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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Analysis of Dual Atomizing Nozzle Jets in a Waste Warehouse

    Yan Xiong1, Xiangnan Song1, Jiawei Lu1, Lei Liu2, Yaru Yan3, Xuemin Ye3,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 1063-1077, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.063769 - 30 May 2025

    Abstract Enhancing the fermentation efficiency of waste in waste warehouses is pivotal for accelerating the pyrolysis process and minimizing harmful gas emissions. This study proposes an integrated approach, combining hot air injection with dual atomizing nozzles, for the thermal treatment of waste piles. Numerical simulations are employed to investigate the influence of various parameters, namely, nozzle height, nozzle tilt angle, inlet air velocity and air temperature, on the droplet diffusion process, spread area, droplet temperature, and droplet size distribution. The results show that reducing the nozzle height increases the temperature of droplets upon their deposition on… More > Graphic Abstract

    Numerical Analysis of Dual Atomizing Nozzle Jets in a Waste Warehouse

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Development of Micro Hydropower Systems in Amazonia Using Multiple Axial-Flow Turbines

    Rodolfo V. C. Ramalho1, Vitoria B. Portilho1, Davi E. S. Souza1, Gilton C. A. Furtado1, Natália M. Graças2, Manoel J. S. Sena2, Cláudio J. C. Blanco2, André L. Amarante Mesquita1,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.6, pp. 2197-2213, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.064196 - 29 May 2025

    Abstract Despite significant Brazilian social programs to expand energy access, approximately one million people in rural Amazonia still lack electricity. Moreover, the existing rural electricity grid in the region is inadequate for supporting efficient small-scale production systems due to both the poor quality and high cost of supplied energy. In parallel, traditional wooden bridges in the Amazon have been progressively replaced by more durable concrete structures in recent years. In this context, this study explores the application of very low-head hydropower installations in the Amazon, focusing on integrating axial-flow turbines beneath small concrete bridges. The methodology… More > Graphic Abstract

    Development of Micro Hydropower Systems in Amazonia Using Multiple Axial-Flow Turbines

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Research on the Hydrophobic Performance of Bamboo Surface Treated via Coordinated Plasma and PDMS Solution Treatments

    Zihan Ma1,2, Yan Wu1, Hongyan Wang2,*, Shaofei Yuan2, Jian Zhang2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.5, pp. 931-955, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02024-0040 - 20 May 2025

    Abstract Herein, the surface of Moso bamboo was hydrophobically modified by combining O2/N2 plasma treatments with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) solution treatment as the hydrophobic solution. The effects of plasma treatment process (power and time), PDMS solution concentration, and maceration time on the hydrophobic performance of bamboo specimens were studied, and the optimal treatment conditions for improving the hydrophobicity were determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the surface morphology, chemical structure, and functional groups in the specimens before and after the plasma and PDMS… More > Graphic Abstract

    Research on the Hydrophobic Performance of Bamboo Surface Treated via Coordinated Plasma and PDMS Solution Treatments

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Artificial Neural Networks for Optimizing Alumina Al2O3 Particle and Droplet Behavior in 12kK Ar-H2 Atmospheric Plasma Spraying

    Ridha Djebali1,*, Bernard Pateyron2, Mokhtar Ferhi1, Mohamed Ouerhani3, Karim Khemiri1, Montassar Najari1, M. Ammar Abbassi4, Chohdi Amri5, Ridha Ennetta6, Zied Driss7

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 441-461, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.063375 - 25 April 2025

    Abstract This paper investigates the application of Direct Current Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (DC-APS) as a versatile thermal spray technique for the application of coatings with tailored properties to various substrates. The process uses a high-speed, high-temperature plasma jet to melt and propel the feedstock powder particles, making it particularly useful for improving the performance and durability of components in renewable energy systems such as solar cells, wind turbines, and fuel cells. The integration of nanostructured alumina (Al2O3) thin films into multilayer coatings is considered a promising advancement that improves mechanical strength, thermal stability, and environmental resistance. The More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Research Progress of Nanotechnology on Efficient and Green Technologies for Wood Preservation: A Review

    Yuxin He1,#, Yixin Li2,#, Qiaoguang Li1, Wenqing Xiao1,*, Guijun Xie2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.4, pp. 699-718, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.058349 - 21 April 2025

    Abstract Wood, recognized as a renewable and environmentally sustainable material, plays a crucial role as an alternative energy resource within the construction industry. However, it is highly susceptible to mold and decay fungi, which can lead to surface discoloration and potentially compromise the structural integrity of wood. The advancement of nanotechnology has introduced innovative strategies for wood protection, enhancing its performance while imparting additional properties. Various approaches including nanosized metals, polymer nanocomposite and coating treatments are actively being explored in this field. Furthermore, integrating bio-based materials with nanotechnology offers a green and sustainable method for wood More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Diffusive Transfer between a Droplet and an Immiscible Oscillating Liquid in a Radial Hele-Shaw Cell

