Thao Nguyen-Trang^1,2,*, Hiep Ha-Hoang³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.147, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.080808 - 27 May 2026

Abstract Solving differential equations (DEs), including ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs), is fundamental to scientific computing and engineering. The development of deep learning has led to Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), in which physical laws are embedded directly into the loss function. However, PINNs inherit the intrinsic instability of deep neural networks (DNNs) and lack an effective mechanism for Uncertainty Quantification (UQ). This paper proposes a stochastic ensemble framework to address these limitations. The proposed method is a double-stochastic ensemble framework that combines bagging (via bootstrap resampling and randomized collocation points) with Monte… More >

Xiaoling Wang^1,*, Youyou Wang¹, Longkang Ni¹, Ruoyu Hao², Jiawei Cao¹, Hongfei Zhao¹, Liju Zhou¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.079810 - 27 May 2026

Abstract (1) Purpose: Sustainable forage production requires strategies that accelerate plant regrowth while reducing reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the potential multifunctionality of a plant growth-promoting microorganism, strain S2_8_1, hypothesized to enhance ryegrass regrowth in association with increased rhizosphere nitrification and cytokinin-related plant responses. (2) Methods: Comparative experiments were conducted using S2_8_1 and a cytokinin producing Streptomyces strain (Shan2) under both soil and hydroponic conditions. Treatments were evaluated for biomass production, soil NO₃⁻-N content, nitrification rate, and leaf zeatin riboside (ZR) levels. Multiple linear regression was applied to quantify the relative contributions… More >

Jian Li^1,2,*, Kexiang Wen¹, Jian Wei¹, Dengke Wen¹, Ruihao Sun¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.078680 - 07 May 2026

Abstract The effective management of gas–liquid two-phase flow, emerging within the microchannels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) during operations, is crucial for improving energy conversion efficiency. In this study, the influence of surface wettability is examined for hydrophilic and hydrophobic conditions through a visualization-based experimental setup focused on single-droplet dynamics. The impact of key parameters on droplet behavior is systematically explored, while the mechanisms underlying the observed flow patterns are elucidated and the coupling among governing physical factors is clarified. The results show that, under comparable conditions, hydrophobic surfaces exhibit larger advancing contact angles More >

Xianshi Fang¹, Zexian Guo^1,*, Kaihong Tang¹, Guanzhu Ren²

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2026.077372 - 30 April 2026

Abstract To investigate the complex phase change behavior in two-phase condensation flow of hydrocarbon mixtures in inclined tubes, a numerical model was developed in Fluent using the Volume of Fluid method combined with the Lee phase change model. A mixing effect correction was incorporated to enhance the simulation accuracy, and its impact on the flow and heat transfer characteristics was systematically evaluated. Numerical simulations were performed and subsequently corrected for mixing effects; the final results show good agreement with classical experimental data. The average deviation of the heat transfer coefficient is −0.76%, while that of the… More >

Guoguan Wu^1,2, Baipei Liu^1,3, Dawei Jiang^1,2,*, Haorui Yu¹, Jiayu Fu^1,2, Chengze Yu¹, Hanbin Wang¹, Miaojun Xu^1,2,*, Zijian Wu⁴, Bin Li^1,2,*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.43, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2026.075384 - 03 April 2026

Abstract Epoxy resins are extensively employed in the construction, electronics, automotive, and aerospace industries owing to their outstanding mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and electrical insulation. However, their intrinsic flammability, poor wear resistance, and hydrophilicity significantly restrict broader applications. To address these challenges, a novel multifunctional coating (CEOS-DOPO-PDMS) has been designed and fabricated via an NP-GLIDE approach. The system integrates 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as a reactive phosphorus-based flame retardant, epoxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (EP-PDMS) as a hydrophobic segment, and cycloaliphatic epoxy-functionalized oligosiloxanes (CEOS) as a cross-linking co-reactant. The resulting CEOS-DOPO-PDMS hybrid precursor was blended with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA)… More > Graphic Abstract

Antun Pfeifer^1,*, Dongran Song², Mohamed Talaat Moustafa³, Neven Duić^1,4

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.079714 - 27 March 2026

Abstract The energy transition increasingly requires holistic approaches that integrate electricity, heating and cooling, water management, industrial processes, transport, and environmental considerations within coherent system frameworks. Such integration is essential for achieving deep decarbonisation while maintaining reliability, affordability, and resource efficiency across diverse regional and sectoral contexts. This Special Issue of Energy Engineering presents selected contributions from the 2024 Conferences on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), reflecting recent advances in modelling, system integration, and technology deployment. The included papers address a broad spectrum of challenges relevant to integrated energy–water–environment systems. These include building-sector… More >

Awanda Wira Anggini^1,2, Rita Kartika Sari^1,*, Dede Hermawan¹, Muhammad Iqbal Maulana², Wahyu Hidayat³, Bora Jeong⁴, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis^2,5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0114 - 25 March 2026

Abstract Recent advancements in developing tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resins have unlocked new possibilities for sustainable and eco-friendly wood adhesives. Unlike conventional polyurethane, NIPUs eliminate hazardous isocyanates, offering safer alternatives for industrial applications. Tannin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, plays a pivotal role in enhancing these resins’ fire-resistance and super-hydrophobic properties. This review highlights key developments in synthesizing tannin-based NIPU, focusing on various polymerization techniques such as polyaddition, polycondensation, ring-opening polymerization, and rearrangement. These strategies contribute to improved mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to water absorption. Recent studies demonstrate that tannin-based NIPU adhesives meet or… More > Graphic Abstract

Haoyang Xu^*

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.8, pp. 153-167, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jai.2026.078014 - 11 March 2026

Abstract This paper conducted a comprehensive study on the robustness of three widely used DFD deep learning models—namely, ResNet50, FreqNet, and Xception v1—to controlled perturbation attacks and frequency masking across a range of 12 different distortions. The study was performed on 254,166 ForenSynth test images, characterizing the distribution of FSI-drop values derived from over 3.05 million paired predictions. The distribution of FSI-drop values is sharply peaked around zero: 99.7% of the samples exhibit |Δ| < 0.1, and the maximum |Δ| ≈ 1.5 × 10⁻³, indicating high baseline stability. In terms of perturbation-wise comparison, Gaussian blur dominates, yielding… More >

Kunyi Wu¹, Bo Lei¹, Yanhua Qiu¹, Hui Li², Shize Wei¹, Feng Wang¹, Yu Wu^1,*, Liming Zhang^2,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.076662 - 04 March 2026

Abstract This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system, providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, based on field-measured parameters related to a representative case (a shale gas platform located in Sichuan, China) are conducted to analyze the flow characteristics of specific fittings and manifolds, and to quantify fitting resistance coefficients and manifold inlet interference. The resulting coefficients are integrated into a full-station gathering network model in PipeSim, which, combined with production data, enables evaluation of pressure losses and identification of equivalent pipeline blockages. The… More >

Muhammad Waheed Azam^1,*, Uzair Sajjad^2,*, Faisal Maqbool³, Giovani Sempirini⁴

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074690 - 28 February 2026

Abstract Heat exchangers play a crucial role in thermal energy systems, with their performance directly impacting efficiency, cost, and environmental impact. A powerful technique for performance improvement can be given by passive enhancement strategies, which are characterized by their dependability and minimal external power requirements. This comprehensive review critically assesses recent advancements in such passive methods to evaluate their heat transfer mechanisms, performance characteristics, and practical implementation challenges. Our methodology involves a systematic and comprehensive analysis of various heat transfer enhancement techniques, including surface modifications, extended surfaces, swirl flow devices, and tube inserts. This approach synthesizes… More >