Jingjing Liao^1,2, Jinxing Li², Fuxian Yang², Yan Zhu², Hongyan Wang³, Guanben Du^1,2,*, Hisham Essawy⁴, Xiaojian Zhou^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 359-372, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.016335

Abstract Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based films containing Chinese bayberry tannin (BT) were prepared by cross-linking using glyoxal, glutaraldehyde and dialdehyde starch, individually. The presence of cross-linkers was evident to promote the transparency and decrease the moisture content of PVA/BT films, while the water solubility stayed almost unchanged in the cross-linked PVA/BT films. All cross-linkers provided promotion of the water vapor permeability, mechanical property and thermal stability of PVA/BT films. The best water vapor barrier capacity was found in case of glutaraldehyde cross-linked PVA/BT film, while the highest tensile strength was encountered in case of glyoxal cross-linked PVA/BT films, compared with the uncross-linked… More > Graphic Abstract

Yun Wang¹, Tiantian Wang², Bei Wang¹, Wei Chang³, Jiangli Cao¹, Lihua Hu³, Minxu Lu¹, Lei Zhang^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 301-327, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.015518

Abstract A novel and effective water-soluble aldehydes (β-HA) as corrosion inhibitor was synthesized for N80 steel corrosion in 15% HCl solution, and the corrosion inhibition performance was evaluated by using weight loss, electrochemical measurements, scanning electron microscope (SEM), quantum chemical calculation and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). The results show that synthesized β-HA showed excellent corrosion performance compared with MHB and PE for carbon steel in 15% HCl solution compared with MHB and PE, and the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency of β-HA at 8 mmol/L reached the maximum value 94.08%. The inhibitor acted as… More >

Kai Su^*, Qirui Qin, Jingyu Yang, Linxiao Li, Shaoqi Deng

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 247-261, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018146

Abstract With the increase of global proportion of soil pollution and the number of areas at risk, researchers have sought to develop various pathways to repair or relieve the pollutants in soil. Among them, biochar represents one multidimensional soil amendment which has got great deal of attention on its physicochemical properties towards the removal or mitigation of contaminants in soil. A variety of agricultural wastes like straw and manure prepared from different torrefaction process have been employed as feedstock for the production of biochar, which can be applied to the contaminated soil to facilitate the growing environment for crops, and to… More >

Ting Wang¹, Zhiqiang Wang^1,*, Yin Yang¹, Jianhui Zhou^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 527-540, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017955

Abstract The acoustic emission (AE) technique can perform non-destructive monitoring of the internal damage development of bamboo and wood materials. In this experiment, the mechanical properties of different bamboo and wood (bamboo scrimber, bamboo plywood and SPF (Spruce-pine-fir) dimension lumber) during four-point loading tests were compared. The AE activities caused by loadings were investigated through the single parameter analysis and K-means cluster analysis. Results showed that the bending strength of bamboo scrimber was 3.6 times that of bamboo plywood and 2.7 times that of SPF dimension lumber, respectively. Due to the high strength and toughness of bamboo, the AE signals of… More > Graphic Abstract

Saad Nader^1,2, Felipe Guzman³, Raphael Becar¹, César Segovia⁴, Cecilia Fuentealba³, Miguel Peirera³, Evelyne Mauret², Nicolas Brosse^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 263-271, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017923

Abstract The reinforcing impact of Lignocellulosic micro and nanofibrillated cellulose (L-MNFCs) obtained from Eucalyptus Globulus bark in Urea-Formaldehyde UF adhesive was tested. L-MNFCs were prepared by an environmentally friendly, low-cost process using a combination process involving steam explosion followed by refining and ultra-fine grinding. Obtained L-MNFCs showed a web-like morphology with some aggregates and lignin nanodroplets. They present a mixture of residual fibers and fine elements with a width varying between 5 nm to 20 μm, respectively. The effects of the addition of low amounts of L-MNFCs (1% wt.) on the properties of three different adhesives (Urea-Formaldehyde UF, Phenol-Formaldehyde PF, and Tannin-Hexamine TH)… More > Graphic Abstract

