Yuting Luan¹, Cong Xu¹, Xiaoxiao Wang¹, Daqiu Zhao¹, Jun Tao^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 1045-1059, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018767

Abstract The definition of relatively stable expressed internal reference genes is essential in both traditional blotting quantification and as a modern data quantitative strategy. Appropriate internal reference genes can accurately standardize the expression abundance of target genes to avoid serious experimental errors. In this study, the expression profiles of ten candidate genes, ACT1, ACT2, GAPDH, eIF1, eIF2, α-TUB, β-TUB, TBP, RNA Pol II and RP II, were calculated for a suitable reference gene selection in Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang leaves under various drought stress conditions. Data were processed by the four regularly used evaluation software. A comprehensive… More >

Ekhlaque A. Khan^1,2,*, Hamdino M. I. Ahmed³, Meena Misra¹, Pallavi Sharma^1,4, Amarendra N. Misra¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 959-973, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018708

Abstract Cadmium (Cd), a life threatening hazardous heavy metal is abundant in nature. Cd amounts are greater in leaves than other plant parts, and it shows considerable effects on photosynthesis. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical present in living organisms, is now known as an important signaling molecule playing various physiological processes in plants. In this study, the possible ameliorative effect of NO on photosynthesis was examined on pea seedlings grown under Cd stress. Results showed that chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photochemical efficiency of Photosystem II and Photosystem I decreased, and Fo and non-photochemical parameters for PSII… More >

Yujia Leng^1,#, Shuilian Wang^1,2,3,#, Ruoan Wang^2,#, Tao Tao¹, Shuwen Jia^1,2, Tao Song^2,3, Lina Xu^1,2, Xiuling Cai^1,2, Sukui Jin^1,2,*, Jiping Gao^1,2,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 943-958, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018707

Abstract Grain size traits are critical agronomic traits which directly determine grain yield, but the genetic bases of these traits are still not well understood. In this study, a total of 154 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) population derived from a cross between a japonica variety Koshihikari and an indica variety Nona Bokra was used to investigate grain length (GL), grain width (GW), length-width ratio (LWR), grain perimeter (GP), grain area (GA), and thousand grain weight (TGW) under four environments. QTL mapping analysis of six grain size traits was performed by QTL IciMapping 4.2 with an inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM)… More >

Misbah Naz¹, Rubab Shabbir^2,17, Krishan K. Verma³, Anshu Rastogi⁴, Vishnu D. Rajput⁵, Talha Javed^2,6, Muhammad Ammar Raza⁷, Kainat Asif⁸, Muhammad Aamir Iqbal⁹, Muhammad Imran¹⁰, Mohammad Sohidul Islam¹¹, Khalid Rehman Hakeem^12,13,*, Mehmet Firat Baran¹⁴, Ayman EL Sabagh^15,16,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 915-927, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018688

Abstract

Under changing climate, trace elements like selenium (Se) have emerged as vital constituent of agro-ecosystems enabling crop plants to off-set the adverse effects of suboptimal growth conditions. The available form of selenium is important for boosting its bioavailability to crop plants having varied agro-botanical traits and root architectural systems. As compared to selenite, the selenate has a weaker soil bonding, higher absorption in the soil solution which results in a comparatively absorption by plant roots. Various factors including dry climate, high pH, optimal ambient air temperature, less accumulation of water, and low concentration of organic matter in the soil tend… More >

J. David García-Ortíz¹, Rebeca González-Centeno¹, María Alejandra Torres-Tapia², J. A. Ascacio-Valdés¹, José Espinoza-Velázquez², Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 929-941, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018368

Abstract Because of the growing worldwide demand for maize grain, new alternatives have been sought for breeding of this cereal, e.g., development of polyembryonic varieties, which agronomic performance could positively impact the grain yield per unit area, and nutritional quality. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the phytochemicals present in the embryo and endosperm of grain from maize families with high, low, and null polyembryony frequency, which were planted at different locations, and (2) state the relationship between these compounds and seed germination. The extracted phytochemicals from corn were identified by HPLC-MS. The results showed that the genotype… More >

Nada M. Mostafa^1,5,#, Muhammad I. Ismail^2,#, Amr M. El-Araby³, Dina M. Bahgat¹, Ahmed M. Elissawy^1,5, Ahmed M. Mostafa⁴, Omayma A. Eldahshan^1,5,*, Abdel Nasser B. Singab^1,5,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 1089-1104, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018239

Abstract Coronaviruses caused an outbreak pandemic disease characterized by a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to the infection of more than 200 million patients and the death of more than 4 million individuals. The primary treatment is either supportive or symptomatic. Natural products have an important role in the development of various drugs. Thus, screening of natural compounds with reported antiviral activities can lead to the discovery of potential inhibitory entities against coronaviruses. In the current study, an in-silico molecular docking experiment was conducted on the effects of some of these natural antiviral phytoconstituents, (e.g., procyanidin B2, theaflavin, quercetin, ellagic… More >

Eduardo-Antonio Trillo-Hernández¹, Arturo Duarte Sierra², Martín Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 905-913, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018118

Abstract

The interaction between the nucleus and the different organelles is important in the physiology of the plant. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a by-product of the oxidation of organic molecules to obtain energy by the need to carry out the electron transfer between the different enzymatic complexes. However, they also have a role in the generation of what is known as retrograde signaling. This signal comes from the different organelles in which the oxidation of molecules or the electron transference is taking place such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. Furthermore, ROS can also induce the release of signals from the apoplast.… More >

Abdallah Atia^1,2,*, Ahmed Abdallah Hussain^3,4, Barhoumi Zouhaier^3,5

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 1015-1026, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017778

Abstract Avicenna marina (Forssk.) Vierh is a halophytic mangrove. The reproductive unit is green and has photosynthetic propagules. Mangroves are naturally exposed to fluctuations in some abiotic factors at the soil surface, including salinity and alkalinity. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of two salts including NaCl and NaHCO₃ on germination processes and discuss the relationships between cotyledon photosynthesis and embryo axis growth in A. marina propagules. These propagules came from Al Birk, located on the shoreline of the Saudi Red Sea. The results showed that the studied salts did not affect neither the final germination percentage… More >

Jinhai Liu^1,2,3,#, Rifang Lai^1,2,3,#, Longxin He^1,2,3, Pipeng Xing^1,2,3, Haowen Luo^1,2,3, Shuying Yang⁴, Yingbin Zou⁴, Xiangru Tang^1,2,3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 1061-1071, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017634

Abstract Brassinolide (BR) is a new green plant growth regulator. The present field study was conducted on two fragrant rice cultivars (i.e., Meixiangzhan-2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan) to study the effects of foliar application of BR on fragrant rice performance. At the heading stage, BR solutions at 0.05, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1 were sprayed on fragrant rice at 600 liters per hectare; these treatments were named as BR1, BR2, BR3 and BR4, respectively. The treatment sprayed with distilled water was taken as a control (CK). Compared with CK, the BR2 treatment significantly enhanced the chlorophyll concentration and net photosynthetic rate for… More >

Ayda Khadhri¹, Chedia Aouadhi², Eric Masson³, Antonio Pizzi^4,5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.6, pp. 1607-1621, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018950

Abstract Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium are medicinal and aromatic plants with ethnobotanical uses. The present study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium essential oils, the secondary metabolites, and the biological activities of their infusion and methanolic (MeOH) extracts. Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from shoots Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium. Phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were determined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results showed the presence of significant qualitative and quantitative variations for the composition of the both essential oils (EO). Salvia microphylla EO were most complex and present 70 compounds with… More >