Kiehr M¹, R Delhey¹, A Azpilicueta²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 161-164, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.161

Abstract While studying the etiology of onion diseases in southern Argentina, a coelomycetous fungus was found associated with diverse disease expressions. They included the typical smudge symptoms in white onion bulbs in local markets as well as field infections on yellow- and red-coloured cultivars, with severe infections on transplants in the seed-bed. The fungus was isolated and identified as Colletotrichum circinans on the basis of its morphological, morphometric, biological and pathological characteristics. Two isolates, obtained from white bulbs and from transplants, were inoculated on bulbs of white and yellow-coloured cultivars and produced the typical smudge symptoms on the outer scales. Koch´s… More >

Dhyani A¹, BP Nautiyal², MC Nautiyal¹, MC Rivera³, D Prasad⁴, KP Singh⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 157-159, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.157

Abstract Lilium polyphyllum is a critically endangered herb in the wilds of Uttarakhand, India. Gray mold appeared as a new disease on this species from July to August (2008-2009) causing death of inflorescences and shoots. Botrytis cinerea was consistently isolated on PDA, from infected inflorescences. Pathogenicity was established by inoculation of potted plants of L. polyphyllum in a glasshouse. Botrytis cinerea was recorded as a gray mold pathogen on L. polyphyllum for the first time in India, causing flower and shoot blight. This disease may seriously affect reproductive stages of this endangered host. To our knowledge, B. cinerea had not been… More >

Castro-Nava S¹, J Ortiz-Cereceres^2,†, M del C Mendoza-Castillo², AJ Huerta³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 149-156, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.149

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of drought classification criteria that we previously reported for our grain sorghum genotypes. Two tolerant genotypes of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (UAT-124 and UAT-152) and one susceptible (UAT-30) were subjected to drought under greenhouse conditions at either panicle initiation, flag leaf, or flowering. Results showed that the effects of drought depended on when drought stress occurred during development. Biomass of the three sorghum genotypes was significantly reduced at the flag leaf stage (48%) by drought stress, but the greatest reduction occurred in the susceptible genotype UAT-30 (71%). Results… More >

Escalante-González JG¹, EA García-Zambrano², A Gutiérrez-Diez², RE Vázquez-Alvarado², JA Torres-Castillo², SR Sinagawa-García², F Zavala-García², J Martínez-de la Cerda², C Gallegos-Vázquez³, JI García-Zambrano⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 143-148, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.143

Abstract The objective of this research was to increase the genetic diversity of the Nopal Germplasm Bank of the FAUANL using RAPD molecular markers to estimate the genetic diversity of 15 accessions of cactus pear from molecular markers recorded in the Bank. DNA extraction was performed by the method of cellular ruptor using FastDNA^® Kit. Performance measurement of DNA was carried out through Picoflour. It was observed that the DNA concentrations ranged from 74.91 ng/µL to 12.32 ng/uL. Twelve primers were used to generate from 1 to 5 bands per primer with a molecular weight ranging from 200 to 1000 bp.… More >

Simonetti E¹, E Alba², A Delibes²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 139-142, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.139

Abstract In a previous work, deduced amino acid sequences from twenty wheat peroxidase genes were assigned to seven groups designated as TaPrx108 to TaPrx114. Some of these apoplastic peroxidases have previously shown to play different roles in the plant defense responses to infection by the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae. In the present study, PCR marker analysis using Sears’s aneuploid wheat lines cv. ‘Chinese Spring’ was used to locate four genes encoding peroxidase isozymes. The TaPrx111-A, TaPrx112-D and TaPrx113-F genes were located on the short arm of chromosome 2B and the TaPrx109-C on the long arm of chromosome 1B. These results… More >

Hernández-León R¹, M Martínez-Trujillo², E Valencia-Cantero¹, G Santoyo¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 133-137, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.133

Abstract Rhizospheric soil of wheat plants contains a high diversity of microorganisms, and therefore, comprises a large reservoir for discovering genes with diverse agro-biotechnological applications. In this work, we constructed an E. coli metagenomic library based on bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones with large genomic inserts from metagenomic DNA from the rhizosphere of wheat plants. The average of the DNA cloned segments varies from 5 to 80 kb, with an average size of 38 kb. Random clones were end-sequenced and homology results showed that the clonation of metagenomic DNA codes mainly for metabolic and catalytic functions (40%), including amidohydrolase, hydrolase, peptidase,… More >

Borghi ML¹, MA Ibañez¹, NC Bonamico¹, MV Kandus², D Almorza Gomar³, EA Guillin², JC Salerno², MA Di Renzo¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 123-131, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.123

Abstract Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) disease is a significant threat to corn production in Argentina. Sixty six hybrid combinations derived from the cross of twelve flint maize (Zea mays L) inbred lines were evaluated using a completely randomized block design with two replications. MRC disease severity grade (SG) and grain yield (GY) were the analyzed traits. Our objectives were to estimate the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities for these traits among twelve corn inbred lines, and to identify potential heterotic relationships among them. Diallel crosses were performed and these results were compared using Griffing’s method 2 model I… More >

Flores-Naveda A, CGS Valdés-Lozano, WL Rooney, E Olivares-Sáenz, F Zavala-García, A Gutiérrez-Díez, ME Vázquez-Badillo

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 113-122, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.113

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate, under irrigation and limited irrigation, the grain yield of 40 F7 sorghum lines (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) selected by tolerance to drought in the Facultad de Agronomía at the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (FAUANL) in Marín, Nuevo León, Mexico. Studies were conducted in College Station, Texas in the cycle Autumn-Winter 2011, and in Lubbock, Texas in the growing cycle Spring-Summer 2011. The 40 sorghum lines were divided into two groups of 20 genotypes each to integrate two experiments, and five more experimental lines and a commercial hybrid as a control. Thereafter,… More >

Tshisikhawe MP, O Baloyi, MH Ligavha-Mbelengwa, RB Bhat

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 107-112, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.107

Abstract Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen., commonly known as the violet tree, belongs to the family Polygalaceae. It is widely distributed in tropical Africa, Mozambique, as well as in the North- West and Limpopo provinces of South Africa. The Vhavenda people use the roots of this species as an aphrodisiac. The species is co-dominant in the savanna vegetation of the Nylsvley Nature Reserve. This research looked at the ecology of the study species within the Nylsvley Nature Reserve because of its importance there. Understanding the population structure and environmental factors that impact on the species might help in assessing the population in urban… More >

Vargas-Bejarano E, V Méndez-Trujillo, JC Vázquez Angulo, D González-Mendoza, O Grimaldo Juarez

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 101-105, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.101

Abstract We performed the inoculation of transgenic cotton seedlings with Trichoderma sp. strain ICA 4 to evaluate its effects on the physiological development of seedlings. Inoculated seedlings of transgenic cotton had higher development than non-inoculated seedlings. The range of values for relative growth, doubling time, height and number of leaves (0.04 g/g d; 16.88 days; 17.16 cm and 4.2, respectively) were significantly higher that those observed in non-inoculated plants (0.03 g/g day; 24.38 days; 12.33 cm and 2.6, respectively). Regarding radical architecture, inoculated seedlings with Trichoderma strain ICA 4 showed a higher percentage of roots of 2^nd (46%), 3^rd (73%) and… More >