Mengjie Wang¹, Jingfa Li^2,*, Bo Yu², Nianrong Wang³, Xiaofeng Wang³, Tao Hu⁴

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.12, pp. 3055-3072, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.071675 - 31 December 2025

Abstract The adaptation of existing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen transportation has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Yet, whether hydrogen and natural gas stratify under static conditions remains a subject of debate, and experimental evidence is still limited. This study presents an experimental investigation of the concentration distribution of hydrogen–natural gas mixtures under static conditions. Hydrogen concentration was measured using a KTL-2000M-H hydrogen analyzer, with a measurement range of 0–30% (by volume), an accuracy of 1% full scale (FS), and a resolution of 0.01%. Experiments were conducted in a 300 cm riser, filled with uniformly… More >

Mussad Mohammed Al-Zahrani^*, Taher Maatallah

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1883-1905, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074656 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Conventional concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) face a persistent trade-off between high efficiency and high cost, driven by expensive multi-junction solar cells and complex active cooling systems. This study presents a computational investigation of a novel Multi-Focal Pyramidal Array (MFPA)-based CPV system designed to overcome this limitation. The MFPA architecture employs a geometrically optimized pyramidal concentrator to distribute concentrated sunlight onto strategically placed, low-cost monocrystalline silicon cells, enabling high efficiency energy capture while passively managing thermal loads. Coupled optical thermal electrical simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics demonstrate a geometric concentration ratio of 120×, with system temperatures maintained below More >

S. Saleem^a, U. Parveen^a, H. AL-Ghamdi^b,*, M. Yaseen^a, I. Sajjad^a, Nasarullah^a

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 223-237, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.223.223

Abstract Present research reveals the doping effect on physical properties of Sr_1-xFe_xS by employing ab-initio calculations. The negative formation energy and optimization outcomes exhibit the stability of the Sr_1-xFe_xS alloys with ferromagnetic phase. Spin dependent band structure (BS) and density of states (DOS) interpret that Sr_1-xFe_xS revealed half metallic ferromagnetic (HMF) nature at 6.25% and 12.5% of Fe doping while metallic character is revealed at 25% concentration of dopant. Spin-up state of Sr_0.9375Fe_0.0625S and Sr_0.8750Fe_0.1250S depicts semiconductive behavior with bandgap value of 2.01/2.33 eV, correspondingly, while metallic in spin-down channel. The magnetism in the system is mainly originated because… More >

R. I. Jasim^a, E. H. Hadi^a, A. A. Mansour^b, S. A. Hussein^c, S. S. Chiad^a,*, N. F. Habubi^d, Y. H. Kadhim^e, M. Jadan^f,g

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 43-55, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.221.43

Abstract Using chemical bath deposition (CBD) methods and various molarities, nanostructured CdS thin films were developed. XRD assured that these films were cubic polycrystalline, containing larger grains as the solution's concentration of cadmium ions increased. Dislocation density values dropped from 79.32 to 62.90 as a result, nevertheless. Also, the strain is lowered from 30.88 to 27.50. AFM results demonstrate that these films suffer a decrease in the value of average particle size, root mean square, and roughness with the molarity concentration. SEM images show CdS thin films at various molarities (0.10, 0.15, 0.20) M, indicating reduced More >

R. Rajeev^a,b,*, C. M. S. Negi^a

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.5, pp. 469-480, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.225.469

Abstract Cobalt-doped cadmium sulphide nanoparticles of semiconductors (CDs: Co NPs) were synthesised using various cobalt concentrations utilising a microwave-assisted approach. Debye-Scherer equation revealed the nanoparticles' size range to be between 2 and 4 nm. Diffraction from X-rays revealed a zinc mix structure. According to the structure in the optical bandgap energies indicates that, doping has systematically raised the bandgap energy as the doping concentration raises. The composition of the nanoparticles which was verified by EDAX, validated the effective integration of cobalt into the CdS structure. The detection of different functional and vibrational groups was performed at More >

