Open Access
ARTICLE
The Numerical Simulation of Nanofluid Flow in Complex Channels with Flexible Wall
Amal A. Harbood*, Hameed K. Hamzah, Hatem H. Obeid
Mechanical Engineering Department, Babylon University, Hillah City, Iraq
* Corresponding Author: Amal A. Harbood. Email:
Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2023, 21, 293-315. https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2023.01518
Received 26 February 2023; Accepted 16 May 2023; Issue published 30 November 2023
Abstract
The current work seeks to examine numerical heat transfer by using a complicated channel with a trapezoid shape
hanging in the channel. This channel demonstrates two-dimensional laminar flow, forced convective flow, and
incompressible flow. To explore the behavior of heat transfer in complex channels, several parameters, such as the
constant Prandtl number (Pr = 6.9), volume fraction (ϕ) equal to (0.02 to 0.04), Cauchy number (Ca) equal to
(10
−4 to 10
−8), and Reynolds number equal to (60 to 160) were utilized. At the complex channel, different elastic
walls are used in different locations, with case A being devoid of an elastic wall, cases B and C each having three
elastic walls before and after the trapezoid shape, respectively, and case D having six elastic walls. The geometry
of a complicated channel with varying L2/H2 and B/H2 ratios is investigated. The trouble was solved using the
FEM with the ALE technique. The results showed that the best case with an elastic wall is reached for B/H2 = 0.8
and L2/H2 = 3. When compared to the channel without a flexible wall in case A, the highest reading for Nusselt
was recorded at case C with a percentage of 34.5 percent, followed by case B (31.4 percent) and then case D (21.5
percent). It also has the highest Nusselt number reading at Ca = 10
−4 and Re = 160, or about 6.4 when compared
to Ca = 10
−5 and Ca = 10
−8. In case A, △P increases as the Re grows; however, in cases B and C, the △P reduces
as the Re increases, but in case D, the △P increases with increasing Re.
Keywords
Cite This Article
APA Style
Harbood, A.A., Hamzah, H.K., Obeid, H.H. (2023). The numerical simulation of nanofluid flow in complex channels with flexible wall. Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, 21(1), 293-315. https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2023.01518
Vancouver Style
Harbood AA, Hamzah HK, Obeid HH. The numerical simulation of nanofluid flow in complex channels with flexible wall. Front Heat Mass Transf. 2023;21(1):293-315 https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2023.01518
IEEE Style
A.A. Harbood, H.K. Hamzah, and H.H. Obeid "The Numerical Simulation of Nanofluid Flow in Complex Channels with Flexible Wall," Front. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 293-315. 2023. https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2023.01518