Open Access

REVIEW

Innovative Research on the Interconnection of C-V2X Technology and Hydrogen Refueling Stations

Wang Gu¹, Yuanyuan Song², Zhihu Zhang³, Minggang Zheng^1,*

1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
2 Shandong Zhengchen Technology Company Ltd., Jinan, 250101, China
3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China

* Corresponding Author: Minggang Zheng. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Energy Transition in the Transport Sector: Challenges and Opportunities)

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(12), 4837-4856. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.069529

Received 25 June 2025; Accepted 25 July 2025; Issue published 27 November 2025

Abstract

Driven by the global “dual-carbon” goals, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are being rapidly promoted as a zero-emission transportation solution. However, their large-scale application is constrained by issues such as inefficient operation, poor information flow between vehicles and stations, and potential safety hazards, which are caused by insufficient intelligence of hydrogen refueling stations. This study aims to address these problems by deeply integrating Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology with hydrogen refueling stations, thereby building a safe, efficient, and low-carbon hydrogen energy application ecosystem to promote the global transition to zero-carbon transportation. Firstly, through literature review and technical analysis, this study expounds on the core technologies and process flows of current hydrogen refueling stations, as well as the technical architecture and development evolution of C-V2X technology. Then, based on the analysis of relevant literature, it proposes a “vehicle-road-station-cloud” collaborative architecture that integrates C-V2X with hydrogen refueling stations. Combined with 5G communication and big data technologies, it elaborates on the implementation path for achieving real-time data interaction among hydrogen refueling stations, hydrogen-powered vehicles, and road infrastructure. This interconnection mode enables hydrogen refueling stations to obtain real-time information of surrounding vehicles, which plays an important role in building a safe, efficient, and low-carbon hydrogen energy application ecosystem and promoting the global transition to zero-carbon transportation. Finally, the future development prospects and potential of this scheme are put forward.

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