Shi-Joon Yoo^1,2,*, Sanga Lee³, Regina de la Mora⁴, Ankavipar Saprungruang², Christoph Haller⁵, Lee N. Benson², Vladimiro Vida⁶, Alvise Guariento⁶, Christopher Z. Lam¹

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 5-23, 2022, DOI:10.32604/CHD.2022.018728

Abstract Sinus venosus defects include two varieties, superior and inferior sinus venosus defects. The superior sinus venosus defect is characterized by abnormal communication between two closely related venoatrial structures: 1) the normally positioned superior vena cava-right atrium complex and 2) the right pulmonary vein-left atrium complex that is displaced leftward, forward and upward. Inferior sinus venosus defects primarily involve the inferior vena cava-right atrial junction while the right pulmonary vein-left atrial junction can also be affected. Because of the rarity and wide variation of the defects, the morphological characterization of sinus venosus defects is inconsistent among investigators and often inaccurate. Modern… More >

Mika Saito^1,2, Dragulescu Andreea^1,2, Shi-Joon Yoo^1,2,3,*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 1-16, 2021, DOI:10.32604/CHD.2021.011694

Abstract Objective: Overriding/straddling of an atrioventricular valve is a consequence of atrial-ventricular septal malalignment. We sought to characterize the malalignment by analogizing it to a flap-door and using structured approach. Methods: The echocardiograms and magnetic resonance images of 35 patients with overriding/straddling tricuspid or mitral valve were evaluated to assess the following modifiers; the malaligned part of the septum, the reference structure, and the mechanism, direction and severity of malalignment. Results: The pathology included classic overriding tricuspid valve in 15, classic overriding mitral valve in 12, and overriding tricuspid valve with left juxtaposition of atrial appendages in 8. In classic overriding… More >