Kaihan Xie¹, Yamin Hu^1,*, Stephen Afonaa-Mensah², Chuan Yuan¹, Bin Cao¹, Shuang Wang^1,*, Qian Wang¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 541-560, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017911

Abstract Use Enteromorpha clathrate as a carbon and nitrogen precursor could obtain the N-doped porous carbon materials by two-step pyrolysis. In this paper, the exogenous nitrogen (urea, melamine) and activating agents (KOH, ZnCl₂) were employed for the production of higher-performance carbon materials from seaweed biomass. SEM, BET, FTIR, XRD, XPS, Raman and ultimate analyses were carried out to investigate the morpho-structural and elemental peculiarities of the carbonaceous materials. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry (CV) , galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and cyclic charge-discharge tests were carried out to examine the electrochemical properties of the samples. The results showed that electrochemical performance of the carbonaceous materials… More > Graphic Abstract

Hamed Younesi-Kordkheili^1,*, Antonio Pizzi²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 237-246, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017851

Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of ionic liquid treated lignin-based polyacid as a catalyst for urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins. Esterification of lignin was carried out, without any catalyst, with anhydride maleic and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [Bmim][HSO₄] as acidic ionic liquid to form maleated lignin-based polyacids (MA-IL). The performance of MA-IL as UF resin catalyst was respectively compared to hyroxymethylated lignin-based polyacid (MA-HL) and to NH₄Cl. The FTIR analysis indicated that the proportion of -COOH and C-O bonds increased due to the esterification of lignin with ionic liquid rather than its hyroxymethylation. Physicochemical tests indicated that the… More >

Assima Dauletbek¹, Haitao Li^1,2,*, Rodolfo Lorenzo³, Ileana Corbi⁴, Ottavia Corbi⁴, Mahmud Ashraf⁵

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 273-300, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017805

Abstract Over the past decade, the physical and mechanical performances of laminated bamboo lumber (LBL)–a bamboo-based structural material, have been extensively studied using experimental, analytical, and numerical approaches. This paper presents a review of existing knowledge in the literature about the mechanical properties of LBL. The paper involved the review of the response of LBL to different types of loading such as tension, bending, compression, and shear. Based on results of the literature reviewed, the strength of LBL parallel to grain was 90–124 MPa with MOE of 10700 MPa in tension, 29.55–72.60 MPa, and MOE of 8396–11022 MPa in compression, 63.87–128.4 MPa, and MOE of 8320–10912 MPa… More >

Reza Hajihassani¹, Saman Ghahri¹, Seyedeh Masoomeh Zamani², Amir Nourbakhsh^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 511-526, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017781

Abstract In this research, some practical aspects of densified wood glulam were investigated. For this aim, poplar wood specimens were densified by hygro-thermo-mechanical technique. Glulam specimens were produced by finger joint technique and polyurethane glue was used as resin. Physical and mechanical properties of glulams were investigated according to ASTM D 143-09, ASTM D 905-03 and ISO 8375 standards. Based on obtained results, using this process (steam and pressurize compaction) resulted in improvement of physical and mechanical properties of glulam specimens. Optical microscopic and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) pictures were proved structural changes on wood material during of applied technique. Generally,… More >

Rongwei Xiong^1,#, Xiufang Gao^1,2,#,*, Xinyue Tu³, Yilin Mao¹, Li Jiang¹, Lu Zheng³, Yitong Du³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 469-486, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017226

Abstract The safe and efficient disposal and utilization of sludge are major issues to be solved in solid waste treatment and environmental protection due to the complex characteristics of sludge and the low rate of innocuous treatments. Composting is a process of decomposing organic matter and transformed low-molecular organic acids into high-molecular humus substances under the action of microorganisms. Although land-use after composting has become an important direction for sludge treatment, heavy metal pollution is still the bottleneck problem restricting land use of sludge compost. Adding zeolite, hydroxyapatite, and other conditioning agents to the composting process affects the concentration or form… More >