Luke Patrick O’Connor¹, Alexander Jordan Henry², Wendy Michelle Novicoff³, Marwan Ali², Adam Seth Baumgarten⁴, Nicolas Martin Ortiz^2,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 621-626, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.065217 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Postoperative pain management after penile prosthesis (PP) has traditionally required opioid medication. Recently, urologic prosthetic surgeons have sought to establish opioid-free protocols (OFP) and/or opioid-reduced protocols (ORP) for PP postoperative pain management. We sought to investigate the adoption patterns of OFP/ORP among surgeons who perform PP surgery and identify barriers to implementation. Methods: A 13-question confidential survey was sent to members of the Sexual Medicine Society of North America (SMSNA) and the Society of Urologic Prosthetic Surgeons (SUPS) via email. The survey was administered via Qualtrics. A t-test was used to analyze survey responses. Results:… More >

Mostafa Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Alsaedy^1,*, Atef Zaki Ghalwash¹, Aliaa Abd Elhalim Yousif², Safaa Magdy Azzam¹

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.7, pp. 653-674, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2025.073547 - 24 December 2025

Abstract Mobile financial applications and payment systems face significant security challenges from reverse engineering attacks. Attackers can decompile Android Package Kit (APK) files, modify permissions, and repackage applications with malicious capabilities. This work introduces E-AAPIV (Enhanced Android Apps Permissions Integrity Verifier), an advanced framework that uses Merkle Tree technology for real-time manifest integrity verification. The proposed system constructs cryptographic Merkle Tree from AndroidManifest.xml permission structures. It establishes secure client-server connections using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Protocol (ECDH-P384) key exchange. Root hashes are encrypted with Advanced Encryption Standard-256-Galois/Counter Mode (AES-256-GCM), integrated with hardware-backed Android Keystore for enhanced security. More >

Edward Danso Ansong^*, Simon Bonsu Osei^*, Raphael Adjetey Adjei

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.7, pp. 533-564, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2025.061821 - 11 December 2025

Abstract The surge in identity fraud, driven by the rapid adoption of mobile money, internet banking, and e-services during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscores the need for robust cybersecurity solutions. Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) enable secure identity verification by allowing individuals to prove possession of a National ID card without revealing sensitive information. This study implements a ZKP-based identity verification system using Camenisch-Lysyanskaya (CL) signatures, reducing reliance on complex trusted setup ceremonies. While a trusted issuer is still required, as assumed in this work, our approach eliminates the need for broader system-wide trusted parameters. We evaluate the system’s More >

Antonio Ruggiero^1,2,*, Dario Talloa¹, Alberto Romano¹, Giorgio Attinà¹, Stefano Mastrangelo^1,2, Palma Maurizi^1,2, Tommaso Verdolotti³, Gianpiero Tamburrini^4,5, Silvia Chiesa⁶, Rina di Bonaventura⁷, Pier Paolo Mattogno⁷, Alessandro Olivi^7,8, Alessio Albanese^7,8

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3855-3867, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067948 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Background: Adult medulloblastoma (MB) represents less than 1% of central nervous system malignancies, lacking standardized therapeutic approaches due to its rarity. This retrospective single-center analysis aimed to assess survival outcomes and treatment-associated toxicities in adult MB patients managed with pediatric-derived protocols. Methods: Eighteen patients (≥18 years) with MB treated at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) (January 1997–January 2024) were analyzed. All received craniospinal radiotherapy with posterior fossa boost, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy utilizing pediatric regimens (PNET3, PNET4, PNET5, or high-risk protocols incorporating high-dose chemotherapy with autologous… More >

Abeer S. Al-Humaimeedy^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 5207-5236, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.068273 - 23 October 2025

Abstract This paper presents 3RVAV (Three-Round Voting with Advanced Validation), a novel Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus protocol combining Proof-of-Stake with a multi-phase voting mechanism. The protocol introduces three layers of randomized committee voting with distinct participant roles (Validators, Delegators, and Users), achieving -threshold approval per round through a verifiable random function (VRF)-based selection process. Our security analysis demonstrates 3RVAV provides resistance to Sybil attacks with participants and stake , while maintaining communication complexity. Experimental simulations show 3247 TPS throughput with 4-s finality, representing a 5.8× improvement over Algorand’s committee-based approach. The proposed protocol achieves approximately 4.2-s More >

