Jingshuai Pang^1,2, Songcen Wang¹, Hongyin Chen^1,2,*, Xiaoqiang Jia¹, Yi Guo¹, Ling Cheng¹, Xinhe Zhang¹, Jianfeng Li¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.070256 - 27 December 2025

Abstract To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a low-carbon society, this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response. Firstly, a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity. The alternative DR enables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources, while the price DR relies on time-of-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration; Secondly, the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal… More >

Junhui Li¹, Yuqing Zhang¹, Can Chen², Xiaoxiao Wang², Yinchi Shao², Xingxu Zhu¹, Cuiping Li^1,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.9, pp. 2389-2408, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.050239 - 19 August 2024

Abstract Aiming at the consumption problems caused by the high proportion of renewable energy being connected to the distribution network, it also aims to improve the power supply reliability of the power system and reduce the operating costs of the power system. This paper proposes a two-stage planning method for distributed generation and energy storage systems that considers the hierarchical partitioning of source-storage-load. Firstly, an electrical distance structural index that comprehensively considers active power output and reactive power output is proposed to divide the distributed generation voltage regulation domain and determine the access location and number… More >

Baoge Zhang¹, Shanyan Ping^1,*, Haoliang Shi², Yi Long¹, Boxiang Wu¹, Yuemin Jiao¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.6, pp. 2347-2367, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.021693 - 14 September 2022

Abstract Renewable energy is connected to the grid through the inverter, which in turn reduces the inertia and stability of the power grid itself. The traditional grid-connected inverter does not have the function of voltage regulation and frequency regulation and can therefore no longer adapt to the new development. The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) has the function of voltage regulation and frequency regulation, which has more prominent advantages than traditional inverters. Based on the principle of VSG, the relationship between the frequency characteristics and the energy storage capacity of the feedforward branch-based virtual synchronous machine (FVSG) More >