Xing Zhou^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1623-1639, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018935

Abstract A facile method, focusing on emulsification, chain extension and dispersion process in preparing waterborne polyurethane, was developed to prepare emulsion with rod-like nanoparticles. The facile method involves a water addition procedure by in situ generated water to react with polyurethane prepolymer instead of the external water addition process. As a comparison, waterborne polyurethane was synthesized through the external water addition process. According to the characterization methods including FTIR, ¹H-NMR, TEM and water swelling experiments, it is suggested there are two kinds of hydrogen bonds interactions in hard/soft domain of the novel polyurethane, and the phase separation of hard/soft domains increases… More > Graphic Abstract

Mohammad Anwar-Us-Saadat¹, Janeshka Goonewardena², Bidur Kafle², Mahmud Ashraf^2,*, Mahbube Subhani²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1575-1606, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018919

Abstract Cross laminated timber (CLT) is an innovative and environment friendly engineered timber product with superior structural performance. CLT offers strong resistance against both in-plane and out-of-plane loading. Hence, it is widely used as floors, roofs or wall elements. Considerable experimental research on CLT under various loading conditions has been done in the recent past. This article presents a comprehensive review of various design methods to determine basic mechanical properties such as tension, compression and rolling shear strength of CLT with primary focus on Norway spruce. All relevant experimental data available from existing literature were collated and consequently been used to… More >

Jiefeng Chen¹, Lisha Ding¹, Pengyu Wang¹, Weijin Zhang², Jie Li³, Badr A. Mohamed⁴, Jie Chen¹, Songqi Leng¹, Tonggui Liu¹, Lijian Leng^2,*, Wenguang Zhou^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1555-1574, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018625

Abstract Biomass is a carbon-neutral renewable energy resource. Biochar produced from biomass pyrolysis exhibits preferable characteristics and potential for fossil fuel substitution. For time- and cost-saving, it is vital to establish predictive models to predict biochar properties. However, limited studies focused on the accurate prediction of HHV of biochar by using proximate and ultimate analysis results of various biochar. Therefore, the multi-linear regression (MLR) and the machine learning (ML) models were developed to predict the measured HHV of biochar from the experiment data of this study. In detail, 52 types of biochars were produced by pyrolysis from rice straw, pig manure,… More >

Guangjun Sun, Chuting Wang, Lu Wang^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1537-1553, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018598

Abstract To investigate the temperature field and residual bearing capacity of the sandwich wall panels with GFRP skins and a wood-web core under a fire, three sandwich walls were tested. One of them was used for static load test and the other two for the one-side fire tests. Besides, temperature probe points were set on the sandwich walls to obtain the temperature distribution. Meanwhile, the model of the sandwich wall was established in the finite element software by the method of core material stiffness equivalent. The temperature distribution and performance reduction of materials were also considered. The residual bearing capacity of… More >

Teng Yi^1,*, Shuenn-Ren Liou¹, Wen-Yih Kuo^1,2

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1753-1772, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018587

Abstract The paper investigates the second-order interactions of parameters in an alkali-activated mixture of paper production waste (PPW) and blast furnace slag (BFS) in Taguchi method. The PPW including lime mud (LM) and paper sludge (PS). This paper provides the experimental models to assess the compressive and flexural strength of them at 7-day and 28-day. The results have shown that the second-order interactions between PPW and alkali-activated activator exists in each experimental model, and the significant interactions affect the selection of optimal compositions. Compared with the interactions between the PPW themselves, the interactions between PPW and alkali-activated parameters are the main… More >

Ben Li¹, Na Li^1,*, Chulei Fang¹, Jun Hu^2,*, Rong Yu³, Longxin Shu¹, Kai Yao³, Fang Zhang¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1693-1710, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018475

Abstract In order to study the mechanical properties and micro-mechanism of industrial waste fly ash-reinforced cement calcareous sand (FCS), the triaxial unconsolidated undrained (UU) test and scanning electron microscope tests (SEM) were carried out on it. The results of UU test show that the peak stress and energy dissipation of the FCS sample first increase and then decrease with the increase in fly ash content. Fly ash enhances the cement calcareous sand by increasing both the cohesion and internal friction angle, and adding 10% content of fly ash gives the largest values. The SEM test results shows that the hydration products… More >

Jinglong Huai¹, Xiaoxue Liu^2,*, Yinhai Zhang¹, Yang Yang¹, Yan Gou¹, Li Qin¹, Jinling Shan¹, Yancheng Zheng¹, Hao Li^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1711-1726, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018474

Abstract Because of its unique pore structure, good hydrothermal stability and high specific surface area, hierarchical TS-1 zeolite (HTS-1) has become an important catalyst for the deep oxidative desulfurization of fuel oils. In this work, HTS-1 has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal crystallization method using the C-SiO₂ composite as both silicon source and mesoporous template, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide as microporous template, and tetrabutylorthotitanate as titanium source. The C-SiO₂ composite is obtained by mild carbonization of the SiO₂/T-40 (Tween 40) xerogel, which is prepared by the two step sol-gel method. The reaction conditions for the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and… More > Graphic Abstract

Lili Han^1,2, Mulian Zheng^2,*, Hongbing Guo¹, Tao Wang³, Jiajian Zhu⁴, Pouria Hajikarimi⁵

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1727-1752, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018467

Abstract Crumb rubber powder is a successfully used renewable material obtained from waste tire rubber, which has been incorporated into paving asphalt since the 1930s due to its good resistance to deformation and fatigue as well as its eco-friendly performance. In this study, carbon nanotubes and nano silica were incorporated into the terminal blend crumb rubber modified asphalt technology to remedy the issues of excessive desulfurization and degradation of ground tyre rubber with this technology. The mechanism behind the high temperature delayed elastic properties of the crumb rubber-nano-asphalt hybrids was experimentally investigated based on discrete relaxation spectrum. Development of the discrete… More >

Doudou Liu^1,*, Liang Qiao^2,3, Guozhong Li⁴

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1675-1691, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018397

Abstract Construction and demolition (C&D) waste has seriously affected the ecological environment. The utilization of C&D waste resources can greatly alleviate this problem, and it is an important way to help achieve the goal of zero carbon in 2050. In this study, insulation concrete blocks were developed with recycled aggregates, cement, fly ash as main raw materials, expanded polystyrene (EPS) insulation boards as block insulation filling material, and self-developed construction waste composite activator, interface enhancer, surface modifier and other additives. Through experimental research and performance test analysis, the best mix ratio of the product and the mechanism of each additive were… More >

Liang Song^1,2,3, Guoqiang Zhang², Hongfei Xie², Jie Gao^4,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1659-1674, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018335

Abstract Crumble rubber (CR) can be used to prepare CR and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) composite modified asphalt with a good high-and low-temperature performance, meanwhile the addition of CR could work as the substitute for SBS and help reduce the content of SBS. This study contains three main parts: effect of preparation and effect of material composition as well as rheological performance characterization. Factors during the preparation, including shearing temperature, shearing time, mixing time and swelling time, were selected, while base binder, CR content, CR particle size and SBS content in material composition were considered. The effects of these factors were assessed in… More >