Mamoona Jabbar, Uzma Jamil^*, Muhammad Younas, Bushra Zafar

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.147, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.080241 - 27 April 2026

Abstract Magnetic Resonance Imaging is one of the most commonly used neuro-oncology imaging modalities, which is a non-invasive mode of imaging and helps in detecting brain abnormalities in an effective way. Earlier researchers have demonstrated that brain tumor segmentation and classification can be effectively performed using deep learning techniques. Existing studies are primarily aimed at increasing prediction accuracy and provide insignificant consideration to model interpretability, limiting their practical application in clinical practice. To address this limitation, this research presents a two-stage explainable deep learning model, which combines transformer-based segmentation with an ensemble classification model that is… More >

Chunhui Tian^1,2, Weipin Xie^1,2, Wen Li², Huaiyu Gu², Xuebao Liu², Busheng Tong^1,*, Yehai Liu^1,*, Huaiyuan Zong^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077171 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), solute carrier family 16 member 1 (SLC16A1) is associated with tumor advancement and reduced sensitivity to ferroptosis, yet the molecular basis of these effects remains unclear. This study seeks to uncover how SLC16A1 contributes to HNSCC tumorigenesis. Methods: To elucidate how SLC16A1 drives HNSCC progression via ferroptosis resistance, we performed RNA sequencing on SLC16A1-knockdown HNSCC cells and controls, followed by functional validation. We next systematically assessed the role of the candidate molecule solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) in HNSCC progression and resistance to ferroptosis… More > Graphic Abstract

Nevena Todorovic^1,#, Sara Bertorello^1,#, Giulia Nannini¹, Serena Pillozzi², Simonetta Bianchi³, Maria Raffaella Ambrosio⁴, Elena Niccolai¹, Simone Baldi¹, Amedeo Amedei^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076380 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Cancer remains one of the leading global health challenges, with lung cancer (LC), breast cancer (BC), and colorectal cancer (CRC) among the most prevalent and deadly malignancies. The intratumoral microbiota (IM), a distinct microbial ecosystem within tumor tissues, has recently emerged as a potential modulator of carcinogenesis, immune responses, and metastatic progression. However, comparative cross-cancer analyses remain limited. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the IM across these cancer types, with particular emphasis on distinguishing metastatic from non-metastatic malignancies, to identify tumor-specific microbial signatures with potential relevance for biomarker discovery, patient stratification, and microbiota-informed… More >

Edward Sutanto¹, Rinni Sutanto², Sara Velichkovikj³, Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev⁴, Mitko Mladenov⁴, Dimiter Avtanski^5,6,7, Radoslav Stojchevski^5,6,8,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076157 - 22 April 2026

Abstract The rapid growth and accessibility of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have opened many avenues to revolutionize biomedical research, particularly in oncogenesis. Oncogenesis is a hallmark process in the development of cancer, involving the amplification of proto-oncogenes and the subsequent dysregulation of molecular signaling networks. These pathways—including the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-Catenin, and Notch cascades—have been studied extensively in isolation, with major strides achieved in understanding how they drive cancer. However, there are still many considerations regarding how these networks interact. Ongoing studies show that crosstalk among these pathways occurs through feedback… More >

Pengtao Hu¹, Junjie Sun¹, Jian Lu², Chunlei Ge³, Hanzhi Sun¹, Chengyu Lv^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076013 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a primary cause of poor patient prognosis, closely linked to the liver’s unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Compared to primary tumors, research on the TME of liver metastases remains insufficient. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in TME research concerning colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), emphasizing its organ-specific characteristics, pivotal role in tumor progression, and influence on treatment response. We delve into the intricate cellular components of the TME—including tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells—and non-cellular constituents such as the extracellular matrix and soluble factors. Furthermore, we explore More >

Omar Badran^1,2,*, Siraj Attarya³

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075916 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) constitutes a principal factor in the amplification of oncogenes and the progression of tumors in solid malignancies. This review synthesizes emerging mechanistic, genomic, and immunologic evidence across multiple tumor types, including glioblastoma, lung, breast, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, urothelial, prostate, gynecologic, pediatric, and head-and-neck cancers, with the goal of clarifying the role of ecDNA in immune escape and therapy resistance and outlining its translational implications for precision oncology. ecDNA comprises substantial acentromeric circular elements that serve as transcriptional hubs, modulate enhancer–promoter interactions, and undergo dynamic copy-number cycling, thereby fostering intratumoral heterogeneity and resistance to… More >

Ya-Ling Yang^1,#, Ying-Hsien Huang^2,#, Hung-Yu Lin^3,4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075284 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents with poor treatment outcomes, creating an urgent need for novel biomarkers to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and precision medicine. While the MYB family of oncogenes is implicated in cancer, the role and regulatory mechanisms of its member, particularly MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2), remain underexplored in HCC. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically validate the clinical significance of MYBL2, elucidate its functional role in tumor progression and drug sensitivity, and identify its upstream regulatory mechanisms using an integrative machine learning and experimental framework. Methods: We applied an integrative pipeline combining LASSO-based… More > Graphic Abstract

Yan Zhu^1,#, Bin Guan^1,#, Wencai Guan¹, Jihong Zhang¹, Shiyu Wang¹, Jimin Shi¹, Wei Fan¹, Qi Lu^2,3, Lingyun Zhang^4,5,*, Guoxiong Xu^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075241 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Ovarian cancer poses the greatest threat to survival among gynecologic cancers in women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in oncogenesis. The current study aimed to elucidate the function and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA KRT7-AS in ovarian cancer. Methods: The clinical significance of KRT7-AS was evaluated through bioinformatics analysis of data from public repositories. KRT7-AS expression was examined by RT-qPCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The function analyses were conducted using assays for cell proliferation, migration, invasion, wound healing, and colony formation. Assessment of cell cycle and apoptosis was performed using flow… More >

Jiangtao Yu^*, Qingfeng Huo, Xinxin Duan

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.073331 - 21 April 2026

Abstract Objectives: The tumor microenvironment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are closely linked to the progression of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, the functional mechanisms of lysine-specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B) in carcinogenesis remain incompletely understood. This study aims to clarify whether KDM6B affects DTC progression and EMT through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway, providing a potential target for clinical treatment of DTC. Methods: Tissue samples from DTC patients (n = 39) were collected, and KDM6B expression was determined through Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-Ethynyl-2^′-deoxyuridine… More > Graphic Abstract

Anna PawłOwska-ŁAchut^*, Dorota Suszczyk, Iwona Wertel

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.072104 - 21 April 2026

Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy, and it is characterized by high heterogeneity, early metastatic dissemination, and frequent recurrence within 12–18 months after primary therapy. Despite progress in clinical management and drug development, the mortality rate remains high, and the biological drivers of OC aggressiveness are not fully understood. A major contributor to therapeutic resistance and disease progression is the ovarian tumor microenvironment (TME), which supports tumor growth and immune evasion. Its complexity poses significant challenges to the development of effective therapies. Current treatments, especially in advanced or recurrent stages, have limited… More >