Neethu Rose Thomas^1,2, J. Anitha², Cristina Popirlan³, Claudiu-Ionut Popirlan³, D. Jude Hemanth^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 4407-4440, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.070689 - 23 October 2025

Abstract Integration of artificial intelligence in image processing methods has significantly improved the accuracy of the medical diagnostics pathway for early detection and analysis of kidney tumors. Computer-assisted image analysis can be an effective tool for early diagnosis of soft tissue tumors located remotely or in inaccessible anatomical locations. In this review, we discuss computer-based image processing methods using deep learning, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), radiomics, and transformer-based methods for kidney tumors. These techniques hold significant potential for automated segmentation, classification, and prognostic estimation with high accuracy, enabling more precise and personalized treatment planning. Special focus More >

Chengru Yang^1,#, Zhiyu Wang^1,#, Shaowu Bi¹, Xinmiao Zhang¹, Zhaoqiang Xu¹, Yifei Ge¹, Tianjie Zhang¹, Nan Wang¹, Yi Xu^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,*}, Xiangyu Zhong^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3207-3229, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066150 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an extremely aggressive cancer of the digestive system with insidious onset and the lack of effective biomarkers, resulting in late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key mediators of intercellular communication that drive PC initiation and advancement. By modulating gene expression, they impact tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion. Critically, exosomal ncRNAs serve as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. This review summarizes the current research achievements regarding exosomal ncRNAs in PC, systematically elaborating on their roles in tumor occurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance More >

CHIOMA C. EZEUKO^#, SANDANI V. T. WIJERATHNE^#, QIANA L. MATTHEWS^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.9, pp. 1605-1629, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065474 - 25 September 2025

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have arisen as potential therapeutic tools in managing infectious diseases because EVs can regulate cell-to-cell signaling, function as drug transport mechanisms, and influence immune reactions. They are obtained from a myriad of sources, such as plants, humans, and animal cells. EVs like exosomes and ectosomes can be utilized in their native form as therapeutics or engineered to encompass antimicrobials, vaccines, and oligonucleotides of interest with a targeted delivery strategy. An in-depth understanding of host-pathogen dynamics provides a solid foundation for exploiting its full potential in therapeutics against infectious diseases. This review mainly More >

Caojin Zhang^1,#, Haibo Hu^2,#, Gangcheng Zhang^3,#, Qiguang Wang⁴, Xiaobin Chen⁵, Yingzhang Cheng⁶, Qunshan Shen⁷, Jie Yuan⁸, Wenqi Zhang⁹, Yuanshi Li¹⁰, Xuan Zheng³, Xiangbin Pan^2,*, Professional Committee of National Quality Management and Control Center for Structural Heart Diseases, Professional Committee of Structural Heart Diseases of the National Cardiovascular Disease Expert Committee

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 403-420, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.071050 - 18 September 2025

Abstract Compared with traditional nickel-titanium alloy patent foramen ovale occluders, which are widely used in clinical practice, biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders have obvious differences in material characteristics, interventional operation mode and postoperative management strategy. This article gives expert consensus on the selection of clinical indications and standardized operating procedures, so as to standardize the clinical application of biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders. More >

JIANG ZHU^*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1571-1580, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.058957 - 26 June 2025

Abstract Changes in the intestinal immune micro-environment of the gastrointestinal tract are indispensable in the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal cancer. Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is an immune cell aggregation structure found around gastrointestinal cancer in recent years. More and more research proves that tertiary lymphoid structure plays a key biological role and clinical value in disease progression, patient prognosis, and adjuvant treatment. This review aims to explore the research progress, biological significance, and potential clinical applications of TLSs in gastrointestinal tumors. The formation, development, and interaction of TLSs with tumor microenvironment have been reviewed and More >

LIUJIE CHEN^1,#, LILI DUAN^1,2,#, JIA LI^1,2, JUN CHEN^1,2, DUANFANG LIAO³, NONGYUE HE⁴, KAI LI^1,3, ZHENG HU^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.1, pp. 21-43, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.056698 - 24 January 2025

Abstract Nucleic acid analysis is a key technique that enables accurate detection of various microorganisms. Conventional nucleic acid testing typically requires access to specialized laboratories, equipment, and trained personnel, which hinders the widespread use of on-site testing for DNA and RNA targets. However, integrating gene editing technology with traditional nucleic acid detection methods, especially isothermal amplification technology, can help overcome the limitations associated with on-site testing. This combination can accomplish precise and swift detection of nucleic acid sequences, offering a robust tool for on-site detection. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) technology, which More >

Bhawna Goyal¹, Ayush Dogra², Dawa Chyophel Lepcha¹, Rajesh Singh³, Hemant Sharma⁴, Ahmed Alkhayyat⁵, Manob Jyoti Saikia^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 4317-4342, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047256 - 26 March 2024

Abstract Multimodal medical image fusion has attained immense popularity in recent years due to its robust technology for clinical diagnosis. It fuses multiple images into a single image to improve the quality of images by retaining significant information and aiding diagnostic practitioners in diagnosing and treating many diseases. However, recent image fusion techniques have encountered several challenges, including fusion artifacts, algorithm complexity, and high computing costs. To solve these problems, this study presents a novel medical image fusion strategy by combining the benefits of pixel significance with edge-preserving processing to achieve the best fusion performance. First,… More >

Kevin R. Loughlin

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.28, No.2, pp. 10584-10588, 2021

Abstract Introduction: Five-alpha reductase (5-AR) deficiency was first identified by Imperato-McGinley and Walsh as the cause of pseudohermaphroditism in two separate studies. The discoveries led to the development of finasteride (inhibitor of type 2 isoenzyme of 5-AR) and dutasteride (inhibitor of type 1 and type 2 isoenzymes of 5-AR).
Both drugs have been proven effective for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, improving voiding symptoms, reducing the risk of urinary retention, and decreasing the need for prostate surgery.
Five-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) have also been demonstrated to be chemopreventive agents, reducing the risk of prostate cancer, although the… More >

Jinyang Liu^1,#, Bo Peng^1,#, Xianchao Jiang^1,#, Simeng Zhang¹, Jiachen Li¹, Lizhi Lv¹, Qiang Wang^1,2,*, Xiang Li^3,*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 65-72, 2021, DOI:10.32604/CHD.2021.013462 - 23 December 2020

Abstract Background: This study aims to explore the efficacy of selective unifocalization (UF) for major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) unifocalization in children with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA/VSD). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 13 patients with PA/VSD/MAPCAs who underwent surgery from June 2017 to December 2019. Sex, age, preoperative cardiovascular angiography test results and McGoon ratio were collected. The properties of the collateral arteries were evaluated by angiography, and selective UF for the “dendritic” MAPCAs and ligation of MAPCAs demonstrating distortion and resistance. Results: A total of 13 severe patients underwent one-stage repair, of which 1 More >

Shengxian Tu^1,*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 15-16, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05704

Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is the disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle. The fatty plaques built within the walls of the coronary arteries might rupture, creating a thrombus, thereby blocking the entire flow through the vessel, which is followed by a heart attack. Patients who suffer from CAD with documented ischemia are predominately sent to the catheterization laboratory for an invasive procedure (PCI, or percutaneous coronary intervention) to open the vessel by the placement of a “stent” as a scaffolding device to… More >