Open Access

ARTICLE

Aphicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Salvia rosmarinus Essential Oil and Its Major Compound, 1,8-Cineole

Ghizlane Houzi¹, Aimad Allali^2,3,*, Amine Elbouzidi^4,*, Mohamed Taibi⁴, Mohamed Chebaibi^3,5, Ben Khada Zineb⁶, Ramzi A. Mothana⁷, Mohammed F. Hawwal⁷, Rachid Flouchi^3,8, Abdeslam Asehraou⁹, Amal Lahkimi², Soad Khal-Layoun¹

1 Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
2 Laboratory of Engineering, Molecular Organometallic Materials and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
3 Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Fez, 30000, Morocco
4 UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, 80000, France
5 Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
6 Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
7 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
8 Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
9 Laboratoire de Bioressources, Biotechnologie, Ethnopharmacologie et Santé (LBBES), Faculté des Sciences d’Oujda (FSO), Université Mohammed Premier (UMP), Bd Mohamed VI BP 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco

* Corresponding Authors: Aimad Allali. Email: ; Amine Elbouzidi. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Biological Activities of Essential Oils)

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025, 94(4), 1239-1251. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2025.063021

Received 02 January 2025; Accepted 11 March 2025; Issue published 30 April 2025

Abstract

This work uses GC-MS to analyze the bioactive compounds of Salvia rosmarinus essential oils (SREO) and evaluates their antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal effects, as well as the major component, 1,8-cineole. Chemical analysis identified 16 compounds accounting for 99.19% of the oil’s total content, with 1,8-cineole (33.17%), camphor (16.53%), α-pinene (14.46%), and camphene (8.14%) as the major constituents. Antimicrobial activities were assessed against pathogenic strains using minimal inhibit concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. SREO exhibited a minimum MIC of 0.128% against P. aeruginosa, while 1,8-cineole showed a minimum MIC of 2.06% against the same strain, highlighting the higher efficacy of the complete oil compared to the isolated compound. Conversely, for antifungal activity, 1,8-cineole displayed a lower MIC (2.06%) against A. niger and P. digitatum compared to SREO (4.125% against A. niger). Regarding aphicidal activity, results demonstrated the lethal effects of SREO on M. persicae, with an even more pronounced impact observed for 1,8-cineole. At one dose of 40 μL/L air, SREO and 1,8-cineole resulted in 100% insect mortality within 24 h of exposure. After 12 h of exposure to SREO at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40 μL/L air, the mortality rates were 20%, 36.67%, 70%, and 93.33%. 1,8-cineole showed maximum efficacy, achieving complete (100%) mortality within 12 h at 40 μL/L air.

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Keywords

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