Min Liu¹, Qiliang Wu¹, Zhixin Li², Bo Zhao¹, Leiqi Zhang¹, Junhui Li², Xingxu Zhu^2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.4, pp. 1403-1424, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060256 - 31 March 2025

Abstract To address the issue of coordinated control of multiple hydrogen and battery storage units to suppress the grid-injected power deviation of wind farms, an online optimization strategy for Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems based on measurement feedback is proposed. First, considering the high charge/discharge losses of hydrogen storage and the low energy density of battery storage, an operational optimization objective is established to enable adaptive energy adjustment in the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system. Next, an online optimization model minimizing the operational cost of the hybrid system is constructed to suppress grid-injected power deviations with… More >

Ryan Randall¹, Chunmei Chen^1,*, Mesfin Belayneh Ageze^2,3, Muluken Temesgen Tigabu⁴

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.12, pp. 2657-2691, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.058169 - 23 December 2024

Abstract Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) offer several advantages over horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs), including quieter operation, ease of maintenance, and simplified construction. Surprisingly, despite the prevailing belief that HAWTs outperform VAWTs as individual units, VAWTs demonstrate higher power density when arranged in clusters. This phenomenon arises from positive wake interactions downstream of VAWTs, potentially enhancing the overall wind farm performances. In contrast, wake interactions negatively impact HAWT farms, reducing their efficiency. This paper extensively reviews the potential of VAWT clusters to increase energy output and reduce wind energy costs. A precise terminology is introduced More >

Zeshuang Song¹, Xiao Wang^1,*, Qing Wu¹, Yanting Tao¹, Linghua Xu¹, Yaohua Yin², Jianguo Yan³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.1, pp. 985-1008, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.055614 - 15 October 2024

Abstract This research is the first application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) servers to offshore wind farms, providing a new task offloading solution to address the challenge of scarce edge servers in offshore wind farms. The proposed strategy is to offload the computational tasks in this scenario to other MEC servers and compute them proportionally, which effectively reduces the computational pressure on local MEC servers when wind turbine data are abnormal. Finally, the task offloading problem is modeled as a multi-intelligent deep reinforcement learning problem, and a task offloading model… More >

He Li¹, Xianchao Liu^2,*, Jidong Li¹, Yuchen Qiu²

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.8, pp. 2293-2311, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.048752 - 19 July 2024

Abstract When employing stepwise inertial control (SIC), wind power generation can offer significant frequency support to the power system, concurrently mitigating energy shortages and suppressing secondary frequency drop. Nonetheless, further investigation is imperative for implementing stepped inertia control due to variations in frequency regulation capabilities and operational safety among diverse wind farm groups. Consequently, this paper advocates a multi-wind farm ladder timing SIC method designed to alleviate secondary drops in system frequency. Initially, the paper introduces the fundamental principles of stepped inertia control for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and deduces the relationship between support energy,… More >

Yuping Bian^*, Xiu Wan, Xiaoyu Zhou

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.6, pp. 1637-1656, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.047678 - 21 May 2024

Abstract To address uncertainty as well as transient stability constraints simultaneously in the preventive control of wind farm systems, a novel three-stage optimization strategy is established in this paper. In the first stage, the probabilistic multi-objective particle swarm optimization based on the point estimate method is employed to cope with the stochastic factors. The transient security region of the system is accurately ensured by the interior point method in the second stage. Finally, the verification of the final optimal objectives and satisfied constraints are enforced in the last stage. Furthermore, the proposed strategy is a general More >

Yingchao Li^1,*, Jianbin Wang¹, Haibin Wang²

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.4, pp. 1049-1065, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.045228 - 26 March 2024

Abstract With the increasing demand for electrical services, wind farm layout optimization has been one of the biggest challenges that we have to deal with. Despite the promising performance of the heuristic algorithm on the route network design problem, the expressive capability and search performance of the algorithm on multi-objective problems remain unexplored. In this paper, the wind farm layout optimization problem is defined. Then, a multi-objective algorithm based on Graph Neural Network (GNN) and Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) algorithm is proposed. GNN provides the basis representations for the following search algorithm so that the expressiveness… More >

Chen Gu^1,*, Caiyu Wang¹, Mengjiao Du², Kan Yi², Bihong Zhu¹, Hao Wang², Shu Dai¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.27, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.09776

Abstract Site measurement is essential to the meteorological and oceanographic parameters of offshore wind farms. A floating lidar measurement buoy was deployed at a Qingzhou VI wind farm where is 45-80 km away from Guangdong coast. The field observation including wind and wave data start from March, 2021.The lidar wind data is compared and calibrated with the fixed wind tower data for three months, the accuracy meets the standard of stadge3 carbon trust. In this study, all these data are used to recalibrate for the met-ocean model to relies extreme conditions, such as Typhoon Kompasu(2118) and More >

Weigang Jin¹, Lei Chen^2,*, Yifei Li², Shencong Zheng², Yuqi Jiang², Hongkun Chen²

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.11, pp. 2469-2487, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.043021 - 31 October 2023

Abstract Along with the increasing integration of renewable energy generation in AC-DC power networks, investigating the dynamic behaviors of this complex system with a proper equivalent model is significant. This paper presents an equivalent modeling method for the AC-DC power networks with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms to decrease the simulation scale and computational burden. For the AC-DC power networks, the equivalent modeling strategy in accordance with the physical structure simplification is stated. Regarding the DFIG-based wind farms, the equivalent modeling based on the sequential identification of multi-machine parameters using the improved chaotic cuckoo More >

Zhonghao Qian¹, Hanyi Ma¹, Jun Rao², Jun Hu¹, Lichengzi Yu^2,*, Caoyi Feng¹, Yunxu Qiu¹, Kemo Ding¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.9, pp. 2013-2027, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.028859 - 03 August 2023

Abstract The lack of reactive power in offshore wind farms will affect the voltage stability and power transmission quality of wind farms. To improve the voltage stability and reactive power economy of wind farms, the improved particle swarm optimization is used to optimize the reactive power planning in wind farms. First, the power flow of offshore wind farms is modeled, analyzed and calculated. To improve the global search ability and local optimization ability of particle swarm optimization, the improved particle swarm optimization adopts the adaptive inertia weight and asynchronous learning factor. Taking the minimum active power… More >

Huanan Yu¹, Gang Han^1,*, Hansong Luo², He Wang¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.9, pp. 2029-2057, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.028365 - 03 August 2023

Abstract Aiming at the problem that most of the cables in the power collection system of offshore wind farms are buried deep in the seabed, which makes it difficult to detect faults, this paper proposes a two-step fault location method based on compressed sensing and ranging equation. The first step is to determine the fault zone through compressed sensing, and improve the data measurement, dictionary design and algorithm reconstruction: Firstly, the phase-locked loop trigonometric function method is used to suppress the spike phenomenon when extracting the fault voltage, so that the extracted voltage value will not… More >