Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1257-1274, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025918
Abstract PCR detection, quantitative real-time PCR (q-RTPCR), outdoor insect resistance, and disease resistance identification were carried out for the detection of genetic stability and disease resistance through generations (T2, T3, and T4) in transgenic maize germplasms (S3002 and 349) containing the bivalent genes (insect resistance gene Cry1Ab13-1 and disease resistance gene NPR1) and their corresponding wild type. Results indicated that the target genes Cry1Ab13-1 and NPR1 were successfully transferred into both germplasms through tested generations; q-PCR confirmed the expression of Cry1Ab13-1 and NPR1 genes in roots, stems, and leaves of tested maize plants. In addition, S3002 and 349 bivalent gene-transformed lines… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 983-999, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025813
Abstract Deficiencies of essential vitamins, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) affect over one-half of the world’s population. A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation, but new approaches are needed, especially to reach the rural poor. Agronomic biofortification of pulses with Zn, Fe, and boron (B) offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and supplementation. Moreover, it also has positive effects on crop production as well. Therefore, we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1001-1017, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025781
Nitrogen (N), the building block of plant proteins and enzymes, is an essential macronutrient for plant functions. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different N application rates (28, 57, 85, 114, 142, 171, and 200 kg ha−1) on the performance of spring wheat (cv. Ujala-2016) during the 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 growing seasons. A control without N application was kept for comparison. Two years mean data showed optimum seed yield (5,461.3 kg ha−1) for N-application at 142 kg ha−1 whereas application of lower and higher rates of N did not result in significant and economically higher seed… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1235-1255, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025716
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Beauveria bassiana (Bb 1205) on controlling Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol 17108) in tomato plants in greenhouse conditions. Inoculation of Bb 1205 was the most promising among the agronomic variables and expression of the activity of the enzymes β-1,3-glucanases and chitinases. Inoculation of Bb 1205 occurred at a concentration of 1 × 108 conidia·mL−1, which was administered onto the leaves, directly into the soil and via injection. Infection with Fol 17108 occurred with 1 × 106 spores·mL−1, which were added directly to the soil. Spectrophotometry was used for… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1215-1233, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025625
Reclaimed water irrigation has become an effective mean to alleviate the contradiction between water availability and its consumption worldwide. In this study, three types of irrigation water sources (rural sewage’s primary treated water R1 and secondary treated water R2, and river water R3) meeting the requirements of water quality for farmland irrigation were selected, and three types of irrigation water levels (low water level W1 of 0–80 mm, medium water level W2 of 0–100 mm, and high water level W3 of 0–150 mm) were adopted to carry out research on the influence mechanismS of different irrigation water sources and water… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1109-1124, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025503
Abstract Polyamines play an important regulatory role during plant growth and development and adversity stress, and polyamine oxidase (PAO) is involved in polyamine catabolism. In this study, an up-regulated polyamine oxidase gene GmPAO1 was obtained by transcriptome sequencing analysis and screening at soybean seedling stages. Also, its expression pattern and function were analyzed. The identification results of transgenic GmPAO1 soybean positive lines showed that the relative expression level of GmPAO1 in the overexpressed lines was increased under salt stress. With increasing stress concentration, the seed germination rate decreased. However, the seed germination rate of the overexpressed lines was significantly higher than… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1037-1058, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025343
Abstract Plant species recognition is an important research area in image recognition in recent years. However, the existing plant species recognition methods have low recognition accuracy and do not meet professional requirements in terms of recognition accuracy. Therefore, ShuffleNetV2 was improved by combining the current hot concern mechanism, convolution kernel size adjustment, convolution tailoring, and CSP technology to improve the accuracy and reduce the amount of computation in this study. Six convolutional neural network models with sufficient trainable parameters were designed for differentiation learning. The SGD algorithm is used to optimize the training process to avoid overfitting or falling into the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1019-1036, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026769
Abstract Drought stress has become more common in recent years as a result of climate change impacts on the production of banana crops and other fruit trees. The growth and productivity of Musa spp are severely impacted by the gradual degradation of water resources and the erratic distribution pattern of annual precipitation amount. The aim of the work includes increased drought tolerance in light of water scarcity in the world as a result of the bananas’ being gluttonous for water needs. This investigation was carried out from 2019 to 2020 to study the effect of potassium silicate on morphological growth and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1161-1172, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026513
Abstract The beet armyworm (BAW), Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly destructive pest of vegetables and field crops. Management of beet armyworm primarily relies on synthetic pesticides, which is threatening the beneficial community and environment. Most importantly, the BAW developed resistance to synthetic pesticides with making it difficult to manage. Therefore, alternative and environment-friendly pest management tactics are urgently required. The use of pesticidal plant extracts provides an effective way for a sustainable pest management program. To evaluate the use of pesticidal plant extracts against BAW, we selected six plant species (Lantana camara, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Cymbopogon citratus, Nicotiana tabacum ,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1139-1152, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026515
Abstract Production of peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) for both local market and export is increasing each year in Egypt. Brown rot disease, caused by Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructigena, is considered one of the most important postharvest rots affecting peaches in Egypt and economic losses are increasing. Antifungal activity of glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles (GA-NPs) and glycyrrhizic acid (GA) at 0.2 and 0.4 mmol/L was investigated as a control for both these brown rot pathogens on peach fruits in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In the in vitro studies, GA-NPs were the most effective as shown by the ability… More >