Abubakar Unguwanrimi Yakubu^1,2,4, Jiahao Zhao¹, Qi Jiang¹, Xuanhong Ye¹, Junyi Liu¹, Qinglong Yu¹, Shusheng Xiong^1,3,4,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1025-1051, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.057680 - 07 March 2025

Abstract This study uses numerical simulations of liquid cooling flow fields to investigate polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) thermal control. The research shows that the optimum cooling channel design significantly reduces the fuel cell’s temperature differential, improving overall efficiency. Specifically, the simulations show a reduction in the maximum temperature by up to 15% compared to traditional designs. Additionally, according to analysis, the Nusselt number rises by 20% with the implementation of serpentine flow patterns, leading to enhanced heat transfer rates. The findings demonstrate that effective cooling strategies can lead to a 10% increase in fuel More >

J. M. Shi^*, H. F. Zhang, H. C. Wang

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.3, pp. 263-274, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.213.263

Abstract This study presents the synthesis and characterization of 3D ZnO@MoS₂ nanocomposites, demonstrating their superior performance in photoelectrochemical applications. Employing a combination of hydrothermal and solvothermal methods, the research focuses on creating heterostructures with optimized interfacial characteristics. The ZnO@MoS₂ composites show a substantial increase in photocurrent density (1.02 mA/cm^²), compared to ZnO nanorods (0.32 mA/cm^²), underlining enhanced charge separation efficiency. In electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, the heterostructures exhibit a lower onset potential (-175 mV vs RHE) and reduced Tafel slope (51 mV/dec), indicating improved catalytic activity over MoS₂ nanosheets. Additionally, the composites demonstrate a significant increase in electrochemical capacitance (398 More >

D. N. Alhilfi^a,*, A. S. Al-Kabbib^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.8, pp. 641-649, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.218.641

Abstract The electrochemical deposition method created a CdSe thin film on FTO glass substrates. The film was examined using field scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and optical and electrochemical measurements. The results show that the CdSe nanoparticles were evenly distributed on the substrate, with a Cd/Se ratio of 63.30% Se and 36.70% Cd. The XRD revealed a polycrystalline, hexagonal structure. The film is n-type semiconductor concentration with a carrier concentration of 1.194×10²⁰ cm^-3 . The CdSe showed 552.5 mF/cm² of specific capacity with energy and a power density of 2.5 mW/cm² and 9000 mW/cm² More >

N. G. Basil Ralph^a, S. Shanmugha Soundare^b, D. Yamuna^a, S. Ariponnammal^a,*

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.9, pp. 729-746, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.219.729

Abstract Nanocomposite SnSeO₃/ZnSeO₃ has been synthesized by hydrothermal method. X-ray powder diffraction confirms formation of SnSeO₃/ZnSeO₃ nanocomposite. It exhibits an interesting morphology of needle like nanorod structure. Thermal analysis reveals the thermal stability, decomposition behavior and critical temperatures where significant weight loss occurs. X-ray photoemission explains the role of the chemical state Sn, Zn, Se and O in SnSeO₃/ZnSeO₃. Electrochemical study has been made in both three electrode and two electrode system. In three electrode system, cyclic voltammetry exhibits a bell-shaped curve and the operational potential window is 0.8 V. The specific capacitance is 78.65 F/g for 5… More >

Wenzhen Li^1,*, Hengzhou Liu¹, Yifu Chen¹, Shuang Gu²

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012577

Abstract Direct electrochemical conversion of CO₂ capture solutions (instead of gaseous CO₂) into valuable chemicals can circumvent the energy-intensive CO₂ regeneration and pressurization steps. While commonly used CO₂ capture agents include alkali and amine solutions, ammonia has been rarely investigated. In another aspect, mismanagement of reactive nitrogen (Nr) in waste has emerged as a major problem in water pollution to our ecosystems, causing severe eutrophication and health concerns. Sustainably recovering Nr [such as nitrate (NO₃⁻)-N] and converting it into green ammonia (NH₃) could mitigate the environmental impacts of Nr and reduce the NH₃ demand from the carbon-intensive Haber-Bosch process, as… More >

