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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Coffea arabica var. Borbon Biochemical Response to Chitosan Oligosaccharides Foliar Exposure

    Alexis Salazar-Navarro1, Víctor Ruíz-Valdiviezo2, José Joya-Dávila1, Daniel González-Mendoza1,*, Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho1, Ulin Basilio-Cortes1, Dagoberto Duran-Hernández1, Henry López-Lopez1, Onecimo Grimaldo-Juárez1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.3, pp. 641-655, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.062871 - 31 March 2025

    Abstract The biochemical response of Coffea arabica var. Borbon to chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) was evaluated in one-year-old plants under greenhouse conditions. COS solutions were synthesized through chemical and physical hydrolysis using acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and microwave irradiation. The obtained COS had an average molecular weight (Mw) of 3549.90 ± 0.33 Daltons (Da), a deacetylation degree (DD) of 76.64 ± 1.12%, and a polymerization degree (PD) of 18.91 ± 0.0018. Solutions of chitosan and COS were applied to C. arabica var. Borbon at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 wt%. The experimental design was conducted using… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Exogenous Application of Hesperidin Ameliorates Chromium Toxicity in Wheat Irrigated with Tannery Wastewater

    Gohar Ayoub1, Shafaqat Ali1,2,*, Muhammad Arslan Ashraf 3,4, Shoaib Ahmad5, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh6

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.3, pp. 929-951, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059288 - 31 March 2025

    Abstract Chromium (Cr), a persistent soil pollutant, has detrimental effects on plants and living things, and its contamination in soil increased as a result of human-induced activities. Pakistan suffers from a lack of fresh water supplies; hence most people use metal-containing water and wastewater to irrigate their crops. Exposure to Cr toxicity, the plant reduces their morphological and physiological growth which ultimately decreases crop productivity. The current study was designed to investigate the foliar application of hesperidin (HSP) at varying effluent rates (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L−1) on wheat growth under tannery wastewater irrigated soil.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improved Leaf Chlorophyll Content Estimation with Deep Learning and Feature Optimization Using Hyperspectral Measurements

    Xianfeng Zhou1,2,*, Ruiju Sun1, Zhaojie Zhang1, Yuanyuan Song1, Lijiao Jin1, Lin Yuan3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.2, pp. 503-519, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.060827 - 06 March 2025

    Abstract An accurate and robust estimation of leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) is very important to better know the process of material and energy exchange between plants and the environment. Compared with traditional remote sensing methods, abundant research has made progress in agronomic parameter retrieval using different CNN frameworks. Nevertheless, limited reports have paid attention to the problems, i.e., limited measured data, hyperspectral redundancy, and model convergence issues, when concerning CNN models for parameter estimation. Therefore, the present study tried to analyze the effects of synthetic data size expansion employing a Gaussian process regression (GPR) model for… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Paclobutrazol Seed Priming on Seedlings Quality, Physiological and Bakanae Disease Index Characteristics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Hossam S. El-Beltagi1,2,*, Mohamed Fathi El-Nady3, Adel A. Rezk1,4, Abdelaziz M. Tahoon5, Mohammed I. Al-Daej1, Dina Abdulmajid6, Mohamed M. El-Mogy7, Elsayed Abd Elmaksoud Abomarzoka8, Sherif Mohamed El-Ganainy7,9, Metwaly Mahfouz Salem Metwaly3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2535-2556, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056734 - 30 October 2024

    Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. Bakanae disease is a significant rice disease widely distributed in rice-growing regions worldwide. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to assess the optimal concentrations of paclobutrazol (PBZ) as a treatment for rice grains (cv. Sakha 108) to control bakanae disease, also evaluating its impact on grain germination, seedling growth parameters as well as disease index. Paclobutrazol concentrations had no significant impact on seed germination, regardless of whether the seeds were incubated with Fusarium fujikuroi or not. Application of PBZ, either alone or in… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Summer Warming Limited Bud Output Drives a Decline in Daughter Shoot Biomass through Reduced Photosynthetis of Parent Shoots in Leymus chinensis Seedlings

    Song Gao1, Ruocheng Xu2, Lin Li3, Jiao Wang2, Nian Liu2, Johannes M. H. Knops4, Junfeng Wang2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.7, pp. 1667-1675, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.051548 - 30 July 2024

    Abstract Understanding how summer warming influences the parent and daughter shoot production in a perennial clonal grass is vital for comprehending the response of grassland productivity to global warming. Here, we conducted a simulated experiment using potted Leymus chinensis, to study the relationship between the photosynthetic activity of parent shoots and the production of daughter shoots under a whole (90 days) summer warming scenario (+3°C). The results showed that the biomass of parents and buds decreased by 25.52% and 33.45%, respectively, under warming conditions. The reduction in parent shoot biomass due to warming directly resulted from decreased… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Impact of ZnSO and ZnO Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lettuce

    Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza1, Rebeca Betancourt-Galindo2, Nazario Francisco-Francisco3,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.6, pp. 1831-1840, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.028085 - 11 April 2023

    Abstract

    Micronutrient nanoparticles (NPs) are currently an option for chemical fertilization and biostimulation in crops. However, there is little information on the phytotoxic or biostimulatory effects of NPs at low concentrations of some elements, such as Zn. In this study, the effect of low concentrations of Zn oxide (ZnO) NPs on germination, growth variables, and nutritional attributes of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was evaluated in comparison to Zn sulfate. Romaine lettuce seeds were treated with ZnSO4-- × 7H2O and ZnO NPs at Zn molar concentrations of 1 × 10−3, 5 × 10−3, 1 × 10−4, 5 × 10−4, 1

    More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Evaluation of Pre-Emergence and Post-Emergence Herbicides for Weed Management in Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Miscanthus sinensis

    Bimal Kumar Ghimire1, Chang Yeon Yu2, Seung Hyun Kim1, Ill Min Chung1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1439-1467, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.023076 - 09 March 2023

    Abstract Miscanthus, is a promising bioenergy crop, considered superior to other bioenergy crops because of its higher water and nutrient use efficiency, cold tolerance, and higher production of biomass. Broadleaf weeds and grass weeds, cause major problems in the Miscanthus field. A field experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019, to assess the effects of pre-emergence (alachlor and napropamide) and post-emergence herbicides (nicosulfuron, dicamba, bentazon, and glufosinate ammonium) on broadleaf and grass weeds in M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus fields. The weed control efficiency and phytotoxicity of pre- and post-emergence herbicides were evaluated at 30 days after treatment (DAT) and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Smart Nutrient Deficiency Prediction System for Groundnut Leaf

    Janani Malaisamy*, Jebakumar Rethnaraj

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.36, No.2, pp. 1845-1862, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.034280 - 05 January 2023

    Abstract Prediction of the nutrient deficiency range and control of it through application of an appropriate amount of fertiliser at all growth stages is critical to achieving a qualitative and quantitative yield. Distributing fertiliser in optimum amounts will protect the environment’s condition and human health risks. Early identification also prevents the disease’s occurrence in groundnut crops. A convolutional neural network is a computer vision algorithm that can be replaced in the place of human experts and laboratory methods to predict groundnut crop nitrogen nutrient deficiency through image features. Since chlorophyll and nitrogen are proportionate to one… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Drought Tolerance in Mung Bean is Associated with the Genotypic Divergence, Regulation of Proline, Photosynthetic Pigment and Water Relation

    Mohammad Rafiqul Islam1, Mohd Mostofa Kamal2, Mohammad Faruk Hossain3, Jamil Hossain4, Mohammad Golam Azam4,11, Mst Masuma Akhter5, M. Kamrul Hasan6, Ibrahim Al-Ashkar7, Khalid F. Almutairi7, Ayman EL Sabagh8,*, Md Atikur Rahman9, Muhammad Aamir Iqbal10, Mohammad Sohidul Islam6,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.3, pp. 955-981, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025138 - 29 November 2022

    Abstract Drought is one of the critical conditions for the growth and productivity of many crops including mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Screening of genotypes for variations is one of the suitable strategies for evaluating crop adaptability and global food security. In this context, the study investigated the physiological and biochemical responses of four drought tolerant (BARI Mung-8, BMX-08010-2, BMX-010015, BMX-08009-7), and four drought sensitive (BARI Mung-1, BARI Mung-3, BU Mung-4, BMX-05001) mung bean genotypes under wellwatered (WW) and water deficit (WD) conditions. The WW treatment maintained sufficient soil moisture (22% ± 0.5%, i.e., 30% deficit… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Dominant Allele from 93-11, ES(4), Represses Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and Leads to Early-Senescence in Rice

    Zhishu Jiang#, Cong Gan#, Yulian Liu, Xiaoli Lin, Limei Peng, Yongping Song, Xiaowei Luo, Jie Xu*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.3, pp. 665-677, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025266 - 29 November 2022

    Abstract Senescence is the last developmental process in plant, which has an important impact on crop yield and quality. In this study, a stable hereditary early-senescence line BC64 was isolated from the high-generation recombinant inbred lines of 93-11 and Wuyunjing7 (W7). Genetic analysis showed that the premature aging phenotype was controlled by a dominant gene derived from 93-11. By linkage analysis, the gene was primarily mapped in the region between marker B4 and B5 near the centromere of chromosome 4, described as ES(4). Through multiple backcrossing with W7, the near-isogenic line of ES(4) (NIL-ES(4)) was obtained. Compared More >

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