Wei Tian¹, Lingdi Liu¹, Zhongxing Song², Zhishu Tang², Chunxiu Wen¹, Tao Jiang^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.2, pp. 369-382, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023184

Abstract The extract from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS) contains many secondary metabolites (flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids), widely reported for their high medicinal value. In order to know the number and type of flavonoids and the regulating mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis during the growth and development of SZS, we identified and analyzed the flavonoid metabolites and genes in SZS using metabolomic and transcriptomic. A total of 13,232 differentially expressed genes and 83 flavonoid metabolites were identified at three different growth and development stages (T1, T2, and T3) of SZS. The main flavonoid metabolic components of SZS were catechin, More >

Huijun Jiang^1,#, Kaien Zhai^3,#, Xiaofan Ye^3,#, Tianwei Hu², Jieming Jiang⁴, Xiaoqiu Dong¹, Weihuai Pan¹, Jianwei Pan², Jianxin Shou^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2633-2648, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021474

Abstract Grain filling is a crucial process that affects yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Auxin biosynthesis and signaling are closely related to rice yield; therefore, it is important to understand the effects of auxin biosynthesis on rice grain filling to improve crop yield. In this study, we used physiological and molecular strategies to identify the roles of auxin in rice grain filling. Exogenous application of auxin (IAA) or auxin analogues (2, 4-D) to young spikelets and flag leaves improved the seed-setting rate and yield per spike. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR assays confirmed that nine members of More >

Yulan Hu¹, Lulu Zhi¹, Ping Li¹, John T. Hancock², Xiangyang Hu^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2591-2605, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023733

Abstract In nature, plants are constantly affected by adverse conditions. Unlike animals, plants can resist these adverse stresses only by insisting on their original positions. Stress can be divided into biological stress and abiotic stress, abiotic stress directly affects the growth, development and yield of plants, it spans all developmental stages from seed germination to senescence. In order to adapt to changing environment, plants have evolved well-developed mechanisms that help to perceive the stress signals and enable optimal growth response. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important endogenous signal molecule in plants, which not only regulate some More >

Rujian Lan^1,2,3,#, Meiyang Duan^1,2,3,#, Feida Wu^1,2,3,#, Rifang Lai^1,2,3, Zhaowen Mo^1,2,3, Shenggang Pan^1,2,3, Xiangru Tang^1,2,3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.11, pp. 2461-2473, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021884

Abstract Fragrant rice is popular for the good grain quality and special aroma. The present study conducted a field experiment to investigate the effects of ultrasonic seed treatment on grain yield, quality characters, physiological properties and aroma biosynthesis of different fragrant rice genotypes. The seeds of three fragrant rice genotypes were exposed to 1 min of ultrasonic vibration and then cultivated in paddy field. The results of present study showed that ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain yield of all fragrant rice genotypes but the responses of yield formation to ultrasonic were varied with different genotypes. Compared with More >

Xiaofang Zeng^1,#, Guangzheng Li^1,#, Nu’an Liu², Yan Li¹, Jianrong Li¹, Xiaozhen Huang¹, Degang Zhao^1,2,,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.11, pp. 2419-2437, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021199

Abstract Leaf-color mutants play an important role in the study of chlorophyll metabolism, chloroplast development, and photosynthesis system. In this study, the yellow leaf 1 (yl1) rice mutant was identified from the ethyl methane sulfonate-treated mutant progeny of Lailong, a glutinous japonica rice landrace cultivated in Guizhou Province, China. Results showed that yl1 exhibited yellow leaves with decreased chlorophyll content throughout the growth period. Chloroplast development in the yl1 mutant was disrupted, and the grana lamellae was loosely packed and disordered. RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the chlorophyll synthesis-related genes OsCHLH, OsCHLM, OsCHLG, PORB,… More >

Mengjiao Chen^1,2, Jinhui Zhai³, Jiajia Zhang^1,4,5,6, Hui Li^1,2, Xinjiang Niu^1,2, Yaxin Liu^1,2, Yue Ren^1,2, Hongyan Du^1,4,5,6, Jingle Zhu^1,4,5,6,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 1027-1044, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.019106