Fang Liao, Xiurong Wang^*, Muyan Xie, Lixin Duan

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.11, pp. 3667-3686, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.069653 - 01 December 2025

Abstract Bryophytes play important ecological roles in terrestrial ecosystems, but their growth is often influenced by environmental factors and chemical interactions with surrounding vegetation. Fallen leaves are an important source of allelopathic substances, yet little is known about their impact on mosses. This study investigates the allelopathic effects of fallen leaves from Cinnamomum camphora, Pinus massoniana, and Bambusa emeiensis on the bryophyte Thuidium kanedae in Guiyang. The litter aqueous extract (0.0125 g/mL (T1), 0.025 g/mL (T2), 0.05 g/mL (T3), 0.1 g/mL (T4) and distilled water control (CK)) was used to regularly water and culture T. kanedae. During the 120-day test period,… More >

Xiong Liu¹, Yueqi Cui^1,*, Yirui Ren¹, Lingxuan Peng², Yuchan Cheng¹, Zhiyuan Du¹, Yu Chen¹, Lishan Cao³

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.11, pp. 2815-2828, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.073775 - 01 December 2025

Abstract This study explores the impact of salinity on fluid replacement during imbibition-driven oil recovery through a series of core self-imbibition experiments. By integrating key parameters such as interfacial tension, contact angle, and oil displacement efficiency, we systematically examine how variations in salinity level, ion type, and ion concentration affect the imbibition process. The results demonstrate that the salinity of the injected fluid exerts a strong influence on the rate and extent of oil recovery. Compared with high-salinity conditions, low-salinity injection, particularly below 5000 mg·L⁻¹, induces pronounced fluctuations in the replacement rate, achieving the highest recovery at More >

Xiaoai Yi, Jia Li^*, Qihong Fang^*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.010725

Abstract The complex concentration alloys are considered to have excellent mechanical properties due to the combined effects of heterogeneous composition and microstructure. However, it is difficult for existing simulation methods to capture the significant modulation of mechanical properties by the formation and motion of grain boundaries of complex concentration alloys at the microsecond and nanometer scales. To address this, we utilize the phase field crystal model that combines molecular dynamics and traditional phase field advantages to systematically study real-time grain boundary formation and motion in complex concentration alloys [1]. Meanwhile, we investigated the compositional fluctuations of More >

Hay Mon Aung¹, Aung Htay Naing^2,*, Chang Kil Kim², Kyeung II Park^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.9, pp. 2719-2727, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.068713 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Phalaenopsis orchids are economically important ornamental crops; however, their commercial micropropagation is often limited by poor rooting efficiency and inconsistent growth. In this study, we investigated the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on the in vitro regeneration and growth of Phalaenopsis cultivar 611B to determine the optimal concentration of Ag-NPs for improved micropropagation outcomes. Shoot tip explants (2–3 mm)—derived from protocorm-like bodies were cultured on a regeneration medium containing Hyponex (20:20:20 and 6.5:6.5:19), 18 g/L sugar, 2 g/L peptone, 0.8 g/L activated charcoal, 12.5 g/L potato extract, 50 mL/L apple juice, and 10 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), with… More >

Andris Berzins^1,2, Ramunas Tupciauskas^1,*, Gunars Pavlovics¹, Martins Andzs¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.6, pp. 1189-1207, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02024-0067 - 23 June 2025

Abstract This study examines the development of loose-fill thermal insulation materials derived from annual plant residues, such as wheat straw, water reeds, and corn stalks, processed using the chemimechanical pulping (CMP) technique. The chopped plants were soda-cooked for 30 min, varying NaOH concentration (2%–8% on a dry basis of biomass), and mechanically refined using different disc types. The CMP process enhances the homogeneity and stability of defibrated material, yielding improved insulation properties compared to untreated chopped raw materials. Chemical analysis revealed that CMP increases cellulose content and reduces lignin levels, enhancing water retention and vapor diffusion… More > Graphic Abstract