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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Influence of Formulation and Hot-Pressing Conditions on the Performance of Bio-Based Molasses Adhesive for Plywood

    Jajang Sutiawan1, Alifah Syahfitri2, Sukma Surya Kusumah1, Dede Hermawan2,*, Rita Kartika Sari2, Luthfi Hakim3, Efri Mardawati4,5, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis1,4,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.8, pp. 1383-1397, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.052052 - 06 September 2024

    Abstract Molasses can serve as a natural adhesive for plywood and particleboard. However, several disadvantages remain, including lower dimensional stability and low bonding strength compared to other adhesives. Therefore, modifications are needed to use molasses as an adhesive for plywood. This research aims to improve bio-based molasses (MO) adhesive for plywood using citric acid (CA) adhesive. In addition, this research aims to analyze the effect of adding citric acid and to investigate the optimum hot-pressing temperature to produce the best quality plywood. In the first stage, the molasses and citric acid were combined in a ratio… More > Graphic Abstract

    Influence of Formulation and Hot-Pressing Conditions on the Performance of Bio-Based Molasses Adhesive for Plywood

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Thermo-Mechanical, Physico-Chemical, Morphological, and Fire Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Particleboard Manufactured with Phosphorylated Lignin Addition

    Apri Heri Iswanto1,*, Harisyah Manurung1, Asma Sohail2, Lee Seng Hua3,9, Petar Antov4, Deded Sarip Nawawi5, Sarah Latifah5, Dewi Shafa Kayla5,6, Sukma Surya Kusumah6, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis6, Linda Makovická Osvaldová7, Mohd. Hazwan Hussin8, Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian9, Lum Wei Chen10, Puji Rahmawati Nurcahyani6, Nam Hun Kim11, Widya Fatriasari6

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.7, pp. 1311-1341, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.052172 - 21 August 2024

    Abstract Lignin, lignosulfonate, and synthesized phosphorylated lignosulfonate were introduced as green fillers in citric acid-sucrose adhesives for bonding particleboard fabricated from areca leaf sheath (ALS). The characteristics of particleboards were compared to that of ultralow emitting formaldehyde (ULEF-UF). The fillers derived from Eucalyptus spp. kraft-lignin were added for flame retardancy enhancement. 10% of each lignin and modified lignin was added into the ULEF-UF and citric acid-sucrose bonded particleboards. Analyses applied to particleboards included thermal characteristics, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), morphological properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as physical, mechanical, and fire resistance characteristics of the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Thermo-Mechanical, Physico-Chemical, Morphological, and Fire Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Particleboard Manufactured with Phosphorylated Lignin Addition

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MUF Resins Improved by Citric Acid as Adhesives for Wood Veneer Panels

    Claudio Del Menezzi1,2,3, Antonio Pizzi2,*, Siham Amirou2, Xuedong Xi4,5

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 539-553, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.024971 - 22 September 2022

    Abstract

    This article presents the first applied results of using citric acid in combinations with a melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin for bonding wood veneers. The chemical reactions involved are shown based on a MALDI ToF analysis of the reaction of the MUF resin with citric acid. The preliminary results of the physical and mechanical properties of the LVL prepared are also presented. Veneers from Populus sp were used to manufacture 5-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL) of small dimensions. Five combinations of the amount of citric acid, MUF spread rate and pressing parameters were tested. LVL bonded with 20%

    More > Graphic Abstract

    MUF Resins Improved by Citric Acid as Adhesives for Wood Veneer Panels

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparison of Dilute Organic Acid Pretreatment and a Comprehensive Exploration of Citric Acid Pretreatment on Corn Cob

    Hui Qiao1, Jingzhao Cui1, Shuiping Ouyang1, Jinjie Shi2, Jia Ouyang1,3,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.11, pp. 1197-1207, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.07735

    Abstract As an important agricultural waste, corn cob is one of the most abundant lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, dilute acid pretreatment using seven different organic acids were compared for compositional analysis of corn cob. The first pKa of organic acids, influenced by the number and type of the side group and distance between two carboxylic groups, played a crucial role in the pretreatment effect. Citric acid was found to have better pretreatment performance than other tested dicarboxylic acids. Under the condition of 30 mM, 160°C and 60 min, the level of xylose reached 22.64 g/L More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Performance Comparison of Chemically Modified Sugarcane Bagasse for Removing Cd(II) in Water Environment

    Manh Khai Nguyen1,*, Minh Trang Hoang1,2, Thi Thuy Pham1, Bart Van der Bruggen2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.5, pp. 415-428, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.04371

    Abstract This paper evaluates the adsorption capacity of chemically sugarcane bagasses with sodium hydroxide (SHS), citric acid (CAS), tartaric acid (TAS) and unmodified sugarcane bagasse (SB) for cadmium adsorption in water environment. The results prove adsorption capacity for Cd (II) increases after chemical modification and the adsorption fits perfectly with the Langmuir isotherm. CAS had the highest maximum adsorption capacity of 45.45 mg/g followed by TAS with 38.46 mg/g and SHS with 29.41 at optimum pH 5.0 and 120 minutes equilibrium time while 1 g SB removed 18.8 mg Cd (II) in the same conditions. The… More >

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