Open Access
ARTICLE
SPAG9 promotes prostate cancer growth and metastasis
Chunhua YANG1,2,3, Ye TIAN1,2,3
1
Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
2
Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
3
Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
* Address correspondence to: Ye Tian,
BIOCELL 2019, 43(3), 207-214. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2019.07258
Abstract
Sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) expression is increased in prostate tissues of prostate cancer
patients. This experimental study aimed to investigate the role of SPAG9 in bone metastasis of prostate cancer.
Immunohistochemical analysis showed that SPAG9 staining was positive in 81.67% of 240 cases of prostatic carcinoma
but only in 6.67% of 120 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia. Strong PAG9 staining was positively correlated with
Gleason score and bone metastasis in 240 prostate cancer patients (
p < 0.05), but not with the age or serum prostatespecific antigen level (
p > 0.05). PC-3 cells were transfected with shRNA against SPAG9, and CCK-8 assay in triplicate
showed that PC-3 cell viability was inhibited by SPAG9 knockdown. In addition, transwell assay in triplicate showed
that PC-3 cell invasion was inhibited by SPAG9 knockdown. Furthermore, total 2 × 106 PC-3 cells were injected
subcutaneously into the right flank of nude mice which were randomly divided into three groups (N = 8) and treated
by intratumoral injection of SPAG9 shRNA, control shRNA or PBS, respectively. SPAG9 shRNA inhibited the
growth, invasion and angiogenesis while promoted apoptosis of xenografted PC-3 cells. SPAG9 knockdown led to the
upregulation of E-cadherin and the downregulation of MMP2 and vimentin in xenografted tumors. In conclusion,
this is the first study to provide evidence that SPAG9 promotes bone metastasis of prostate cancer, and SPAG9 is a
promising target to prevent or treat bone metastasis of prostate cancer.
Keywords
Cite This Article
YANG, C., TIAN, Y. (2019). SPAG9 promotes prostate cancer growth and metastasis.
BIOCELL, 43(3), 207–214. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2019.07258