    Ivan Karpunin*, Denis Polezhaev

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.3, pp. 543-553, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.061163 - 01 April 2025

    Abstract An experimental study of the diffusive mass transfer between a droplet and an oscillating immiscible liquid in a horizontal axisymmetric Hele-Shaw cell is carried out. The liquid oscillates radially in the cell. The transverse size of the droplet exceeds the cell thickness. The viscosities of the droplet and the surrounding liquid are comparable. Relevant effort is provided to design and test an experimental setup and validate a protocol for determining the mass transfer rate of a solute in a two-liquid system. In particular, fluorescent dye Rhodamine B is considered as the solute. A critical comparison… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Elephant Foot Yam Starch-NCC Bionanocomposite Film Incorporated with Virgin Coconut Oil and Monoglyceride for Hydrophobic and Biodegradable Packaging

    Heni Radiani Arifin1,*, Yoan Christina Angelica1, Bambang Nurhadi1, Herlina Marta1, Rossy Choerun Nissa2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.3, pp. 617-635, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.057812 - 20 March 2025

    Abstract Bionanocomposite film is produced from renewable and biodegradable natural resources. Although elephant foot yam (EFY) starch (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) is a promising polymer for bionanocomposite film, the native hydrophilic properties influence the overall performance characteristics. Incorporating virgin coconut oil (VCO) and monoglyceride as hydrophobic components can improve mechanical properties and reduce permeability while increasing the hydrophobicity of the composite. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of adding VCO and monoglyceride on EFY starch-nanocrystalline film at 3 and 5 wt% concentrations. Experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties, water vapor transmission rate… More > Graphic Abstract

    Elephant Foot Yam Starch-NCC Bionanocomposite Film Incorporated with Virgin Coconut Oil and Monoglyceride for Hydrophobic and Biodegradable Packaging

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Simulations of Drop Evaporation: A Comprehensive Overview of Methods and Applications

    Leonardo Di G. Sigalotti*, Carlos A. Vargas

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.3, pp. 2281-2337, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.060497 - 03 March 2025

    Abstract The evaporation of micrometer and millimeter liquid drops, involving a liquid-to-vapor phase transition accompanied by mass and energy transfer through the liquid-vapor interface, is encountered in many natural and industrial processes as well as in numerous engineering applications. Therefore, understanding and predicting the dynamics of evaporating flows have become of primary importance. Recent efforts have been addressed using the method of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), which has proven to be very efficient in correctly handling the intrinsic complexity introduced by the multiscale nature of the evaporation process. This paper aims to provide an overview of… More > Graphic Abstract

    Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Simulations of Drop Evaporation: A Comprehensive Overview of Methods and Applications

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Metabolic Characteristics of Taste Differences of Sweet Potato Leaves Grown in Soil and Hydroponic Cultures by Using Non-Targeted Metabolomics

    Zhaomiao Lin, Guoliang Li, Hong Zhang, Rongchang Ji, Yongqing Xu, Guochun Xu, Huawei Li, Zhonghua Liu, Wenbin Luo, Yongxiang Qiu, Sixin Qiu*, Hao Tang

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.12, pp. 3401-3410, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058692 - 31 December 2024

    Abstract Sweet potato leaves are consumed globally for their nutritional and functional properties, with their taste characteristics significantly influencing their market value and consumer acceptance. However, the metabolic factors determining the taste of sweet potato leaves remain unclear. This study evaluated the taste and metabolic profile of sweet potato leaves cultivated in soil and hydroponic systems, revealing that hydroponic culture improved the taste of the leafy sweet potatoes. Using gas chromatography system (GC)-ToF-MS, 200 metabolites were identified, encompassing most plant metabolic pathways. A comparison of good-tasting vs. poor-tasting sweet potato leaves identified 71 metabolites associated with taste More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Mechanics of Freezing-Empowered Self-Catapulting of Water Droplets

    Haimin Yao1,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012649

    Abstract Despite the remarkable progress of anti-icing and deicing technologies in the past decades, it remains a grand challenge to dislodge freezing water from a solid surface without consuming external energy. Herein, we propose a strategy to dislodge freezing water from solid surfaces just by leveraging its volume expansion resulting from the phase change from water to ice. The implementation of this energy-saving strategy relies on a simple micropillar-based gadget on the surface, termed freezing-empowered droplet catapult (FEDC), whereby the work done by the volume expansion of a freezing droplet accreted on it can be harvested… More >

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