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    ARTICLE

    Prediction Model of Drilling Costs for Ultra-Deep Wells Based on GA-BP Neural Network

    Wenhua Xu1,3, Yuming Zhu2, Yingrong Wei2, Ya Su2, Yan Xu1,3, Hui Ji1, Dehua Liu1,3,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.7, pp. 1701-1715, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.027703

    Abstract Drilling costs of ultra-deep well is the significant part of development investment, and accurate prediction of drilling costs plays an important role in reasonable budgeting and overall control of development cost. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of ultra-deep well drilling costs, the item and the dominant factors of drilling costs in Tarim oilfield are analyzed. Then, those factors of drilling costs are separated into categorical variables and numerous variables. Finally, a BP neural network model with drilling costs as the output is established, and hyper-parameters (initial weights and bias) of the BP neural network is optimized by genetic… More >

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