Jazmín Montserrat Gaucin-Delgado¹, Cristian Oswaldo Solis-López², Pablo Preciado-Rangel³, Bernardo Espinosa-Palomeque⁴, Francisco Gerardo Veliz-Deras², Viridiana Contreras-Villarreal², Ricardo Israel Ramírez-Gottfried^5,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.12, pp. 3961-3973, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.072536 - 29 December 2025

Abstract Selenium (Se) deficiency is a global health problem affecting more than 500 million people; crop biofortification is a sustainable strategy for its mitigation. This study investigated the effect of the application of selenate nanoparticles (SeO₄²⁻) and the combination of selenate (SeO₄²⁻) and chitosan (CS) (forming a SeO₄²⁻-CS complex) on the antioxidant profile, growth, biomass, bioactive compounds, enzymes, and Se accumulation of wheat (Triticum spp.) sprouts. Fourteen treatments were applied using a factorial design combining seven concentrations and two formulations: SeO₄²⁻ and SeO₄²⁻-CS. It was identified that chitosan increased Se uptake efficiency by 30% versus conventional selenate. The optimal… More >

Nada Zaari Jabri¹, Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar^1,*, Fadoua Mekkaoui¹, Najwa Rabah¹, Ilham Amghar¹, Ghizlane Diria², Abdelaziz Hmyene¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.11, pp. 3687-3701, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.071634 - 01 December 2025

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a major environmental stressor that adversely affects crop germination and early development. This study assessed the impact of increasing Cd concentrations (0.125 to 1 g/L) on seed germination and early seedling growth in three bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars: Achtar, Lina, and Snina. The results revealed a clear dose-dependent inhibitory effect of Cd. Germination percentage (GP) significantly declined with increasing Cd levels, while mean germination time was progressively delayed, particularly at higher concentrations. Vigor index (VI) also showed significant reductions, reflecting compromised seedling establishment. Morphological traits, especially shoot and root lengths,… More >

S. Y. Labonno, M. S. Raihan, M. Mohi-Ud-Din, A. K. M. Aminul Islam^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.5, pp. 1545-1563, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063916 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Morpho-physiological evaluation of a crop’s genetic resources is necessary to find possible genotypes to include in breeding initiatives. The objective of this study was to identify heat-tolerant wheat genotypes among36 mutant lines using morpho-physiological indices. Seedlings of mutant lines and check varieties were grown under both normal (control) and heat-stress conditions in growth chambers. Data were recorded on root-shoot parameters (length, fresh weight, dry weight, and ratio), relative water content (RWC), stability of cell membrane, pigment content, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Two-way analysis of variance showed significant (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) variation among15 morpho-physiological features… More >

Yunhong Zhang^1,2,*, Yonghui Yang^1,2, Jiawei Mao^1,2

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 185-212, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.046811 - 27 February 2024

Abstract Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) enhance drought resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), but the definite mechanisms remain largely unknown. The physiological and transcriptome responses of wheat seedlings treated with AOS were analyzed under drought stress simulated with polyethylene glycol-6000. The results showed that AOS promoted the growth of wheat seedlings and reduced oxidative damage by improving peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities under drought stress. A total of 10,064 and 15,208 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) obtained from the AOS treatment and control samples at 24 and 72 h after dehydration, respectively, were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of… More >

Muhammad Rafiq¹, Muhammad Saqib^1,*, Husnain Jawad¹, Talha Javed², Sadam Hussain^3,*, Muhammad Arif¹, Baber Ali⁴, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi⁵, Ghulam Abbas¹, Marjan Aziz⁶, Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon⁷, Aneela Gulnaz⁸, Sobhi F. Lamlom⁹, Muhammad Azeem Sabir¹⁰, Jameel Akhtar⁶

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.4, pp. 1001-1017, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025781 - 06 January 2023

Abstract

Nitrogen (N), the building block of plant proteins and enzymes, is an essential macronutrient for plant functions. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different N application rates (28, 57, 85, 114, 142, 171, and 200 kg ha⁻¹) on the performance of spring wheat (cv. Ujala-2016) during the 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 growing seasons. A control without N application was kept for comparison. Two years mean data showed optimum seed yield (5,461.3 kg ha⁻¹) for N-application at 142 kg ha⁻¹ whereas application of lower and higher rates of N did not result in significant and

… More >

Shahid Hussain¹, Rui Zhang¹, Shuli Liu¹, Yang Wang¹, Irshad Ahmad², Yinglong Chen¹, Hongyan Hou³, Qigen Dai^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.3, pp. 861-881, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025487 - 29 November 2022