Marwa Ahmim¹, Nour Ouafi¹, Insaf Ullah^2,*, Ahmed Ahmim³, Djalel Chefrour³, Reham Almukhlifi⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 5093-5116, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067641 - 23 October 2025

Abstract The Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) marks a significant breakthrough in modern medicine by enabling a new era of healthcare services. IoHT supports real-time, continuous, and personalized monitoring of patients’ health conditions. However, the security of sensitive data exchanged within IoHT remains a major concern, as the widespread connectivity and wireless nature of these systems expose them to various vulnerabilities. Potential threats include unauthorized access, device compromise, data breaches, and data alteration, all of which may compromise the confidentiality and integrity of patient information. In this paper, we provide an in-depth security analysis of LAP-IoHT,… More >

Ramadan Abdul-Rashid¹, Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman^1,*, Abdulaziz Yagoub Barnawi²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 3213-3250, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.066589 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Accurate time synchronization is fundamental to the correct and efficient operation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), especially in security-critical, time-sensitive applications. However, most existing protocols degrade substantially under malicious interference. We introduce iSTSP, an Intelligent and Secure Time Synchronization Protocol that implements a four-stage defense pipeline to ensure robust, precise synchronization even in hostile environments: (1) trust preprocessing that filters node participation using behavioral trust scoring; (2) anomaly isolation employing a lightweight autoencoder to detect and excise malicious nodes in real time; (3) reliability-weighted consensus that prioritizes high-trust nodes during time aggregation; and (4) convergence-optimized synchronization… More >

Yiming Zhang¹, Wei Zhang^1,2,*, Cong Shen³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 3185-3211, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067563 - 23 September 2025

Abstract Distributed data fusion is essential for numerous applications, yet faces significant privacy security challenges. Federated learning (FL), as a distributed machine learning paradigm, offers enhanced data privacy protection and has attracted widespread attention. Consequently, research increasingly focuses on developing more secure FL techniques. However, in real-world scenarios involving malicious entities, the accuracy of FL results is often compromised, particularly due to the threat of collusion between two servers. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an efficient and verifiable data aggregation protocol with enhanced privacy protection. After analyzing attack methods against prior schemes, we implement… More >

Michael Juma Ayuma^1,*, Shem Mbandu Angolo¹, Philemon Nthenge Kasyoka², Simon Maina Karume³

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.7, pp. 307-341, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2025.067360 - 02 September 2025

Abstract Token transmission is a fundamental component in diverse domains, including computer networks, blockchain systems, distributed architectures, financial transactions, secure communications, and identity verification. Ensuring optimal performance during transmission is essential for maintaining the efficiency of data in transit. However, persistent threats from adversarial actors continue to pose significant risks to the integrity, authenticity, and confidentiality of transmitted data. This study presents a comprehensive review of existing research on token transmission techniques, examining the roles of transmission channels, emerging trends, and the associated security and performance implications. A critical analysis is conducted to assess the strengths, More >

Deyu Lin^1,2, Yujie Zhang ², Zhiwei Hua², Jianfeng Xu^2,3,*, Yufei Zhao¹, Yong Liang Guan¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.1, pp. 1859-1882, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066283 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Energy efficiency is critical in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to the limited power supply. While clustering algorithms are commonly used to extend network lifetime, most of them focus on single-layer optimization. To this end, an Energy-efficient Cross-layer Clustering approach based on the Gini (ECCG) index theory was proposed in this paper. Specifically, a novel mechanism of Gini Index theory-based energy-efficient Cluster Head Election (GICHE) is presented based on the Gini Index and the expected energy distribution to achieve balanced energy consumption among different clusters. In addition, to improve inter-cluster energy efficiency, a Queue synchronous More >