Yan Zhou^1,*, Yue Li¹, Yunxing Zhang²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.27, No.1, pp. 191-203, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.014142

Abstract Service pricing is a bottleneck in the development of innovation services, as it is the issue of most concern to the suppliers and demanders. In this paper, a negotiated pricing model that is based on the multiobjective genetic algorithm is developed for innovation services. Regarding the process of service pricing as a multiobjective problem, the objective functions which include the service price, service efficiency, and service quality for the suppliers and the demanders are constructed. Because the solution of a multiobjective problem is typically a series of alternatives, an additional negotiation process is necessary in determining the final decision. A… More >

Hongming Yang^1,*, Qian Yu¹, Xiao Huang¹, Ben Niu², Min Qi³

Energy Engineering, Vol.118, No.2, pp. 285-301, 2021, DOI:10.32604/EE.2021.013734

Abstract The two-way interaction between smart grid and customers will continuously play an important role in enhancing the overall efficiency of the green and low-carbon electric power industry and properly accommodating intermittent renewable energy resources. Thus far, the existing electricity pricing mechanisms hardly match the technical properties of smart grid; neither can they facilitate increasing end users participating in the electricity market. In this paper, several relevant models and novel methods are proposed for pricing scheme design as well as to achieve optimal decision-makings for market participants, in which the mechanisms behind are compatible with demand response operation of end users… More >

Chuanrong Wu^1,*, Huayi Yin¹, Xiaoming Yang², Zhi Lu³, Mark E. McMurtrey⁴

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.26, No.5, pp. 1173-1184, 2020, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2020.014961

Abstract Nowadays big data knowledge is being bought and sold online for market research, new product development, or other business decisions, especially when customer demands and consumer preferences knowledge for new product development are needed. Previous studies have introduced two commonly used pricing schemes for big data knowledge transactions (e.g., cloud services): Subscription pricing and pay-per-use pricing from a big data knowledge provider’s standpoint. However, few studies to date have investigated a two-part tariff pricing scheme for big data knowledge transactions, albeit this pricing scheme may increasingly attract the big data knowledge providers in this hyper-competitive market. Also, little research has… More >

Jing-Hua Zhao^1,†, Da-Lin Zeng^2,*, Ting-Wei Zhou^1,‡, Ze-Chao Zhu^1,§

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.35, No.3, pp. 151-172, 2020, DOI:10.32604/csse.2020.35.151

Abstract Given the government subsidies for new energy vehicles, this study is conducted to study the closed-loop supply chain comprising individual manufacturers, individual retailers and individual third-party recyclers. In this paper, combine the reality of new energy vehicles with the relevant research of game theory, and establish an no government subsidy model (Model N), a government subsidized consumer model (Model C), a government subsidized manufacturer model (Model M), a government subsidized third party recycler model (Model T), and a government subsidized retailer model (Model R) for quantitative research. Then, numerical examples are used to simulate the impact of government subsidies on… More >

Jing-Hua Zhao^1,†, Da-Lin Zeng^2,*, Ting-Wei Zhou^1,‡, Yan Hui^3,§, Na Sun^1,¶

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.35, No.3, pp. 127-139, 2020, DOI:10.32604/csse.2020.35.127

Abstract Based on the research hypothesis in a fully competitive closed-loop supply chain for mixed recycling channels, different closed-loop supply chain pricing models are established for the government’s strategy of adopting different subsidies (consumers, retailers, manufacturers or third-party recyclers). In this work, we use game theory to establish a price formula, and identify the factors affecting the profit of five closed-loop supply chain members. Through solution verification, the sales channel pricing, the recycling channel pricing and the channel member profit change of the closed-loop supply chain under different subsidy objects are compared after changing only one influencing factor. By providing a… More >

Haiyang Zhang¹, Guolong Chen², Xianwei Li^2,3,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.34, No.4, pp. 249-254, 2019, DOI:10.32604/csse.2019.34.249

Abstract As a new computing paradigm, cloud computing has received much attention from research and economics fields in recent years. Cloud resources can be priced according to several pricing options in cloud markets. Usage-based and reserved pricing schemes are commonly adopted by leading cloud service providers (CSPs) such as Amazon and Google. With more and more CSPs entering cloud computing markets, the pricing of cloud resources is an important issue that they need to consider. In this paper, we study how to segment cloud resources using hybrid pricing schemes in order to obtain the maximum revenue by means of optimal pricing… More >

Rafael Company¹, Vera N. Egorova², Lucas Jódar^1,*, Ferran Fuster Valls³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.124, No.2, pp. 493-508, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010208

Abstract A numerical method for American options pricing on assets under the Heston stochastic volatility model is developed. A preliminary transformation is applied to remove the mixed derivative term avoiding known numerical drawbacks and reducing computational costs. Free boundary is treated by the penalty method. Transformed nonlinear partial differential equation is solved numerically by using the method of lines. For full discretization the exponential time differencing method is used. Numerical analysis establishes the stability and positivity of the proposed method. The numerical convergence behaviour and effectiveness are investigated in extensive numerical experiments. More >

Bing Wang^1,2,*, Yao Yao¹, Liting He¹, Xiangqian Pei¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.117, No.3, pp. 111-128, 2020, DOI:10.32604/EE.2020.010474

Abstract With the huge increase in natural gas consumption, the distortion of natural gas prices, especially in the residential sector, is prominently shaped into a heavy burden for public finance. Although city gate price and a price linkage mechanism have been established, the price tolerance of residential natural gas should be considered when the price of residential gas fluctuates with the upstream gas price. Determinants of the price affordability of residential natural gas consumption at different economic development levels (Beijing, Nanjing, Zhengzhou) are investigated by field survey and online investigation and analyzed by a factor analysis and discriminant analysis. The results… More >

J.E. Lee¹and S.J. Kim²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 93-112, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2012.086.093

Abstract As the option trading nowadays has become popular, it is important to simulate efficiently large amounts of option pricings. The purpose of this paper is to show valuations of large amount of options, using network distribute computing resources. We valuated 108 options simultaneously on the self-made cluster computer system which is very inexpensive, compared to the supercomputer or the GPU adopting system. For the numerical valuations of options, we developed the option pricing software to solve the Black-Scholes partial differential equation by the finite element method. This yielded accurate values of options and the Greeks with reasonable computational times. This… More >

D. L. Young^1,2, C. P. Sun¹, L. H. Shen¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.46, No.2, pp. 129-150, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.046.129

Abstract A local differential quadrature (LDQ) method to solve the option-pricing models with stochastic volatilities is proposed. The present LDQ method is a newly developed numerical method which preserves the advantage of high-order numerical solution from the classic differential quadrature (DQ) method. The scheme also overcomes the negative effect of the ill-condition for the resultant full matrix and the sensitivity to the grid distribution. It offers a much better approach for finding the optimal order of polynomial approximation when compared to the conventional DQ method. The option-pricing problem under the stochastic volatilities is an important financial engineering topic governed by the… More >