Abstract

Understanding physiological responses in saline agriculture may facilitate wheat breeding programs. Based on a screening test, the Ningmai-14 (NM-14) and Yangmai-23 (YM-23) wheat cultivars were selected for further experiments to understand the underlying salinity tolerance mechanism. This study investigated the effects of five salinity levels such as Control (CK) = 0 (without NaCl stress), S1 = 0.20%, S2 = 0.25%, S3 = 0.30% and S4 = 0.35% of NaCl concentrations of soil on wheat plants. The results showed that increased salinity concentration reduced the growth and yield of wheat cultivars (NM-14 and YM-23). However, YM-23 (12.7%)

… More >

Junsheng Sun^#, Haozhen Zhang^#, Mingxia Zhang, Sishen Li, Yanrong An^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 79-90, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022225 - 06 September 2022

Abstract EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a light zeitnehmer (time-taker) gene, regulates circadian rhythm and photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis, rice, and barley. The three orthologs of ELF3 (TaELF3-1AL, TaELF3-1BL, and TaELF3-1DL) have been identified in wheat too, and one gene, TaELF3-1DL, has been associated with heading date. However, the basic characteristics of these three genes and the roles of the other two genes, TaELF3-1BL and, TaELF3-1AL, remain unknown. Therefore, the present study obtained the coding sequences of the three orthologs (TaELF3-1AL, TaELF3-1BL, and TaELF3-1DL) of ELF3 from bread wheat and characterized them and investigated the role of TaELF3-1BL in Arabidopsis. Protein sequence comparison revealed similarities… More >

Iqra Ishaaq¹, Muhammad Umer Farooq^1,2,3,4,*, Syeda Anjum Tahira², Rizwana Maqbool¹, Celaleddin Barutçular³, Muhammad Yasir⁵, Saira Bano², Zaid Ulhassan⁶, Ghassan Zahid⁷, Muhammad Ahsan Asghar⁸, Sajad Hussain⁹, Kocsy Gabor⁸, Ulkar Ibrahimova^10,11, Jianqing Zhu⁴, Anshu Rastogi^12,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2733-2758, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022094 - 29 August 2022

Abstract Drought is the major detrimental environmental factor for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. The exploration of genetic patterns underlying drought tolerance is of great significance. Here we report the gene actions controlling the phenological traits using the line × tester model studying 27 crosses and 12 parents under normal irrigation and drought conditions. The results interpreted via multiple analysis (mean performance, correlations, principal component, genetic analysis, heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential) disclosed highly significant differences among germplasm. The phenological waxiness traits (glume, boom, and sheath) were strongly interlinked. Flag leaf area exhibits a positive association with peduncle… More >

Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir¹, Sobia Aslam¹, Muhammad Shahid Rizwan², Allah Wasaya^1,*, Muhammad Ateeq¹, Muhammad Naeem Khan³, Sikander Khan Tanveer⁴, Walid Soufan⁵, Basharat Ali⁶, Allah Ditta^7,8, Arpna Kumari⁹, Ayman EL Sabagh^10,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.11, pp. 2491-2504, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022473 - 12 July 2022

Abstract In soil biota, higher and enduring concentration of heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) is hazardous and associated with great loss in growth, yield, and quality parameters of most of the crop plants. Recently, in-situ applications of eco-friendly stabilizing agents in the form of organic modifications have been utilized to mitigate the adverse effects of Cd-toxicity. This controlled experiment was laid down to appraise the imprints of various applied organic amendments namely poultry manure (PM), farmyard manure (FYM), and sugarcane press mud (PS) to immobilize Cd in polluted soil. Moreover, phytoavailability of Cd in wheat was… More >

Taufika Islam Anee^1,#, Md. Nur Nabi Islam^1,#, Mohamed M. Hassan², Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud¹, Md. Mahabub Alam¹, Mirza Hasanuzzaman^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.9, pp. 1959-1972, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021137 - 13 May 2022

Abstract Due to the unpredictable climate change, drought stress is being considered as one of the major threats to crop production. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. BARI Gom-26) being a dry season crop frequently faces scarcity of water and results in a lower yield. Therefore, this experiment aims to explore the role of different organic amendments (OAs) in mitigating drought stress-induced damage. The pot experiment consisted of different organic amendments viz. compost, vermicompost and poultry manure @0.09 kg m⁻² soil, biochar @2.5% w/w soil and chitosan @1% w/w soil which was imposed on the plants grown under both… More >