Akash Kumar Gartia, S. Chakraverty^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.3, pp. 2405-2455, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.061039 - 03 March 2025

Abstract This review explores multi-directional functionally graded (MDFG) nanostructures, focusing on their material characteristics, modeling approaches, and mechanical behavior. It starts by classifying different types of functionally graded (FG) materials such as conventional, axial, bi-directional, and tri-directional, and the material distribution models like power-law, exponential, trigonometric, polynomial functions, etc. It also discusses the application of advanced size-dependent theories like Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity, nonlocal strain gradient, modified couple stress, and consistent couple stress theories, which are essential to predict the behavior of structures at small scales. The review covers the mechanical analysis of MDFG nanostructures in nanobeams,… More > Graphic Abstract

Mariam Habouria¹, Sahbi Ouertani^1,*, Noura Ben Mansour², Soufien Azzouz¹, Mohamed Taher Elaieb³

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.1, pp. 345-360, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.057387 - 26 February 2025

Abstract The aim of this paper was to characterize through experiment the moisture and temperature kinetic behavior of Eucalyptus gomphocephala wood samples using microwave heating (MWH) in two scenarios: intermittently and continuously. The mechanical properties and surface appearance of the heated samples were also investigated. Continuous and intermittent microwave drying kinetic experiments were conducted at a frequency of 2.45 GHz using a microwave laboratory oven at 300, 500, and 1000 watts. Drying rate curves indicated three distinct phases of MWH. Increasing the microwave power with a shorter drying time led to rapid increases in internal temperature and… More >

María Fernanda Cardona Lunar¹, Ramón Ordoñez², Heidi Fonseca Florido³, Joaquín Hernández-Fernández^4,5,6, Rodrigo Ortega-Toro^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 311-327, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056639 - 20 February 2025

Abstract The extensive use of polymeric materials in single-use packaging has driven the need to develop biodegradable alternatives. This study investigates the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) and Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOSO) into a gelatin matrix to create polymer films and evaluate their potential as active packaging materials. The properties of these films were evaluated using structural, thermal, mechanical, optical, and physicochemical methods to determine their suitability for food packaging applications. The results showed that GO and MOSO were homogeneously dispersed in the gelatin matrix, forming colloidal particles (around 5 µm in diameter). The addition… More > Graphic Abstract

Sachin Ghalme^1,*, Mohammad Hayat², Mahesh Harne³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 273-295, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056275 - 20 February 2025

Abstract With growing concerns for global warming and environmental issues, the research community has contributed significantly to green technology in the area of material science through the development of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPC). Polymers serve as the matrix in NFRPC, while natural fibers serve as the reinforcing materials. Demand for high-performing materials made with natural resources is growing continuously. Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites are sustainable biocomposites fabricated with natural fibers embedded with a polymer matrix. They offer a wide range of advantages, including a low weight-to-strength ratio, high flexural strength, damping properties, and resistance… More > Graphic Abstract

Mohammad Javad Bayat¹, Amin Kalhori², Kamran Asemi^1,*, Masoud Babaei³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1351-1458, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.060222 - 27 January 2025

Abstract Since the initial observation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene platelets (GPLs) in the 1990 and 2000s, the demand for high-performance structural applications and multifunctional materials has driven significant interest in composite structures reinforced with GPLs and CNTs. Incorporating these nanofillers into matrix materials markedly enhances the mechanical properties of the structures. To further improve efficiency and functionality, functionally graded (FG) distributions of CNTs and GPLs have been proposed. This study presents an extensive review of computational approaches developed to predict the global behavior of composite structural components enhanced with CNT and GPL nanofillers. The… More >

Miloš Sedak^*, Maja Rosić, Božidar Rosić

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 2111-2145, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.059319 - 27 January 2025

Abstract This paper introduces a hybrid multi-objective optimization algorithm, designated HMODESFO, which amalgamates the exploratory prowess of Differential Evolution (DE) with the rapid convergence attributes of the Sailfish Optimization (SFO) algorithm. The primary objective is to address multi-objective optimization challenges within mechanical engineering, with a specific emphasis on planetary gearbox optimization. The algorithm is equipped with the ability to dynamically select the optimal mutation operator, contingent upon an adaptive normalized population spacing parameter. The efficacy of HMODESFO has been substantiated through rigorous validation against established industry benchmarks, including a suite of Zitzler-Deb-Thiele (ZDT) and Zeb-Thiele-Laumanns-Zitzler (DTLZ) More >

Francesco Tornabene^*, Matteo Viscoti, Rossana Dimitri

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1697-1765, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.058841 - 27 January 2025

Abstract This study presents a generalized two-dimensional model for evaluating the stationary hygro-thermo-mechanical response of laminated shell structures made of advanced materials. It introduces a generalized kinematic model, enabling the assessment of arbitrary values of temperature variation and mass concentration variation for the unvaried configuration at the top and bottom surfaces. This is achieved through the Equivalent Layer-Wise description of the unknown field variable using higher-order polynomials and zigzag functions. In addition, an elastic foundation is modeled utilizing the Winkler-Pasternak theory. The fundamental equations, derived from the total free energy of the system, are solved analytically… More > Graphic Abstract

Hsien-Tsung Lu^1,2, Ching-Chi Hsu^3,*, Qi-Quan Jian³, Wei-Ting Chen⁴

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1883-1898, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.057675 - 27 January 2025

Abstract Reconstruction of a traumatic distal femur defect remains a therapeutic challenge. Bone defect implants have been proposed to substitute the bone defect, and their biomechanical performances can be analyzed via a numerical approach. However, the material assumptions for past computational human femur simulations were mainly homogeneous. Thus, this study aimed to design and analyze scaffolds for reconstructing the distal femur defect using a patient-specific finite element modeling technique. A three-dimensional finite element model of the human femur with accurate geometry and material distribution was developed using the finite element method and material mapping technique. An… More > Graphic Abstract

AUGUSTO FUSCO¹, STEFANO BONOMI^2,*, LUCA PADUA^1,2

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.1, pp. 1-5, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.058418 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Connective tissue is a dynamic structure that reacts to environmental cues to maintain homeostasis, including mechanical properties. Mechanical load influences extracellular matrix (ECM)—cell interactions and modulates cellular behavior. Mechano-regulation processes involve matrix modification and cell activation to preserve tissue function. The ECM remodeling is crucial for force transmission. Cytoskeleton components are involved in force sensing and transmission, affecting cellular adhesion, motility, and gene expression. Proper mechanical loading helps to maintain tissue health, while imbalances may lead to pathological processes. Active and passive movement, including manual mobilization, improves connective tissue elasticity, promotes ECM-cell homeostasis, and More > Graphic Abstract

Sabrina Meddah^1,2,*, Sid Ahmed Tadjer³, Abdelhakim Idir⁴, Kong Fah Tee^5,6,*, Mohamed Zinelabidine Doghmane¹, Madjid Kidouche¹

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.1, pp. 77-103, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2024.053541 - 15 November 2024

Abstract Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries, such as aerospace, nuclear, and petroleum. To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling, a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required. This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems, which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment. The study specifically investigates axial, torsional, and lateral vibrations, which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce, chaotic whirling, and high-frequency stick-slip. These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling… More >