Shan Yuan^1,2, Fei Wang^2,*, Jinping Zhang^2,*, Yuxin Jiang², Kaibo Gu², Chenhao Qiao², Yutong Bai², Jie Yu², Quan Chen¹, Dedi Han³

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.23, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cl.2026.082805 - 09 May 2026

Abstract Sodium metal batteries stand as a highly promising electrochemical energy storage system; however, their commercialization is severely impeded by challenges such as anode dendrite formation, the shuttle effect of highly reactive intermediates at the cathode, electrode volume expansion, and interfacial instability. Owing to their high electronic conductivity, high theoretical specific capacity, and superior sodiumphilic affinity, tellurium and its tellurides have emerged as pivotal functional materials for enhancing the performance of sodium metal batteries. This study reviews the advancements in their applications within sodium metal batteries, elaborates rational design strategies carbon-based composites, alloying, and heterostructure construction More >

Zebing Chen¹, Yang Wang¹, Hong Wu¹, Wenbin Zhao¹, Jinjun Yan¹, Luyao Peng², Yugang Zhao², Zilong Wang², Kang Li^2,*, Saleh S. Meibodi³, Mohammad Moosazadeh⁴, Soheil Mohtaram^2,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2026.077274 - 30 April 2026

Abstract Energy storage batteries require strict thermal management due to temperature sensitivity, operating optimally within a narrow thermal range. Simultaneously, control rooms demand stable and comfortable ambient conditions for staff staying long-term. Conventional temperature control systems typically employ isolated solutions, resulting in functional fragmentation and inefficient resource utilization. To address these challenges, this study proposes and implements an integrated R290 secondary loop heat pump air-conditioning system designed to simultaneously manage the thermal environments of both energy storage batteries and control rooms. By adopting a secondary-loop coupling architecture, all thermal regulation is achieved indirectly via indirect heat… More > Graphic Abstract

Yechun Xin¹, Xinxin Cheng¹, Yanxu Wang^1,*, Weiru Wang¹, Jiexiang Han², Zhen Niu³

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.079043 - 27 April 2026

Abstract Addressing voltage violations and renewable energy absorption bottlenecks arising from high-penetration photovoltaic (PV) integration, this paper proposes a hierarchical optimisation architecture for a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) based on microgrid-distribution network coordination to enhance collaborative regulation of energy storage across multiple microgrids. The methodology comprises a PV hosting capacity assessment model and an HESS operation model that accounts for power supply reliability, forming a two-layer planning framework that integrates distributed decision-making with centralized coordination. At the microgrid level, HESS capacity is determined to minimise the local comprehensive cost, while the allocation ratio between lithium-based More >

Rajanand Patnaik Narasipuram^1,*, Md M. Pasha², Suresh Badugu³, Saleha Tabassum⁴, Attuluri R.Vijay Babu⁵, Bharath Kumar N⁵, Amit Singh Tandon⁶

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.076542 - 27 April 2026

Abstract Supercapacitors are increasingly deployed as high power buffers in modern energy systems, yet their broader impact is constrained by limited energy density, fragmented testing practices, and incomplete understanding of lifecycle implications. This article presents a critical, method driven review based on a structured literature survey and explicit inclusion criteria, aggregating quantitative performance data for major electrode families (carbon materials, transition metal oxides, conducting polymers, biomass derived carbons, MXenes, and hybrid composites), electrolytes (aqueous, organic, ionic liquid, and gel/solid state), and device architectures (flexible, micro, solid state, lithium ion capacitors, and structural supercapacitors) under harmonized metrics… More > Graphic Abstract

Taotao Zhu, Pai Pang, Yang Wang^*

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.073516 - 27 April 2026

Abstract Frequent extreme weather events and the increasing popularity of renewable energy have exacerbated the frequency spatiotemporal imbalance in the new power system. To address these issues, this paper proposes a collaborative optimization strategy for virtual inertia spatiotemporal distribution replenishment, aiming to enhance nodal frequency stability through targeted virtual inertia allocation. This strategy integrates the nodal inertia characteristics with frequency response dynamics to establish a spatiotemporal quantitative model for evaluating the equivalent inertia distribution across nodes, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional global inertia assessments. Furthermore, by implementing differentiated virtual inertia supplementation from renewable energy power More >

Cheng Yang¹, Xiuyu Yang^1,*, Gangui Yan¹, Hongda Dong², Chenggang Li²

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.072773 - 27 April 2026

Abstract The integration of renewable energy introduces significant uncertainty into daily power system operation scenarios. Traditional deterministic unit commitment methods struggle to adapt to these conditions, often resulting in poor economic performance and high curtailment rates in planning outcomes. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a coordinated thermal power-energy storage planning methodology for managing renewable energy uncertainty. First, the operational effectiveness of daily unit commitment under uncertain renewable energy scenarios is analyzed, with quantitative assessment of how different commitment strategies impact supply-demand balance and economic performance. Subsequently, by conducting flexibility evaluation under multiple renewable energy… More >

Rui Lou^*, Chendan Xie, Haiyuan Yang, Yunyun Liu, Bin Zhang, Long He, Wei Chen

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0193 - 24 April 2026

Abstract Amidst escalating global energy demands and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, there is an urgent need to develop energy storage materials derived from low-cost and sustainable biomass. Lignin, an abundant aromatic polymer, has gained increasing recognition as a highly promising precursor for electrode materials due to its low cost, high carbon content, and rich functional groups. For electrochemical energy storage applications, lignin-derived carbon materials, including porous carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon aerogels, demonstrate considerable potential as effective electrodes. This review provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of recent advances in the field. It systematically… More > Graphic Abstract

Antun Pfeifer^1,*, Dongran Song², Mohamed Talaat Moustafa³, Neven Duić^1,4

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.079714 - 27 March 2026

Abstract The energy transition increasingly requires holistic approaches that integrate electricity, heating and cooling, water management, industrial processes, transport, and environmental considerations within coherent system frameworks. Such integration is essential for achieving deep decarbonisation while maintaining reliability, affordability, and resource efficiency across diverse regional and sectoral contexts. This Special Issue of Energy Engineering presents selected contributions from the 2024 Conferences on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), reflecting recent advances in modelling, system integration, and technology deployment. The included papers address a broad spectrum of challenges relevant to integrated energy–water–environment systems. These include building-sector… More >

Zezhong Liu, Jinyu Guo, Xingxu Zhu^*, Junhui Li

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.072679 - 27 February 2026

Abstract With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the coordination of energy storage with thermal power for frequency regulation has become an effective means to enhance grid frequency security. Addressing the challenge of improving the frequency regulation performance of a thermal-storage primary frequency regulation system while reducing its associated losses, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional cooperative optimization strategy for the control parameters of a combined thermal-storage system, considering regulation losses. First, the frequency regulation losses of various components within the thermal power unit are quantified, and a calculation method for energy storage regulation loss is proposed,… More >

Yunhao Yu¹, Fuhua Luo¹, Zhenyong Zhang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.074277 - 10 February 2026

Abstract This paper investigates the detection and mitigation of coordinated cyberattacks on Load Frequency Control (LFC) systems integrated with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). As renewable energy sources gain greater penetration, power grids are becoming increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats, potentially leading to frequency instability and widespread disruptions. We model two significant attack vectors: load-altering attacks (LAAs) and false data injection attacks (FDIAs) that corrupt frequency measurements. These are analyzed for their impact on grid frequency stability in both linear and nonlinear LFC models, incorporating generation rate constraints and nonlinear loads. A coordinated attack strategy is… More >