Guoguan Wu^1,2, Baipei Liu^1,3, Dawei Jiang^1,2,*, Haorui Yu¹, Jiayu Fu^1,2, Chengze Yu¹, Hanbin Wang¹, Miaojun Xu^1,2,*, Zijian Wu⁴, Bin Li^1,2,*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.43, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2026.075384 - 03 April 2026

Abstract Epoxy resins are extensively employed in the construction, electronics, automotive, and aerospace industries owing to their outstanding mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and electrical insulation. However, their intrinsic flammability, poor wear resistance, and hydrophilicity significantly restrict broader applications. To address these challenges, a novel multifunctional coating (CEOS-DOPO-PDMS) has been designed and fabricated via an NP-GLIDE approach. The system integrates 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as a reactive phosphorus-based flame retardant, epoxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (EP-PDMS) as a hydrophobic segment, and cycloaliphatic epoxy-functionalized oligosiloxanes (CEOS) as a cross-linking co-reactant. The resulting CEOS-DOPO-PDMS hybrid precursor was blended with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA)… More > Graphic Abstract

Antun Pfeifer^1,*, Dongran Song², Mohamed Talaat Moustafa³, Neven Duić^1,4

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.079714 - 27 March 2026

Abstract The energy transition increasingly requires holistic approaches that integrate electricity, heating and cooling, water management, industrial processes, transport, and environmental considerations within coherent system frameworks. Such integration is essential for achieving deep decarbonisation while maintaining reliability, affordability, and resource efficiency across diverse regional and sectoral contexts. This Special Issue of Energy Engineering presents selected contributions from the 2024 Conferences on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), reflecting recent advances in modelling, system integration, and technology deployment. The included papers address a broad spectrum of challenges relevant to integrated energy–water–environment systems. These include building-sector… More >

Awanda Wira Anggini^1,2, Rita Kartika Sari^1,*, Dede Hermawan¹, Muhammad Iqbal Maulana², Wahyu Hidayat³, Bora Jeong⁴, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis^2,5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0114 - 25 March 2026

Abstract Recent advancements in developing tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resins have unlocked new possibilities for sustainable and eco-friendly wood adhesives. Unlike conventional polyurethane, NIPUs eliminate hazardous isocyanates, offering safer alternatives for industrial applications. Tannin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, plays a pivotal role in enhancing these resins’ fire-resistance and super-hydrophobic properties. This review highlights key developments in synthesizing tannin-based NIPU, focusing on various polymerization techniques such as polyaddition, polycondensation, ring-opening polymerization, and rearrangement. These strategies contribute to improved mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to water absorption. Recent studies demonstrate that tannin-based NIPU adhesives meet or… More > Graphic Abstract

Haoyang Xu^*

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.8, pp. 153-167, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jai.2026.078014 - 11 March 2026

Abstract This paper conducted a comprehensive study on the robustness of three widely used DFD deep learning models—namely, ResNet50, FreqNet, and Xception v1—to controlled perturbation attacks and frequency masking across a range of 12 different distortions. The study was performed on 254,166 ForenSynth test images, characterizing the distribution of FSI-drop values derived from over 3.05 million paired predictions. The distribution of FSI-drop values is sharply peaked around zero: 99.7% of the samples exhibit |Δ| < 0.1, and the maximum |Δ| ≈ 1.5 × 10⁻³, indicating high baseline stability. In terms of perturbation-wise comparison, Gaussian blur dominates, yielding… More >

Kunyi Wu¹, Bo Lei¹, Yanhua Qiu¹, Hui Li², Shize Wei¹, Feng Wang¹, Yu Wu^1,*, Liming Zhang^2,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.076662 - 04 March 2026

Abstract This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system, providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, based on field-measured parameters related to a representative case (a shale gas platform located in Sichuan, China) are conducted to analyze the flow characteristics of specific fittings and manifolds, and to quantify fitting resistance coefficients and manifold inlet interference. The resulting coefficients are integrated into a full-station gathering network model in PipeSim, which, combined with production data, enables evaluation of pressure losses and identification of equivalent pipeline blockages. The… More >

Muhammad Waheed Azam^1,*, Uzair Sajjad^2,*, Faisal Maqbool³, Giovani Sempirini⁴

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074690 - 28 February 2026

Abstract Heat exchangers play a crucial role in thermal energy systems, with their performance directly impacting efficiency, cost, and environmental impact. A powerful technique for performance improvement can be given by passive enhancement strategies, which are characterized by their dependability and minimal external power requirements. This comprehensive review critically assesses recent advancements in such passive methods to evaluate their heat transfer mechanisms, performance characteristics, and practical implementation challenges. Our methodology involves a systematic and comprehensive analysis of various heat transfer enhancement techniques, including surface modifications, extended surfaces, swirl flow devices, and tube inserts. This approach synthesizes… More >

Yendoubouame Lare^1,2,*, Koffi Sagna^1,2, Amah Séna d’Almeida³

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074506 - 28 February 2026

Abstract This study presents a numerical investigation of the transient relaxation dynamics of a near-critical CO₂ droplet immersed in a warmer supercritical environment composed of the same fluid. Three thermodynamic regimes were analysed: quasi-critical (Tr=1.01,Pr=1.01), transitional (Tr=2.01,Pr=1.01), and deep supercritical (Tr=5.01,Pr=3.01). The evolution of density, temperature, and velocity fields was examined to characterize the internal structure and stability of the interfacial transition layer. The evolution of density, temperature, and velocity fields highlights the competition between thermal diffusion, compressibility, and mass confinement in shaping the stability of the interfacial transition layer. Near the critical point, strong More >

Kai Song¹, Lishan Feng¹, Shugang Duan¹, Weilong Zhao², Haikun Zheng^3,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074404 - 28 February 2026

Abstract This study experimentally investigates the influence of surface wettability on the frosting characteristics of three types of corrugated structures (Types A, B, and C) under controlled low-temperature conditions. The experiments were conducted in a constant-temperature bath at a cold surface temperature of –5°C, relative humidity of 90%, and ambient air temperature of 10°C. The results reveal that the variation trends of frost morphology, frost mass, and frost layer thickness are generally consistent across surfaces with different wettability. Among the tested surfaces, frost crystal formation and complete surface coverage occurred latest on the superhydrophobic surface (CA =… More >

Jian Wu^*, Xiaowei Hao, Chao Han

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.071023 - 27 February 2026

Abstract Owing to the development of communication technologies and control systems, the integration of numerous Internet of Things (IoT) nodes into the power grid has become increasingly prevalent. These nodes are deployed to gather operational data from various distributed energy sources and monitor real-time energy consumption, thereby transforming the traditional power grid into a smart grid (SG). However, the openness of wireless communication channels introduces vulnerabilities, as it allows potential eavesdroppers to intercept sensitive information. This poses threats to the secure and efficient operation of the IoT-driven smart grid. To address these challenges, we propose a… More >

Bo Su¹, Mwansa Chambalile¹, Shihao He¹, Wan Sun², Enyuan Zhang¹, Tong Guo³, Jianming Hao⁴, Md. Mahbub Alam^5,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.076681 - 06 February 2026

Abstract Predicting the precise impacts of climate change on extreme winds remains challenging, yet strong storms are widely expected to occur more frequently in a warming climate. Wind barriers are commonly used on bridges to reduce aerodynamic loads on trains through blocking effects. This study develops a novel wind barrier based on Tesla valves, which not only blocks incoming flow but also dissipates mechanical energy through fluid collision. To demonstrate this energy-dissipation capability, a Tesla plate is placed in a circular duct to examine its influence on pressure drop. Experimental tests and numerical simulations comparing a… More >