Match W L Ko^∗, Leo K K Leung^∗, David C C Lam^∗,†

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.9, No.4, pp. 251-268, 2012, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2012.009.251

Abstract Inter-individual differences in corneal properties are ignored in existing methods for measuring intraocular pressure IOP, a primary parameter used in screening and monitoring of glaucoma. The differences in the corneal stiffness between individuals can be more than double and this difference would lead to IOP measurement errors up to 10 mmHg. In this study, an instrumented partial-contact indentation measurement and analysis method that can account for inter-individual corneal difference in stiffness is developed. The method was tested on 12 porcine eyes ex vivo and 7 rabbit eyes in vivo, and the results were compared to the controlled IOPs to determine… More >

Ashish Das^∗, William M. Gottliebson^†,‡, Madhura Karve^∗, Rupak Banerjee^∗,§,¶

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.8, No.1, pp. 21-42, 2011, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2011.008.021

Abstract Right ventricular (RV) enlargement and pulmonary valve insufficiency (PI) are well-known, unavoidable long term sequelae encountered by patients who undergo tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) surgery. Despite their lifelong need for cardiac surveillance and occasional re-intervention, there is a paucity of numerical data characterizing blood flows in their pulmonary arteries (PA). Specifically, although PA regurgitation is well-known to be ubiquitously present in adult repaired TOF (rTOF) patients yet, there have been only limited numerical studies to fully characterize this process. The few studies available have utilized idealized, simplistic geometric models or overly simplistic boundary conditions that fail to account for flow… More >

Arthur J. Sit^*, John H.K. Liu^†

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.6, No.1, pp. 57-70, 2009, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2009.006.057

Abstract Glaucoma is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. The main risk factor for glaucoma is an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which is also the only currently treatable risk factor. Despite its importance, our understanding of IOP is incomplete and our ability to measure IOP is limited. IOP is known to undergo both random fluctuations as well as variations following a circadian pattern. In humans, IOP is highest at night and lower during the daytime, largely due to changes in body position, although other factors appear to contribute. In rabbits, IOP is also highest at night and lower… More >

A. Sinha Roy^*, K. West^†, R. S. Rontala¹, R. K. Greenberg², R. K. Banerje^1,‡

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.4, No.4, pp. 211-226, 2007, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2007.004.211

Abstract Interventional treatment of aortic aneurysms using endovascular stentgrafting is a minimally invasive technique. Following device implantation, transient drag forces act on the stentgraft. When the drag force exceeds the fixation force, complications like stentgraft migration, endoleaks and stentgraft failure occur. In such a scenario the device becomes unstable, causing concern over the long-term durability of endovascular repairs. The objective of this study is: 1) to measure the drag force on iliac limb stentgraft, having a distal diameter that is half the size of the proximal end, in an in vitro experiment; 2) to calculate the drag force using blood flow--compliant… More >

S. Deguchi^1,2, T. Ohashi², M. Sato²

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 125-134, 2005, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2005.002.125

Abstract Actin bundles in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play a critical role in transmitting intracellular forces between separate focal adhesion sites. However, quantitative descriptions of tension level in single actin bundles in a physiological condition are still poorly studied. Here, we evaluated magnitude of preexisting tension in a single actin bundle of ECs on the basis of measurements of its preexisting stretching strain and tensile properties. Cultured ECs expressing fluorescently-labeled actin were treated with detergents to extract acin bundles. One end of an actin bundle was then dislodged from the substrate by using a microneedle, resulting in a shortening of the… More >

Qianxin Wang^1,2,3, Chao Hu^1,2,*, Ya Mao^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.117, No.3, pp. 509-525, 2018, DOI:10.31614/cmes.2018.04098

Abstract Designing the optimal distribution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ground stations is crucial for determining the satellite orbit, satellite clock and Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP) at a desired precision using a limited number of stations. In this work, a new criterion for the optimal GNSS station distribution for orbit and ERP determination is proposed, named the minimum Orbit and ERP Dilution of Precision Factor (OEDOP) criterion. To quickly identify the specific station locations for the optimal station distribution on a map, a method for the rapid determination of the selected station locations is developed, which is based on the… More >

Mahesh B. Mawale¹, Abhaykumar Kuthe², Padma G. Pawane³, Sandeep W. Dahake²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 173-189, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.173

Abstract This article describes a study based on the use of an instrumented form of applanation and indentation tonometry through eyelid. The methods and devices which are available for the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) have their own limitations. These cause discomfort to the patients during IOP measurement. Also these methods, used to measure IOP over cornea, need anesthesia. In the present work, an attempt is made to develop a device for the measurement of IOP through eyelid which eliminates the need of anesthesia and enhance the patient’s comfort and convenience of the clinician. To represent the results of proposed technique,… More >

A. Balabel^1,2,3, W. A. El-askary², S. Wilson²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.95, No.6, pp. 483-499, 2013, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2013.095.483

Abstract In the present paper, the impingement of air jet on a heated flat plate subjected to a periodic oscillation is numerically and experimentally investigated. The motivation of the present research is the desire to enhance the heat transfer characteristics during the cooling process of a heated flat plate which can be found in many relevance industrial applications. In order to improve the heat transfer characteristics, a novel idea is utilized, where a periodical oscillation movement in form of sine wave produced from a Scotch yoke mechanism is applied to the heated flat plate. The obtained numerical results showed a good… More >

Binbin Diao¹, Deli Gao^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 77-90, 2013, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2013.090.077

Abstract The measurement of the relative position of two adjacent wells is one of the key technologies in the directional drilling of twin parallel horizontal wells, and the downhole intersection of two adjacent wells. A new electromagnetic ranging system and a guidance method are introduced for determining the relative position of two adjacent wells. The system mainly consists of two solenoid assemblies, improved surveying instrument for measurement while drilling (MWD), and a computational procedure for guidance. Also, the distribution of the magnetic field of each energized solenoid assembly is discussed, by regarding the solenoid assembly as two independent oscillating magnetic dipoles.… More >

N. Shishido, T. Ikeda, N. Miyazaki

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.35, No.1, pp. 1-20, 2008, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2008.035.001

Abstract We propose an image correction method that will accurately measure full-field displacement in a microstructure using the digital image correlation method (DICM); the proposed method is suitable for use with laser-scanned images. Laser scanning microscopes have higher spatial resolution and deeper depth of field than optical microscopes, but errors in laser scanning position (time-dependent distortion) affect the accuracy of the DICM. The proposed image correction method involves the removal of both time-dependant and time-independent distortions. Experimental results using images of prescribed rigid-body motions demonstrate that the proposed correction method is capable of identifying and removing both types of distortion. Specifically,… More >