I. Nkrumah^*, F. K. Ampong, A. Britwum, M. Paal, B. Kwakye-Awuah, R. K. Nkum, F. Boakye

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 205-213, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.203.205

Abstract Single phase lead tin sulfide (PbSnS) thin films have been successfully deposited on ITO coated glass substrates using a 3-electrode electrochemical cell having graphite as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. In this single-step electrodeposition, the PbSnS precursor thin film was directly electrodeposited on the conductive substrate from the electrolytic bath solution which contained Pb(NO₃)₂, SnCl₂.2H₂O and Na₂S₂O₃. This was followed by annealing in air at 250 °C for an hour to improve the crystallinity. The annealed films were characterized by a variety of techniques. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed peaks which were indexed to More >

I. Nkrumah^*, F. K. Ampong, A. Britwum, M. Paal, B. Kwakye-Awuah, R. K. Nkum, F. Boakye

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.6, pp. 399-407, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.206.399

Abstract A study has been carried out to investigate the effect of the concentration of Sn in the metallic precursor on the structure, morphology, optical and electrical properties of PbSnS thin films. The films were directly electrodeposited on ITO-coated glass substrates using a 3-electrode electrochemical cell having graphite as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. Several depositions were carried out, with each deposited film having a different concentration of Sn in the metallic precursor whilst all other parameters were kept constant for all the films. Post deposition annealing was carried out in air… More >

Casey Jones, Meghana Sudarshan, Vikas Tomar^*

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.12, pp. 2721-2740, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.043219 - 29 November 2023

Abstract Abuse of Lithium-ion batteries, both physical and electrochemical, can lead to significantly reduced operational capabilities. In some instances, abuse can cause catastrophic failure, including thermal runaway, combustion, and explosion. Many different test standards that include abuse conditions have been developed, but these generally consider only one condition at a time and only provide go/no-go criteria. In this work, different types of cell abuse are implemented concurrently to determine the extent to which simultaneous abuse conditions aggravate cell degradation and failure. Vibrational loading is chosen to be the consistent type of physical abuse, and the first… More >

Ying Wang^*, Zheng Yan, Yangyang Wu

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.136, No.2, pp. 1339-1370, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.025830 - 06 February 2023

Abstract In this paper, a numerical model of fretting fatigue analysis of cable wire and the fretting fatigue damage constitutive model considering the multi-axis effect were established, and the user material subroutine UMAT was written. Then, the constitutive model of wear morphology evolution of cable wire and the constitutive model of pitting evolution considering the mechanical-electrochemical effect were established, respectively. The corresponding subroutines UMESHMOTION_Wear and UMESHMOTION_Wear_Corrosion were written, and the fretting fatigue life was further predicted. The results show that the numerical simulation life obtained by the program in this paper has the same trend as… More > Graphic Abstract

Haneen D. Jabbar^1,*, Makram A. Fakhri^1,*, Mohammed Jalal Abdul Razzaq¹, Omar S. Dahham^2,3, Evan T. Salim⁴, Forat H. Alsultany⁵, U. Hashim⁶

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.3, pp. 1101-1122, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.023698 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Gallium nitride (GaN)/porous silicon (PSi) film was prepared using a pulsed laser deposition method and 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser for optoelectronic applications and a series of Psi substrates were fabricated using a photoelectrochemical etching method assisted by laser at different etching times for 2.5–15 min at 2.5 min intervals. X-ray diffraction, room-temperature photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy images, and electrical characteristics in the prepared GaN on the Psi film were investigated. The optimum Psi substrate was obtained under the following conditions: 10 min, 10 mA/cm², and 24% hydrofluoric acid. The substrate exhibited two highly cubic… More >