Raniyah Wazirali¹, Rami Ahmad^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 4922-4946, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020044 - 11 October 2021

Abstract Energy and security remain the main two challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Therefore, protecting these WSN networks from Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed DoS (DDoS) is one of the WSN networks security tasks. Traditional packet deep scan systems that rely on open field inspection in transport layer security packets and the open field encryption trend are making machine learning-based systems the only viable choice for these types of attacks. This paper contributes to the evaluation of the use machine learning algorithms in WSN nodes traffic and their effect on WSN network life time.… More >

Mahmood ul Hassan^1,*, Amin Al-Awady¹, Khalid Mahmood², Shahzad Ali³, Ibrahim Algamdi¹, Muhammad Kashif Saeed⁴, Safdar Zaman⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.3, pp. 3413-3427, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018544 - 24 August 2021

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are an integral part of the Internet of Things (IoT) and are widely used in a plethora of applications. Typically, sensor networks operate in harsh environments where human intervention is often restricted, which makes battery replacement for sensor nodes impractical. Node failure due to battery drainage or harsh environmental conditions poses serious challenges to the connectivity of the network. Without a connectivity restoration mechanism, node failures ultimately lead to a network partition, which affects the basic function of the sensor network. Therefore, the research community actively concentrates on addressing and solving… More >

Neelam Sharma^1,*, Harshita Chadha², Karan Singh³, B. M. Singh⁴, Nitish Pathak⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 2459-2473, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014305 - 21 July 2021

Abstract Wireless sensor networks are a collection of intelligent sensor devices that are connected to one another and have the capability to exchange information packets amongst themselves. In recent years, this field of research has become increasingly popular due to the host of useful applications it can potentially serve. A deep analysis of the concepts associated with this domain reveals that the two main problems that are to be tackled here are throughput enhancement and network security improvement. The present article takes on one of these two issues namely the throughput enhancement. For the purpose of More >

Ghufran Ahmed¹, Saiful Islam², Ihsan Ali³, Isra Adil Hayder⁴, Abdelmuttlib Ibrahim Abdalla Ahmed³, Muhammad Talha⁵, Sultan S. Alshamrani⁶, Ag Asri Ag Ibrahim^7,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 1301-1322, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017062 - 04 June 2021

Abstract Underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) refers to a procedure that promotes a broad spectrum of aquatic applications. UASNs can be practically applied in seismic checking, ocean mine identification, resource exploration, pollution checking, and disaster avoidance. UASN confronts many difficulties and issues, such as low bandwidth, node movements, propagation delay, 3D arrangement, energy limitation, and high-cost production and arrangement costs caused by antagonistic underwater situations. Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are considered a major issue being encountered in energy management because of the limited battery power of their nodes. Moreover, the harsh underwater environment requires vendors… More >

Cheng Gong¹, Dingbang Xie², Chao Guo^2,*, Sonia Kherbachi³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 2127-2143, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016436 - 13 April 2021

Abstract The wireless sensor network (WSN), as the terminal data acquisition system of the 5G network, has attracted attention due to advantages such as low cost and easy deployment. Its development is mainly restricted by energy. The traditional transmission control scheme is not suitable for WSNs due to the significant information interaction. A switchable transmission control scheme for WSNs based on a queuing game (SQGTC) is proposed to improve network performance. Considering that sensor nodes compete for the resources of sink nodes to realize data transmission, the competitive relationship between nodes is described from the perspective… More >

Lyk Yin Tan^*, Hock Guan Goh, Soung-Yue Liew, Shen Khang Teoh

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 3419-3432, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015402 - 01 March 2021

Abstract Data collection using a mobile sink in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has received much attention in recent years owing to its potential to reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes and thus enhancing the lifetime of the WSN. However, a critical issue of this approach is the latency of data to reach the base station. Although many data collection algorithms have been introduced in the literature to reduce delays in data delivery, their performances are affected by the flight trajectory taken by the mobile sink, which might not be optimized yet. This paper proposes… More >

Mohammed Kaddi^1,*, Abdallah Banana², Mohammed Omari¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1497-1510, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012116 - 26 November 2020

Abstract Wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used due to its vast range of applications. The energy problem is one of the important problems influencing the complete application. Sensor nodes use very small batteries as a power source and replacing them is not an easy task. With this restriction, the sensor nodes must conserve their energy and extend the network lifetime as long as possible. Also, these limits motivate much of the research to suggest solutions in all layers of the protocol stack to save energy. So, energy management efficiency becomes a key requirement in… More >

Ru Jin^*, Xinlian Zhou, Yue Wang

Journal of Information Hiding and Privacy Protection, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 115-123, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jihpp.2020.010180 - 18 December 2020

Abstract In a wireless sensor network [1], the operation of a node depends on the battery power it carries. Because of the environmental reasons, the node cannot replace the battery. In order to improve the life cycle of the network, energy becomes one of the key problems in the design of the wireless sensor network (WSN) routing protocol [2]. This paper proposes a routing protocol ERGD based on the method of gradient descent that can minimizes the consumption of energy. Within the communication radius of the current node, the distance between the current node and the More >

Shayesteh Tabatabaei^1,∗

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.35, No.6, pp. 477-494, 2020, DOI:10.32604/csse.2020.35.477

Abstract In recent years, the application of WSNs has been remarkably increased and notable developments and advances have been achieved in this regard. In particular, thanks to smart, cheaper and smaller nodes, different types of information can be detected and gathered in different environments and under different conditions. As the popularity of WSNs has increased, the problems and issues related to networks are examined and investigated. As a case in point, routing issue is one of the main challenges in this regard which has a direct impact on the performance of sensor networks. In WSN routing,… More >

Ting Xu¹, Ming Zhao¹, Xin Yao^{1, *}, Kun He²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.2, pp. 1605-1624, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011458 - 20 August 2020

Abstract With the expansion of the application range and network scale of wireless sensor networks in recent years, WSNs often generate data surges and delay queues during the transmission process, causing network paralysis, even resulting in local or global congestion. In this paper, a dynamically Adjusted Duty Cycle for Optimized Congestion based on a real-time Queue Length (ADCOC) scheme is proposed. In order to improve the resource utilization rate of network nodes, we carried out optimization analysis based on the theory and applied it to the adjustment of the node’s duty cycle strategy. Using this strategy… More >