Ali Raza^1,*, Asad Ullah², Eugénio M. Rocha¹, Dumitru Baleanu³, Hala H. Taha⁴, Emad Fadhal^5,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 3433-3461, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069655 - 30 September 2025

Abstract This study investigates the transmission dynamics of conjunctivitis using stochastic delay differential equations (SDDEs). A delayed stochastic model is formulated by dividing the population into five distinct compartments: susceptible, exposed, infected, environmental irritants, and recovered individuals. The model undergoes thorough analytical examination, addressing key dynamical properties including positivity, boundedness, existence, and uniqueness of solutions. Local and global stability around the equilibrium points is studied with respect to the basic reproduction number. The existence of a unique global positive solution for the stochastic delayed model is established. In addition, a stochastic nonstandard finite difference scheme is More >

Yiming Guo, Hongyu Ma^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 3485-3505, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067590 - 23 September 2025

Abstract In dynamic 5G network environments, user mobility and heterogeneous network topologies pose dual challenges to the effort of improving performance of mobile edge caching. Existing studies often overlook the dynamic nature of user locations and the potential of device-to-device (D2D) cooperative caching, limiting the reduction of transmission latency. To address this issue, this paper proposes a joint optimization scheme for edge caching that integrates user mobility prediction with deep reinforcement learning. First, a Transformer-based geolocation prediction model is designed, leveraging multi-head attention mechanisms to capture correlations in historical user trajectories for accurate future location prediction.… More >

Yu-Hsien Lin^*, Po-Cheng Chuang, Joyce Yi-Tzu Huang

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 4907-4948, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065995 - 30 July 2025

Abstract This study proposes an automatic control system for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) docking, utilizing a digital twin (DT) environment based on the HoloOcean platform, which integrates six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion equations and hydrodynamic coefficients to create a realistic simulation. Although conventional model-based and visual servoing approaches often struggle in dynamic underwater environments due to limited adaptability and extensive parameter tuning requirements, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) offers a promising alternative. In the positioning stage, the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm is employed for synchronized depth and heading control, which offers stable training, reduced overestimation… More >

Ali Raza^1,2,*, Feliz Minhós^2,3,*, Umar Shafique⁴, Muhammad Mohsin⁵

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3411-3431, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.060855 - 30 June 2025

Abstract In 2022, Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6% infection in Asia, and 22.1% and 14.7% infection rates in Europe and North America, respectively. To study the dynamics of Leukemia, the population of cells has been divided into three subpopulations of cells susceptible cells, infected cells, and immune cells. To investigate the memory effects and uncertainty in disease progression, leukemia modeling is developed using stochastic fractional… More >

Ziyang Wang, Yuanzhen Feng^*, Zhengxin Wang, Cong Zheng

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.3, pp. 4835-4853, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063179 - 19 May 2025

Abstract Continuous control protocols are extensively utilized in traditional MASs, in which information needs to be transmitted among agents consecutively, therefore resulting in excessive consumption of limited resources. To decrease the control cost, based on ISC, several LFC problems are investigated for second-order MASs without and with time delay, respectively. Firstly, an intermittent sampled controller is designed, and a sufficient and necessary condition is derived, under which state errors between the leader and all the followers approach zero asymptotically. Considering that time delay is inevitable, a new protocol is proposed to deal with the time-delay situation.… More >

Ting Wen¹, Sainan Mao¹, Xiaoqian Fan^2,*, Jiayi Wu³

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.27, No.4, pp. 591-606, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.057726 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Background: In the field of organizational behavior, various aspects that have an impact on employee well-being gradually become a focus of attention. Among them, performance pressure, which is a component of workplace stressors that has a great influence on employees’ job performance as well as well-being, has been little studied. Therefore, this paper constructs a research model, which uses workplace anxiety as a mediating variable and vocational delay of gratification as a moderating variable, to explore the impact of performance pressure on employee well-being. Methods: Reliable data were collected by questionnaire method and data analysis… More >

Qinghai Ou¹, Min Yang¹, Jingcai Kong¹, Yang Yang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 2429-2447, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.062067 - 16 April 2025

Abstract The lack of communication infrastructure in remote regions presents significant obstacles to gathering data from smart power sensors (SPSs) in smart grid networks. In such cases, a space-air-ground integrated network serves as an effective emergency solution. This study addresses the challenge of optimizing the energy efficiency of data transmission from SPSs to low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), considering both effective capacity and fronthaul link capacity constraints. Due to the non-convex nature of the problem, the objective function is reformulated, and a delay-aware energy-efficient power allocation and UAV trajectory design (DEPATD)… More >

Umar Shafique¹, Ali Raza^2,7,*, Dumitru Baleanu³, Khadija Nasir⁴, Muhammad Naveed⁵, Abu Bakar Siddique¹, Emad Fadhal^6,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.1, pp. 449-476, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.061635 - 11 April 2025

Abstract Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major disease impacting pig farming globally. It can also be transferred to humans by eating raw pork. A comprehensive study was recently carried out to determine the indices through multiple geographic regions in China. Methods: The well-posed theorems were employed to conduct a thorough analysis of the model’s feasible features, including positivity, boundedness equilibria, reproduction number, and parameter sensitivity. Stochastic Euler, Runge Kutta, and Euler Maruyama are some of the numerical techniques used to replicate the behavior of the streptococcus suis infection in the pig population. However, the dynamic… More >

Taha Yacine Trad^1,*, Kheireddine Choutri¹, Mohand Lagha¹, Souham Meshoul², Fouad Khenfri³, Raouf Fareh⁴, Hadil Shaiba⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.3, pp. 4757-4786, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.055634 - 19 December 2024

Abstract The popularity of quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) stems from their simple propulsion systems and structural design. However, their complex and nonlinear dynamic behavior presents a significant challenge for control, necessitating sophisticated algorithms to ensure stability and accuracy in flight. Various strategies have been explored by researchers and control engineers, with learning-based methods like reinforcement learning, deep learning, and neural networks showing promise in enhancing the robustness and adaptability of quadrotor control systems. This paper investigates a Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach for both high and low-level quadrotor control systems, focusing on attitude stabilization and position… More >

Yuri Ivochkin¹, Igor Teplyakov¹, Oleg Sinkevich^1,2, Sergei Shchigel¹, Stepan Yudin^1,2,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.22, No.6, pp. 1805-1821, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.056787 - 19 December 2024

Abstract This study explores the mechanism behind the generation of pressure pulses on the outer surface of a molten metal droplet when immersed in water. The absence of any external trigger is assumed, and the droplet is surrounded by a vapor layer with surface hydrodynamic waves at the vapor-liquid interface. The study examines the heating conditions of a cylindrical column of water used to model a volume of cold liquid interacting with a hot metal surface, which explosively boils upon direct contact. Within the framework of classical homogeneous nucleation theory, the relationship between pressure pulse magnitude… More >