Karrar A. Hammoodi^1,*, Hayder A. Dhahad², Wissam H. Alawee³, Z. M. Omara⁴

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 217-262, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.047329

Abstract In the face of an escalating global water crisis, countries worldwide grapple with the crippling effects of scarcity, jeopardizing economic progress and hindering societal advancement. Solar energy emerges as a beacon of hope, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution to desalination. Solar distillation technology, harnessing the power of the sun, transforms seawater into freshwater, expanding the availability of this precious resource. Optimizing solar still performance under specific climatic conditions and evaluating different configurations is crucial for practical implementation and widespread adoption of solar energy. In this study, we conducted theoretical investigations on three distinct solar still configurations to evaluate… More > Graphic Abstract

Fuyong Su^a,* , Guozhi Zhang^b, Guojun Chen^c

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.15, pp. 1-5, 2020, DOI:10.5098/hmt.15.4

Abstract The iron and steel industry produces a large number of low-grade waste heat resources, which are not fully utilized. In addition, the iron and steel industry consumes a lot of water. This paper presents a method of utilizing waste heat of blast furnace slag flushing water for seawater desalination. After the flash process, heat exchange process and heat repair process, the blast furnace slag water was converted into steam which is 70 °C, which provided a heat source for MED (Multi-effect Desalination). This utilization method of waste heat was verified by thermodynamics and production data. More >

Changming Ling^a,b,*,†, Xiaobo Lou^c, Yin Zhong^b

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.16, pp. 1-6, 2021, DOI:10.5098/hmt.16.16

Abstract To solve the issues of high-energetic consumption, high-cost and high-carbon emissions in the processes of reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology, this study proposed and implemented a tidal energy-gathering supercharger with the concept of using green tidal energy to directly produce high-pressure-seawater-driven reverse osmosis seawater desalination system. Compared with the traditional way of using tidal energy to produce electric power in order to produce high-pressure water for the system, this technology could save energy that may lost in two transferring process thus can improve the energy efficiency of the whole system, lower its running cost, and realize the green production concept… More >

Zahra F. Hussain^a,*, Ahmed J. Hamed^b, Abdul Hadi N. Khalifa^b, Mohanad F. Hassan^b, Fawaz A.Najim^c,†

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.18, pp. 1-11, 2022, DOI:10.5098/hmt.18.14

Abstract At places far from the energy grid lines, freshwater is sometimes needed. Consequently, even countries with rich energy resources, such as the Arabian Gulf countries, have shown strong interest in desalination processes that often use renewable energy sources. In the present work, a desalination unit depending on the humidification-dehumidification principles is fabricated and tested under Baghdad, Iraq conditions. The HDH system under study consists of 6 parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSC) of a total aperture area of 8.772 m2 , the humidifier, and the dehumidifier and a tracking system. The effects of salty water flow rate and the HDH air-water… More >

Tao Zeng^1,3, Lisheng Deng^1,3,*, Jiechao Chen^2,*, Hongyu Huang^1,3, Hanli Zhuang²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1845-1858, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018803

Abstract A numerical study on the conjugated heat-mass transfer of helical hollow fiber membrane tube bank (HFMTB) for seawater desalination was carried out. Physical and mathematical models of fluid flow, temperature and humidity distribution were constructed to investigate the influences of flow type, Reynolds number, and temperature on the conjugated heat-mass transfer performance of hollow fibers in the distillation membrane module. The conjugated heat-mass transfer characteristics of HFMTB were discussed by utilizing the friction coefficient, Nusselt number (Nu), and Sherwood number (Sh). Results demonstrate that a distillation efficiency enhancement of 29% compared to the straight HFMTB has been detected for four-helical… More >

F. Kavin^1,*, R. Senthilkumar²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.2, pp. 2789-2806, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021577

Abstract The main aim of this work is to design a suitable Fractional Order Proportionl Integral Derivative (FOPID) controller with Chaotic Whale Optimization Algorithm (CWOA) for a RO desalination system. Continuous research on Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination plants is a promising technique for satisfaction with sustainable and efficient RO plants. This work implements CWOA based FOPID for the simulation of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination process for both servo and regulatory problems. Mathematical modeling is a vital constituent of designing advanced and developed engineering processes, which helps to gain a deep study of processes to predict the performance, more efficiently. Numerous approaches… More >

M. Bouzaid^1,*, O. Ansari¹, M. Taha-Janan¹, M. Oubrek¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.14, No.3, pp. 177-200, 2018, DOI: 10.3970/fdmp.2018.00330

Abstract Ocean water is characterized by very high salinity, which generally makes it unsuitable for human or animal's needs. The production of potable water from the ocean, therefore, requires a desalination process, which is often regarded as the crucial limitation to overcome towards widespread use of ocean water as the primary source of water for human consumption. In this study, we analyze both experimentally and theoretically the thermal performances and productivity of a solar still based on a novel form of absorber plate. The related system of energy equations consists of five heat exchange relationships in the form of first differential… More >

K. Bououni¹, T. Jaber¹, S. Elbehissy¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 127-141, 2017, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2017.013.127

Abstract The economic progress in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) induces to a significant increase in the demand for agricultural development. In Emirates the majority of the farms are irrigated by underground water, characterized by a high level of salinity. Liwa, Al Ain and Al Khatem areas are suffering from high water well salinity that exceeds 20,000 ppm. This work focuses on this problem and suggests a suitable solution allowing the use of renewable energy (Solar Photovoltaic) to drive RO desalination units. An optimal design of RO/PV unit adapted to a typical farm in Abu Dhabi was suggested using a model… More >

M. Bouzaid¹, M. Oubrek, O. Ansari, A. Sabri, M. Taha-Janan

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 15-32, 2016, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2016.012.015

Abstract Fresh water available on earth is very scared. Yet the demand of fresh water is incessantly increasing, due to population growth and rapid industrialization. According to the United Nations, in 2025, 63% of the world’s population will be living in scarce water areas. The provision of freshwater is becoming a gradually more important issue in many areas of the world. Oceans are the only available source for large amount of water. Ocean water presents high salinity, so there is a need to desalinate ocean water for everyday consumption. Solar stills are widely used in solar desalination for being very simple… More >

R. Abdeljabar¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.7, No.2, pp. 217-230, 2011, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2011.007.217

Abstract In this paper, we discuss a new technique for desalination based on the principles of the Soret effect. In particular, the method stems from the peculiar behavior of the solute in a solution of sodium chloride (i.e. salty water layer) of uniform concentration being less or equal to 5wt% under the effect of an imposed temperature gradient with average temperature equal to 12oC. The Soret coefficient may be positive or negative according to whether the temperature of the solution is above or below 12oC. As two diffusion processes (one parallel to the temperature gradient and the other anti-parallel) can occur… More >