Jialun Liu^1,2,3,*, Yuchang Lu⁴, Jianjun Lin³, Shebing Li³, Ruixia Gao⁵, Zhao Li⁶

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2026.076292 - 30 April 2026

Abstract A steady thermo-hydraulic model of the helical tube steam generator was first constructed to study the coupled heat transfer process between the primary and secondary sides based on a discrete modeling method, and obtain the heat flux density distribution along the steam generator. Then, taking the obtained coupled heat flux density distribution as the thermal boundary condition input, considering the dynamic variation of physical properties on the secondary side, a dynamic model based on the time-domain method suitable for two-phase flow instability among parallel multiple channels of the steam generator was constructed. Finally, taking the… More >

Yuxin Tian¹, Wangxin Yu¹, Wanqing Yuan¹, Qingquan Liu^1,*, Xiaoliang Wang^1,2,3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.078776 - 30 March 2026

Abstract Granular flow, such as hopper discharge and debris flows, involves complex multi-scale, multi-phase, and multi-physics coupling, posing significant challenges for numerical simulation. Over the past two decades, methods like the Discrete Element Method (DEM), Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), and Depth-Averaging Method (DAM), have been developed to address these problems. However, their applicability across different scales remains unclear due to differences in physical assumptions and numerical algorithms. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation is critically needed. This study selects three typical methods (DEM, SPH, and DAM) to examine their convergence behavior, boundary condition implementation, and limitations in physical More >

Chuandong Lin^*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.34, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI: 10.32604/icces.2025.010544

Abstract Multiphase flows with thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects are encountered in various engineering and natural systems, such as bubbly flows, droplet-laden flows, and phase change processes. To accurately model and simulate such complex flows, a Discrete Boltzmann Method (DBM) is introduced in this report. The DBM is a kinetic-based approach that can capture the dynamics of multiple phases and their interactions, including phase change, mass transfer, and energy exchange. The method is validated through simulations of multiphase flows with phase change, showing good agreement with analytical solutions. The capability of the DBM to handle thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects… More >

Junchen Liu¹, Feng Zhou¹, Xiaofeng Lu¹, Xiaojin Zhou², Xianjun He¹, Yurou Du³, Fuguo Xia¹, Junfu Zhang⁴, Weiyi Luo^4,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.10, pp. 2613-2628, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.069772 - 30 October 2025

Abstract In shale gas reservoir stimulation, proppants are essential for sustaining fracture conductivity. However, increasing closing stress causes proppants to embed into the rock matrix, leading to a progressive decline in fracture permeability and conductivity. Furthermore, rock creep contributes to long-term reductions in fracture performance. To elucidate the combined effects of proppant embedding and rock creep on sustained conductivity, this study conducted controlled experiments examining conductivity decay in propped fractures under varying closing stresses, explicitly accounting for both mechanisms. An embedded discrete fracture model was developed to simulate reservoir production under different conductivity decay scenarios, while… More >

Ning Liu^1,*, Dong Cai¹, Shi-Kai Jian^2,3,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012511

Abstract One intriguing phenomenon in seismograms is seismic coda, once dismissed as noise. In 1969, seismologist Aki proposed that these coda waves reveal critical insights into small-scale inhomogeneities in the Earth's interior [1]. This scattering effect highlights geological complexity and offers valuable information for exploring targets like unconventional oil and gas reservoirs [2-5]. This paper examines elastic wave propagation and scattering in solid media. We validate the effectiveness of simulating wave field scattering by employing the discrete element method alongside energy radiative transfer theory. Then, we explore elastic wave scattering and scale inversion of non-homogeneous bodies More >

Siying Zhu^1,#, Weijian Gao^2,#, Min Yi^1,2,*, Zhuhua Zhang^1,2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.1, pp. 657-679, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.068242 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Microstructure topology evolution during severe plastic deformation (SPD) is crucial for understanding and optimising the mechanical properties of metallic materials, though its prediction remains challenging. Herein, we combine discrete cell complexes (DCC), a fully discrete algebraic topology model—with finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate and analyse the microstructure topology of pure copper under SPD. Using DCC, we model the evolution of microstructure topology characterised by Betti numbers (, , ) and Euler characteristic (). This captures key changes in GBNs and topological features within representative volume elements (RVEs) containing several hundred grains during SPD-induced recrystallisation.… More >

Pan Duan^*, Enze Peng

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.9, pp. 3817-3838, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.066491 - 26 August 2025

Abstract To address the challenges of fault line identification and low detection accuracy of wave head in Fault Location (FL) research of distribution networks with complex topologies, this paper proposes an FL method of Multi-Branch distribution line based on Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) combined with the improved Teager Energy Operator (TEO). Firstly, the current and voltage Traveling Wave (TW) signals at the head of each line are extracted, and the fault-induced components are obtained to determine the fault line by analyzing the polarity of the mutation amount of fault voltage and current TWs. Subsequently,… More >

Muhammad Osama¹, Sarwar Shah Khan^2,*, Sajid Khan², Muzammil Khan³, Mian Muhammad Danyal⁴, Reshma Khan¹

Digital Engineering and Digital Twin, Vol.3, pp. 17-34, 2025, DOI:10.32604/dedt.2025.066344 - 19 August 2025

Abstract Image fusion is a technique used to combine essential information from two or more source images into a single, more informative output image. The resulting fused image contains more meaningful details than any individual source image. This study focuses on multi-focus image fusion, a crucial area in image processing. Due to the limited depth of field of optical lenses, it is often challenging to capture an image where all areas are in focus simultaneously. As a result, multi-focus image fusion plays a key role in integrating and extracting the necessary details from different focal regions.… More >

Fatima Abu Siryeh^*, Hussein Alrammahi, Abdullahi Abdu İbrahim

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 5021-5046, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065206 - 30 July 2025

Abstract Biometric template protection is essential for finger-based authentication systems, as template tampering and adversarial attacks threaten the security. This paper proposes a DCT-based fragile watermarking scheme incorporating AI-based tamper detection to improve the integrity and robustness of finger authentication. The system was tested against NIST SD4 and Anguli fingerprint datasets, wherein 10,000 watermarked fingerprints were employed for training. The designed approach recorded a tamper detection rate of 98.3%, performing 3–6% better than current DCT, SVD, and DWT-based watermarking approaches. The false positive rate (≤1.2%) and false negative rate (≤1.5%) were much lower compared to previous… More >

Xuesong Xing¹, Li Wang¹, Guangai Wu¹, Chengyong Peng^1,2,3, Yanan Hou¹, Jingyu Zi¹, Biao Yin^2,3,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.7, pp. 2911-2930, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.065384 - 27 June 2025

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing, an effective method for enhancing coal seam productivity, largely determines coalbed methane (CBM) production, which is significantly influenced by geological and engineering factors. This study focuses on the L block to investigate the mechanisms influencing efficient fracture propagation and enhanced stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) in fracturing. To explore the mechanisms influencing effective fracture propagation and enhanced SRV, the L block was selected as the research object, with a comprehensive consideration of geological background, reservoir properties, and dynamic production data. By combining the discrete lattice method with numerical analysis and true triaxial experimental simulation,… More >