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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Developments and Applications of Neutrosophic Theory in Civil Engineering Fields: A Review

    Zhenhan Zhang, Jun Ye*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.135, No.2, pp. 887-916, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.022961

    Abstract Neutrosophic theory can effectively and reasonably express indeterminate, inconsistent, and incomplete information. Since Smarandache proposed the neutrosophic theory in 1998, neutrosophic theory and related research have been developed and applied to many important fields. Indeterminacy and fuzziness are one of the main research issues in the field of civil engineering. Therefore, the neutrosophic theory is very suitable for modeling and applications of civil engineering fields. This review paper mainly describes the recent developments and applications of neutrosophic theory in four important research areas of civil engineering: the neutrosophic decision-making theory and applied methods, the neutrosophic evaluation methods and applications of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation on the Indeterminate Information of Rock Joint Roughness through a Neutrosophic Number Approach

    Changshuo Wang1, Liangqing Wang2,*, Shigui Du1, Jun Ye1,3, Rui Yong1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 973-991, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017453

    Abstract To better estimate the rock joint shear strength, accurately determining the rock joint roughness coefficient (JRC) is the first step faced by researchers and engineers. However, there are incomplete, imprecise, and indeterminate problems during the process of calculating the JRC. This paper proposed to investigate the indeterminate information of rock joint roughness through a neutrosophic number approach and, based on this information, reported a method to capture the incomplete, uncertain, and imprecise information of the JRC in uncertain environments. The uncertainties in the JRC determination were investigated by the regression correlations based on commonly used statistical parameters, which demonstrated the… More >

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