Keiko Yanagihara^1,*, Masato Yoshida², Kensaku Awaji², Tamami Yamakawa¹, Sena Kato¹, Miki Tamura¹, Koji Nagata³

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.073891 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have transformed the management of hormone receptor–positive/HER2–negative (HR+/HER2–) advanced breast cancer, yet evidence for elderly or poor-performance patients remains limited. This study examined real-world outcomes of palbociclib plus endocrine therapy in Asian patients, with additional subgroup analyses by age and performance status. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 46 consecutive Asian patients with recurrent or de novo HR+/HER2− breast cancer treated with first-line palbociclib plus ET between April 2021 and March 2025. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.… More >

Wenxiang Zhang^1,2, Wenning Cui¹, Juan Huang³, Zhangen Lu¹, Kuijing Liang¹, Lingbao Wang^1,2, Shanshan Wei^1,2, Liran Shi¹, Huifen Li¹, Xiaoli Guo^1,2,*, Jianhui Ma^4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.12, pp. 3893-3912, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.073736 - 29 December 2025

Abstract UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play essential roles in plant secondary metabolism and stress responses, yet their composition and functions in Sorghum bicolor, a model C4 plant, remain inadequately characterized. This study identified 196 SbUGT genes distributed across all 10 chromosomes and classified them into 16 subfamilies (A–P) through phylogenetic analysis. Among these, 61.2% were intronless, and 10 conserved motifs, including the UGT-specific PSPG box, were identified. Synteny analysis using MCScanX revealed 12 segmental duplication events and conserved syntenic relationships with other Poaceae species (rice, maize, and barley). Promoter analysis uncovered 125 distinct cis-acting elements, predominantly associated with stress and… More >

Roland Mangold, Timea Teglas^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.12, pp. 2239-2244, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.069925 - 24 December 2025

Abstract The quality of life in older adulthood is greatly influenced by cognitive aging, which in turn is affected by nutrition, especially as it relates to hippocampal function. Although the link between hippocampal function and nutrition is defined, the exact mechanics are still unknown. The commentary addresses how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contributes to age-related cognitive decline and may play a role in promoting neurogenesis and neuroplasticity on the molecular level. The current challenge to our understanding is to investigate how DHA influences hippocampal function and cognitive aging, which would be possible and even more detailed with More >

Yi-Ting Peng^1,*, Chin-Laung Lei²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3969-3992, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073258 - 23 December 2025

Abstract The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled their application in diverse professional domains, including law. However, research on automatic judicial document generation remains limited, particularly for Taiwanese courts. This study proposes a keyword-guided training framework that enhances LLMs’ ability to generate structured and semantically coherent judicial decisions in Chinese. The proposed method first employs LLMs to extract representative legal keywords from absolute court judgments. Then it integrates these keywords into Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback using Proximal Policy Optimization (RLHF-PPO). Experimental evaluations using models such as Chinese Alpaca More >

Heba A. S. El-Nashar^1,*, Ahmed T. Negmeldin^2,3,*, Aziza El Baz⁴, Marizé Cuyler⁵, Brandon Alston⁵, Namrita Lall^5,6,7, Naglaa S. Ashmawy^1,8,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.10, pp. 3269-3281, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.067998 - 29 October 2025

Abstract Pimenta dioica is a tropical Caribbean tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae, widely used in various human activities, including perfume production, food flavoring, natural pesticides, and medicine. This study aimed to explore the chemical composition of Pimenta dioica flower essential oil obtained via hydrodistillation using GC-MS analysis. Additionally, the oil’s tyrosinase inhibitory activity was investigated. The effectiveness of the oil’s major constituents in binding to tyrosinase was also evaluated through molecular docking simulations. GC-MS analysis identified fifteen compounds, with eugenol (70.59%) as the major component, followed by β-myrcene (10.54%), limonene (8.55%), β-ocimene (4.92%), α-phellandrene (1.39%), and linalool… More >

