Open Access

ARTICLE

Cooperative Game Theory-Based Optimal Scheduling Strategy for Microgrid Alliances

Zhiyuan Zhang¹, Meng Shuai², Bin Wang¹, Ying He³, Fan Yang¹, Liyan Ren^4,*, Yuyuan Zhang⁴, Ziren Wang⁴

1 Development Planning Department, State Grid Beijing Mentougou Power Supply Company, Beijing, 102300, China
2 Department of Science and Technology, State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing, 102300, China
3 Party Building Department of the Party Committee, State Grid Beijing Mentougou Power Supply Company, Beijing, 102300, China
4 School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, China

* Corresponding Author: Liyan Ren. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Emerging Technologies for Future Smart Grids)

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(10), 4169-4194. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.066793

Received 17 April 2025; Accepted 03 June 2025; Issue published 30 September 2025

Abstract

With the rapid development of renewable energy, the Microgrid Coalition (MGC) has become an important approach to improving energy utilization efficiency and economic performance. To address the operational optimization problem in multi-microgrid cooperation, a cooperative game strategy based on the Nash bargaining model is proposed, aiming to enable collaboration among microgrids to maximize overall benefits while considering energy trading and cost optimization. First, each microgrid is regarded as a game participant, and a multi-microgrid cooperative game model based on Nash bargaining theory is constructed, targeting the minimization of total operational cost under constraints such as power balance and energy storage limits. Second, the Nash bargaining solution is introduced as the benefit allocation scheme to ensure individual rationality and coalition stability. Finally, the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) is employed to decompose the centralized optimization problem into distributed subproblems for iterative solution, thereby reducing communication burden and protecting privacy. Case studies reveal that the operational costs of the three microgrids are reduced by 26.28%, 19.00%, and 17.19%, respectively, and the overall renewable energy consumption rate is improved by approximately 66.11%.

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Keywords

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