Jun Qi^1,*, Chao Yang², Xinliu Wang², Junyou Yang¹, Haixin Wang¹, Huaqin Chen^2,3, Zhenyan Li³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.076511 - 09 April 2026

Abstract With the diversification of electricity trading forms driven by distributed energy technologies, the continuous growth of blockchain’s chained data structure poses dual challenges to traditional B+ tree indexes in terms of query efficiency and storage costs. This paper proposes a sliding window-based learned index construction method (SW-LI). The method consists of two key components. First, block timestamp–height samples are selected using a sliding window and used to train a linear regression model that captures the timestamp-to-height mapping. Second, an adaptive window adjustment mechanism is introduced: when the prediction error within a window exceeds a threshold,… More >

Abdulaziz A. Alsulami^1,*, Badraddin Alturki², Ahmad J. Tayeb², Rayan A. Alsemmeari², Raed Alsini¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.076413 - 09 April 2026

Abstract Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a critical role in protecting networked environments from cyberattacks. They have become increasingly important in smart environments such as the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, IDS for IoT networks face critical challenges due to hardware constraints, including limited computational resources and storage capacity, which lead to high feature dimensionality, prediction uncertainty, and increased processing cost. These factors make many conventional detection approaches unsuitable for real-time IoT deployment. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an adaptive intrusion detection framework that intelligently balances detection accuracy and computational efficiency. The proposed… More >

Soheib Dakhelullah Alsahafi^*

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.23, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cl.2026.077336 - 03 April 2026

Abstract In this study, a novel double-heterojunction perovskite solar cell (DHPSC) with the following structure: FTO/ZnO/CH₃NH₃PbI_3−xCl_x/CH₃NH₃SnI₃/p⁺⁺ZnTe/Au was designed. It was optimized using the wxAMPS simulation software. A systematic parametric analysis was performed to investigate the influence of electron transport layer (ETL) ZnO and hole transport layer (HTL) thicknesses on photovoltaic performance. That includes short-circuit current density (J_sc), open-circuit voltage (V_oc), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (η). The results indicate that once a minimum ZnO thickness is achieved, further increases have a negligible effect on performance. Whereas variations in ZnTe thickness markedly influence V_oc and η. The optimal configuration More >

Leonid Plotnikov^1,*, Leonid Osipov¹, Danil Davydov¹, Dmitry Krasilnikov¹, Alexander Ryzhkov²

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.076278 - 27 March 2026

Abstract The use of alternative fuels to generate mechanical and thermal energy in engines is a promising and sought-after technological area with its own unique advantages and characteristics. Consequently, enhancing the technical, economic, and environmental efficiency of gas engines fueled by propane-butane mixture and syngas through optimized operating cycle parameters (including valve timing, ignition timing angle, fuel mixture composition, and compression ratio) is a pressing imperative for scientific and energy sectors. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the performance of an engine with different compression ratios running on a propane-butane mixture and… More >

Aws F. Hassan^*, Jamal A.-K. Mohammed, Walaa M. Hashim

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.075837 - 27 March 2026

Abstract The current study aims to improve the performance of the electrohydraulic servo system (EHSS) by increasing the volumetric efficiency of the pump and reducing electrical power consumption to a minimum value. An experimental setup has been designed and built to control the cylinder position using a programmable logic controller to provide the appropriate motor speed from the AC drive to control the velocity of the hydraulic actuator; the induction motor is driven by an AC drive using a tune proportional-integral-variable frequency drive (TPI-VFD) space vector modulation (SVM) hybrid technology. Theoretically, it was analyzed and simulated… More > Graphic Abstract

Somia A. Abd El-Mottaleb¹, Amira G. Mohamed², Mehtab Singh³, Hassan Yousif Ahmed⁴, Medien Zeghid⁴, Abu Sufian A. Osman^5,*, Sami Mourou⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.075669 - 12 March 2026

Abstract This paper presents an image encryption scheme for underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) systems based on dynamically generated hyperchaotic S-boxes, aiming to enhance both data security and transmission performance in underwater environments. The proposed encryption approach provides strong confusion and diffusion properties and is evaluated over five Jerlov water types with different optical attenuation characteristics. Security analysis demonstrates that the encrypted images achieve information entropy values close to the ideal value of 8 (7.9925–7.9993), with very low correlation coefficients in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions, as well as the system achieves high values in key… More >

Omar Almomani^1,*, Mahran Al-Zyoud¹, Ahmad Adel Abu-Shareha², Ammar Almomani^3,4,*, Said A. Salloum⁵, Khaled Mohammad Alomari⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.075465 - 12 March 2026

Abstract In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), survivability is a crucial issue that is greatly impacted by energy efficiency. Solutions that satisfy application objectives while extending network life are needed to address severe energy constraints in WSNs. This paper presents an Adaptive Enhanced Grey Wolf Optimizer (AEGWO) for energy-efficient cluster head (CH) selection that mitigates the exploration–exploitation imbalance, preserves population diversity, and avoids premature convergence inherent in baseline GWO. The AEGWO combines adaptive control of the parameter of the search pressure to accelerate convergence without stagnation, a hybrid velocity-momentum update based on the dynamics of PSO, and… More >

Hamad Ali Abosaq¹, Jarallah Alqahtani^1,*, Fahad Masood², Alanoud Al Mazroa³, Muhammad Asad Khan⁴, Akm Bahalul Haque⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.075250 - 12 March 2026

Abstract The technological advancement of the vehicular Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) into next-generation ITS. The connectivity of IoT nodes enables improved data availability and facilitates automatic control in the ITS environment. The exponential increase in IoT nodes has significantly increased the demand for an energy-efficient, mobility-aware, and secure system for distributed intelligence. This article presents a mobility-aware Deep Reinforcement Learning based Federated Learning (DRL-FL) approach to design an energy-efficient and threat-resilient ITS. In this approach, a Policy Proximal Optimization (PPO)-based DRL agent is first employed for adaptive client selection. Second, More >

Yuechuan Zhang^1,2, Mingshu Zhang^1,2,*, Bin Wei^1,2, Hongyu Jin^1,2, Yaxuan Wang^1,2

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.073996 - 12 March 2026

Abstract Detecting fake news in multimodal and multilingual social media environments is challenging due to inherent noise, inter-modal imbalance, computational bottlenecks, and semantic ambiguity. To address these issues, we propose SparseMoE-MFN, a novel unified framework that integrates sparse attention with a sparse-activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture. This framework aims to enhance the efficiency, inferential depth, and interpretability of multimodal fake news detection. SparseMoE-MFN leverages LLaVA-v1.6-Mistral-7B-HF for efficient visual encoding and Qwen/Qwen2-7B for text processing. The sparse attention module adaptively filters irrelevant tokens and focuses on key regions, reducing computational costs and noise. The sparse MoE module dynamically… More >

Adebowale Martins Obalalu^1,*, Abdulazeez Adebayo Usman², Umair Khan³

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.076959 - 04 March 2026

Abstract Efficient thermal management in porous media is essential for advanced engineering applications, including solar energy systems, electronic cooling, and aerospace thermal control. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluids, TiO₂–CdTe–MoS₂ dispersed in water, flowing over a vertical stretching or shrinking surface in a Darcy–Brinkman porous medium. The investigation accounts for the combined effects of magnetohydrodynamics, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and internal heat generation. In contrast to previous studies that predominantly focused on single or binary nanofluids, the present work systematically examines the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of ternary hybrid nanofluids, highlighting their enhanced… More >