Abstract Eucommia ulmoides ‘Hongye’ is a new ornamental variety of E. ulmoides with excellent red or purple foliage. We found that E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ exhibited a gradual change from green to red colour under light conditions. However, the colouring mechanism in the leaves of E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ remains unclear. In this study, we compared the pigment content and leaf colour index of E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ at five stages with those of E. ulmoides ‘Xiaoye’, which was used as the control variety. The transcriptome sequencing data of the first-period (H1, green) and fifth-period (H5, red) leaves were also analysed and compared. The corresponding… More >

Deka Reine Judesse Soviguidi^1,2, Rui Pan¹, Yi Liu^1,2, Liping Rao^1,2, Wenying Zhang^1,*, Xinsun Yang^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.2, pp. 239-255, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018284

Abstract During the evolution, plants acquired the ability to synthesize different phenylpropanoid compounds like chlorogenic acid (CGA), which plays vital roles in resistance mechanisms to abiotic stresses. These environmental factors, including heavy metal, cold, heat, ultraviolet (UV) light, drought, and salinity affect the plant physiological processes, resulting in massive losses of agriculture production. As plants evolve from green algae to bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms, phenylpropanoids are produced and accumulated in different tissues, giving the plant the capacity to counteract the harmful effects of the adverse environments. Studies have been performed on the metabolic evolution of… More >

Yaru Zhu^1,2,3, Xiujun Zhang¹, Yansheng Zhang³, Shiyou Lü^1,4,*, Changfu Li^1,3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.2, pp. 279-291, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017625

Abstract Tripterygium wilfordii has been renowned mostly because of the anticancer effects of its root extracts, which is partly ascribed to the presence of celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, as one of the main active components. Celastrol also has recently been reported as an effective prodrug in the treatment of obesity. Despite the promising activities, the pathway leading to celastrol biosynthesis, especially cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme(s) that occur in its downstream steps, are largely unknown. This study conducted a comparative analysis of the T. wilfordii transcriptome derived from its root and leaf tissues. Differential gene expression analysis identified a More >

YASSER S. MOSTAFA^1,*, SAAD A. ALAMRI^1,2, SULIMAN A. ALRUMMAN¹, TAREK H. TAHA³, MOHAMED HASHEM^1,4, MAHMOUD MOUSTAFA^1,5, LAMIAA I. FAHMY⁶

BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.6, pp. 1661-1672, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.016193

Abstract The study was sought to enhance the synthesis of thermal stable β-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (β-CGTase) using potato wastewater as a low-cost medium and assess the degree to which it is efficient for industrial production of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) from raw potato starch. Thermophilic bacteria producing β-CGTase was isolated from Saudi Arabia and the promising strain was identified as Bacillus licheniformis using phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Alginate-encapsulated cultures exhibited twice-fold of β-CGTase production more than free cells. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of polymeric capsules indicated the potential for a longer shelf-life, which promotes the restoration of… More >

Laura Raquel Orozco-Meléndez¹, Ofelia Adriana Hernández-Rodríguez¹, Oscar Cruz-Álvarez¹, Loreto Robles-Hernández¹, Graciela Dolores Ávila-Quezada¹, Esteban Sánchez Chavez², Damián Aarón Porras-Flores¹, Dámaris Leopoldina Ojeda-Barrios^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 1-12, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016908

Abstract There are documentary records referring to paclobutrazol (PBZ) as a growth bioregulator that inhibits the gibberellin synthesis and its application increases yields in fruit and vegetable crop productions. Its agronomic management includes it as an emerging technology to reduce vigour, promote flower induction and flower development in fruit trees with increased economic returns. Its use is banned in some countries because of concerns about residues that can cause harmful effects on the environment. Therefore, the aim of this article was to collect, analyse and summarise relevant information on the use of PBZ in fruit tree… More >