Omojola Awogbemi^1,*, Daramy Vandi Von Kallon¹, Victor Sunday Aigbodion^2,3

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2217-2246, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019152

Abstract Chicken eggshell is one of the most common wastes generated from households, restaurants and other food processing outlets. Waste Chicken Eggshells (WCES) also constitutes an environmental nuisance and ends up discarded at dumping site with no consideration of further usage. The main constituent of WCES is calcium carbonate from which calcium or calcium oxide can be extracted for various applications. This current effort reviews recently published literature on the diverse applications of WCES. The considered utilization avenues include catalysts for biofuel production, construction industry, wastewater purification, industrial sector, food industry, medical, and agricultural applications. The specific areas of application apart… More > Graphic Abstract

Yuquan Yao¹, Jie Gao^2,3, Jiangang Yang^2,3,*, Bocheng Huang⁴, Liang Song⁵

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2263-2285, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018911

Abstract The shortage of natural aggregates is becoming a severe problem in the pavement industry globally. To address this issue, in this study, an effort was made to use reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and coal gangue (CG) as coarse and fine aggregate, respectively for producing the hot mix asphalt (HMA). As the replacement of natural aggregate, there were seven types of HMA containing 20% and 40% RAP coarse aggregate content, and 10% and 25% CG fine aggregate content were designed and prepared. In addition, Marshall Stability test, rutting resistance test, immersion Marshall test, freezing-thaw splitting test, moisture-induced sensitivity test, and low-temperature… More > Graphic Abstract

Hongfei Yue¹, Aiguo Fang², Sudong Hua^1,*, Zenghuan Gu³, Yu Jia¹, Cheng Yang⁴

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2247-2261, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018901

Abstract A phosphogypsum-based subgrade stabilizer (PBSS) was formulated using industrial by-product phosphogypsum (PG), mixed with slag and calcium-silicon-rich active material (GSR). The active powder (AP) was used to modify PBSS, and PBSS-AP was obtained. PBSS and PBSS-AP were each mixed with 10% silty soil, and cement and lime (CAL: 5% lime + 2% cement) were used as the traditional material for comparative experiments. Samples were cured under standard conditions, and tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS), water stability, volume expansion, and leachate, to explore the stabilization effect of the three solidified materials on silty soil. The results showed that the comprehensive… More >

Fuping Wang¹, Lele Kang¹, Rui Ji¹, Tianji Liu¹, Qing Yu¹, Di Gao¹, Xiaoman Wang¹, Yitong Wang^1,*, Jie Yang^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2099-2115, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018806

Abstract In the era of serious greenhouse gas emission and energy shortage, it is necessary to use solid waste to prepare new renewable materials. In this work, the potential application of reed straw and electric furnace dust was explored. Firstly, magnetic carbon carrier (EFD&C) was prepared by high temperature calcination, and then magnetic carbon catalyst (SM@EFD&C) was prepared by activation of sodium methoxide. The catalyst was used to prepare biodiesel by transesterification reaction to test its activity and stability. Reed biochar, EFD&C and SM@EFD&C were detected by Diffraction of X-rays (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), Scanning electron… More > Graphic Abstract

Xiya Yu¹, Nianfeng Wei², Qisong Liu², Zhiyong Wu², Mizi Fan³, Weigang Zhao^1,*, Qinzhi Zeng^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2041-2053, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018027

Abstract To improve the mechanical properties of fast-growing Chinese fir (Cunnighamia lanceolate), expand its range of application, increase its value, and avoid the environmental pollution caused by impregnation with synthetic resin, Chinese fir was impregnated with a shellac solution. Since the shellac solution was difficult to penetrate into fast-growing Chinese fir, so microwave pretreatment was used to irradiate the wood to improve the permeability. This study investigated the effects of four factors, including the content of moisture in the wood before it was microwaved, the chamber pressure of microwave, the time of microwaving and the vacuum impregnation on the mechanical properties… More > Graphic Abstract