Arely A. Vargas-Díaz¹, Daisy Pérez-Brito², Beatriz Hernández-Carlos³, Jairo Cristóbal-Alejo^4,*, Silvia Andrade-Canto², Marcela Gamboa-Angulo^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.9, pp. 2839-2853, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.066682 - 30 September 2025

Abstract In the search for new alternatives to control tropical fungal pathogens, the ethanol extracts (EEs) from Acalypha gaumeri (Euphorbiaceae) roots showed antifungal properties against several tropical fungal phytopathogens. A. gaumeri is classified as endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, an area with distinct rainy, drought and northern seasons. The present study evaluated the antifungal activity of three wild populations of A. gaumeri collected quarterly in different seasons during one year against Alternaria chrysanthemi, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Pseudocercospora fijiensis and explored their ex-situ propagation. The highest activity was shown by the EE from the Tinum wild population during the rainy season against A. chrysanthemi,… More >

Ting Wei^1,2,#, Pengli Wei^2,3,#, Yalei Wang^1,2, Yaqiu Mao^2,3, Jian Yan², Xiaotong Hu², Zhenze Qi², Xu Cai², Changkai Jia², Zhiyuan Zhao², Bingkun Li², Min Qiao², Yaxin Zou^2,3, Tingting Yang⁴, Shiyang Sun², Xuesong Feng³, Pengyun Li^2,*, Hongzhou Shang^1,*, Zhibing Zheng²

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.10, pp. 2981-3006, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065123 - 26 September 2025

Abstract Objectives: Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), functioning as molecular glue degraders, have been approved for treating various hematological malignancies; however, the inevitable acquired drug resistance resulting from their skeletal similarity and hematological toxicities poses significant obstacles to their clinical treatment. The study aimed to develop degraders with potent efficiency and low toxicity. Methods: Phenotypic profiling, elaborate structure-activity relationships (SAR), rational drug design and degradation profiles investigations, quantitative proteomics analysis and cell-based functional studies, and pharmacokinetic studies were conducted to develop more potent degraders. Results: This study developed novel CRBN-binding moieties through methylene deletion in lenalidomide’s isoindole core. Lead… More > Graphic Abstract

Wei Hu¹, Dan Xiong^2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.9, pp. 1711-1731, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.067670 - 25 September 2025

Abstract Objectives: Podocytes undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ferroptosis in response to hyperglycemic stimulation. This is considered an important early event in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Rhein is the main active anthraquinone derivative in several common traditional herbal medicines. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Rhein on podocyte ferroptosis and EMT. Methods: The mouse glomerular podocyte cell line MPC5 was stimulated with high glucose (HG), Rhein, and the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Mechanistic investigations employed plasmids to overexpress and knockdown Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11),… More >

Stephanie Seneff^1,*, Greg Nigh², Anthony M. Kyriakopoulos^3,4

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.9, pp. 1545-1572, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.066687 - 25 September 2025

Abstract Deuterium is a heavy isotope of hydrogen, with an extra neutron, endowing it with unique biophysical and biochemical properties compared to hydrogen. The ATPase pumps in the mitochondria depend upon proton motive force to catalyze the reaction that produces ATP. Deuterons disrupt the pumps, inducing excessive reactive oxygen species and decreased ATP synthesis. The aim of this review is to develop a theory that mitochondrial dysfunction due to deuterium overload, systemically, is a primary cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The gut microbes supply deuterium-depleted short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colonocytes, particularly butyrate, and… More >

Siddharth Marthi^1,*, Muhammad Mukarram¹, Fatemeh Ardeshir-Larijani², Lara Rabih Harik³, Shreyas Subhash Joshi^1,2

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 349-353, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063775 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM) is a rare phenomenon in which a secondary tumor colonizes within a primary tumor of a different histogenesis. It is hypothesized that TTM is encouraged by conditions that promote increased cell growth and division in the primary tumor, such as hypervascularity and expression of oncogenic cytokines. However, the exact causes of TTM likely vary on a case-by-case basis and are dependent on the microenvironment of both the primary and secondary tumors. Herein, we present the first reported example of TTM in which a pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor (NET) metastasizes to a renal oncocytoma. More >