With increasing depth, rising temperature and pressure constrain the regulation of displacement and drilling fluid rheology, impairing the fluid’s capacity to transport cuttings effectively. A precise understanding of cuttings settlement behavior and terminal velocity is therefore essential for optimizing their removal. This study accounts for variations in wellbore temperature and pressure, incorporates non-spherical cuttings and wellbore diameter parameters, and develops accordingly a simplified model to predict terminal settlement velocity. The cuttings carrying ratio is introduced… More > Graphic Abstract

Shanshan Tang^1,2,*, Zhanbin Li^3,4, Xubin Zhu^1,2, Peng Li³, Zhaoyang Feng^1,2, Guoliang Yang^1,2, Huake Chang^1,2, Zefeng Che^1,2

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.4, pp. 819-831, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.057605 - 06 May 2025

Abstract The particle size distribution plays a crucial role in the transportation and deposition of eroded sediments. Gaining insights into the related sorting mechanism can significantly enhance our understanding of such processes. In this study, sand-covered slopes were examined. A controlled indoor rainfall simulation was conducted on loess slopes with a 12° incline and a rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm/min. These slopes were then covered with sand layers of varying thicknesses—0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 cm—to observe their effects. The findings have revealed that as the thickness of the sand cover increases, the content of sediment particles… More >

Perry Yang Tchie Hunn¹, Hadi Nabipour Afrouzi^2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.5, pp. 1789-1804, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060124 - 25 April 2025

Abstract With growing interest in its potential applications across both stationary and transportation sectors, hydrogen has emerged as a promising alternative for environmentally responsible power generation. By replacing traditional fuels, hydrogen can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector. This study focuses on the design and downsizing of a green hydrogen fuel cell car, aiming to scale the concept for larger vehicles. Key components, including fuel cells, electrolysers, and solar panels, were evaluated through extensive laboratory testing. The findings reveal that variations in sunlight impact the solar panel’s hydrogen production rate, with differences of… More > Graphic Abstract

Hamza Murad Khan¹, Anwar Khan^1,*, Santos Gracia Villar^2,3,4, Luis Alonso Dzul Lopez^2,5,6, Abdulaziz Almaleh⁷, Abdullah M. Al-Qahtani⁸

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 3369-3388, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.060474 - 16 April 2025

Abstract Traffic forecasting with high precision aids Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in formulating and optimizing traffic management strategies. The algorithms used for tuning the hyperparameters of the deep learning models often have accurate results at the expense of high computational complexity. To address this problem, this paper uses the Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) to tune the hyperparameters of the Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) deep learning framework. The Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) uses a probabilistic approach with an adaptive searching mechanism by classifying the objective function values into good and bad samples. This ensures fast convergence in… More >

He Zhang^1,2,*, He-Qing Mu^2,*, Xiao Zhang³, He Zhang², Yuedong Yang⁴

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 499-530, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.059070 - 03 April 2025

Abstract Safety evaluation of a bridge under Moving Abnormal Indivisible Loads (MAILs) directly relates to whether an oversized and/or overweight Large-Cargo Transportation (LCT) vehicle is permitted to pass the bridge. Safety evaluation can be updated by fusing bridge inspection data and load test data, but there are two fundamental difficulties in updating. The first difficulty is to develop an updating scheme to utilize the unstructured inspection data. The second difficulty is to develop a successive updating scheme using load test data based on the previous updating results of the inspection data. This paper proposed a framework,… More >