Benoit Ndiwe^1,2,3, Antonio Pizzi^4,*, Hubert Chapuis⁵, Noel Konai⁶, Lionel Karga⁷, Pierre Girods⁴, Raidandi Danwe^6,8

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2015-2027, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019891

Abstract In this work, the thermal degradation and drying of bio-hardeners are investigated. Four bio-hardeners based on exudates of Senegalia senegal, Vachellia nilotica, Vachellia seyal, and Acacia Siebteriana were analyzed by FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis, and a desorption study was also conducted. The analysis by infrared spectroscopy indicates the existence of oligomers of different types all giving 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylfuran and 2, 5-dihydroxymethylfuran which are then the real hardening molecules. The pyrolysis of these extracts reveals three main regions of mass loss, a first region is located between 25°C and 110°C reflecting the loss of water from the adhesive and the formation of… More > Graphic Abstract

Kittithad Wonglekha^1,#, Weerachon Tolek^1,#, Okorn Mekasuwandumrong², Wasu Chaitree², Piyasan Praserthdam¹, Kiat Moon Lee³, Joongjai Panpranot^1,3,4,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2055-2072, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019680

Abstract An effect of phase compositions (rutile, Rut and anatase, Ant) of TiO₂ supports on the selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol was investigated. The 15%wt Ni/TiO₂ catalysts were prepared by incipient impregnation method. The result showed that Ni supported on anatase-rutile mixed phase TiO₂ (91% Rut and 9% Ant, A2) provided the highest furfuryl alcohol yield at 43.8% due to the relatively strong Ni-TiO₂ interaction, its appropriate crystallite sizes, and high average pore sizes. Furthermore, the effect of cobalt as a promoter on Ni/ TiO₂-A2 catalysts was studied. The result showed that the Ni-Co/TiO₂-A2 catalysts exhibited poorer catalyst performances… More > Graphic Abstract

Yongshuai Sun^1,*, Guihe Wang², Yixuan li²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2287-2302, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019660

Abstract To study the relationship between acoustic emission characteristic parameters of self-compacting concrete(SCC) and its destruction evolution, under uniaxial compression, acoustic emission(AE) tests are performed on C30 selfcompacting concrete test blocks that are preserved for 7 days and 28 days, the corresponding relationship among energy, amplitude, ring count and different failure stages of the specimens are analyzed by AE experiment, and the spatial distribution of AE in each stage is described by introducing location map. The test shows that there are two rules for the failure of SCC specimens cured for 7 days and 28 days: (1) The first failure law… More >

Biqing Shu^1,2, Lu Hong³, Suxia Li^1,4, Yupeng Tao², Jianxin Cui¹, Naiqiang Fu², Junbao Yu², Chen Li², Xiaoning Lu^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2203-2216, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019882

Abstract In this work, we used tensile tests to analyze the tangential failure forms of raw bamboo and determine a relationship between tangential tensile strength, elastic modulus, position, density, and moisture content. We found that the tangential mechanical properties of the culm wall were mainly dependent on the mechanical properties of the basic structure of the thin wall. Formulas for calculating the tangential tensile strength of moso bamboo and adjusting the moisture content were also determined. The tangential tensile strength and the tangential tensile modulus of elasticity (TTMOE) followed: outer > middle > inner, and diaphragm > bamboo node > culm… More >

Haizhu Wu^1,#, Jinxing Li^1,#, Shouhu Bao¹, Fuxian Yang¹, Jun Zhang¹, Hisham Essawy^2,*, Guanben Du¹, Xiaojian Zhou^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2029-2039, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019834

Abstract A cellular material in the form of 3-layered sandwich structure material was prepared via sole use of mechanical stirring without any use of a foaming agent, while Tween-80 was employed as a foam stabilizer via a developed in-situ mold casting. The resulting structure displayed a good appearance with no visual defects. The 3-layered composition of the sandwish structure, “nonporous resin layer-porous foam layer-nonporous resin layer”, was examined in terms of the microstructure, density & density distribution, pulverization ratio, mechanical strength, insulation and flame retardant performance. It was indicated from the results that the bonding between the resin layer and foam… More > Graphic Abstract