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Ensemble Deep Learning Framework for Situational Aspects-Based Annotation and Classification of International Student’s Tweets during COVID-19

Shabir Hussain1, Muhammad Ayoub2, Yang Yu1, Junaid Abdul Wahid1, Akmal Khan3, Dietmar P. F. Moller4, Hou Weiyan1,*

1 School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
2 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
3 Department of Data Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
4 Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany

* Corresponding Author: Hou Weiyan. Email: email

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023, 75(3), 5355-5377. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.036779

Abstract

As the COVID-19 pandemic swept the globe, social media platforms became an essential source of information and communication for many. International students, particularly, turned to Twitter to express their struggles and hardships during this difficult time. To better understand the sentiments and experiences of these international students, we developed the Situational Aspect-Based Annotation and Classification (SABAC) text mining framework. This framework uses a three-layer approach, combining baseline Deep Learning (DL) models with Machine Learning (ML) models as meta-classifiers to accurately predict the sentiments and aspects expressed in tweets from our collected Student-COVID-19 dataset. Using the proposed aspect2class annotation algorithm, we labeled bulk unlabeled tweets according to their contained aspect terms. However, we also recognized the challenges of reducing data’s high dimensionality and sparsity to improve performance and annotation on unlabeled datasets. To address this issue, we proposed the Volatile Stopwords Filtering (VSF) technique to reduce sparsity and enhance classifier performance. The resulting Student-COVID Twitter dataset achieved a sophisticated accuracy of 93.21% when using the random forest as a meta-classifier. Through testing on three benchmark datasets, we found that the SABAC ensemble framework performed exceptionally well. Our findings showed that international students during the pandemic faced various issues, including stress, uncertainty, health concerns, financial stress, and difficulties with online classes and returning to school. By analyzing and summarizing these annotated tweets, decision-makers can better understand and address the real-time problems international students face during the ongoing pandemic.

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APA Style
Hussain, S., Ayoub, M., Yu, Y., Wahid, J.A., Khan, A. et al. (2023). Ensemble deep learning framework for situational aspects-based annotation and classification of international student’s tweets during COVID-19. Computers, Materials & Continua, 75(3), 5355-5377. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.036779
Vancouver Style
Hussain S, Ayoub M, Yu Y, Wahid JA, Khan A, Moller DPF, et al. Ensemble deep learning framework for situational aspects-based annotation and classification of international student’s tweets during COVID-19. Comput Mater Contin. 2023;75(3):5355-5377 https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.036779
IEEE Style
S. Hussain et al., “Ensemble Deep Learning Framework for Situational Aspects-Based Annotation and Classification of International Student’s Tweets during COVID-19,” Comput. Mater. Contin., vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 5355-5377, 2023. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.036779



cc Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Tech Science Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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