Dah-Jing Jwo^*, Sheng-Feng Chiu

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 6159-6176, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020793

Abstract In this paper, the data wipe-off (DWO) algorithm is incorporated into the vector tracking loop of the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver for improving signal tracking performance. The navigation data, which contains information that is necessary to perform navigation computations, are binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulated onto the GPS carrier phase with the bit duration of 20 ms (i.e., 50 bits per second). To continuously track the satellite’s signal in weak signal environment, the DWO algorithm on the basis of pre-detection method is adopted to detect data bit sign reversal every 20 ms. Tracking accuracy of a weak GPS signal… More >

Yongjie Ding¹, Zhangjie Fu^1,2,*

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.3, No.2, pp. 69-78, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2021.019105

Abstract In recent years, with the rapid development of the drone industry, drones have been widely used in many fields such as aerial photography, plant protection, performance, and monitoring. To effectively control the unauthorized flight of drones, using GPS spoofing attacks to interfere with the flight of drones is a relatively simple and highly feasible attack method. However, the current method uses ground equipment to carry out spoofing attacks. The attack range is limited and the flexibility is not high. Based on the existing methods, this paper proposes a multi-UAV coordinated GPS spoofing scheme based on YOLO Nano, which can launch… More >

Dah-Jing Jwo^*, Ming-Hsuan Lee

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 2387-2403, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018670

Abstract In this paper, the integrity monitoring algorithm based on a Kalman filter (KF) based rate detector is employed in the vector tracking loop (VTL) of the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. In the VTL approach, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) simultaneously tracks the received signals and estimates the receiver’s position, velocity, etc. In contrast to the scalar tracking loop (STL) that uses the independent parallel tracking loop approach, the VTL technique uses the correlation of each satellite signal and user dynamics and thus reduces the risk of loss lock of signals. Although the VTL scheme provides several important advantages, the… More >

Dah-Jing Jwo^*, Jia-Chyi Wu, Kuan-Lin Ho

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 555-574, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018320

Abstract This paper investigates performance improvement via the incorporation of the support vector machine (SVM) into the vector tracking loop (VTL) for the Global Positioning System (GPS) in limited satellite visibility. Unlike the traditional scalar tracking loop (STL), the tracking and navigation modules in the VTL are not independent anymore since the user’s position can be determined by using the information from other satellites and can be predicted on the basis of the states of the user. The method proposed in this paper makes use of the SVM to bridge the GPS signal and prevent the error growth due to signal… More >

Xiang Wang^1,2, Jingxian Liu¹, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf^3,*, Zhao Liu^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.2, pp. 801-818, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.013568

Abstract Complicated sea conditions have a serious impact on ship navigation safety and even maritime accidents. Accordingly, this paper proposes a remote sensing monitoring method based on the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) maritime joint positioning model. This method is mainly based on the BDS and multiple Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to build a data fusion model, which can capture more steady positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) data. Compared with the current Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) mandatory used by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), this model has the characteristics of more accurate positioning data… More >

Dah-Jing Jwo^*, Meng-Hsien Hsieh

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 1785-1805, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017225

Abstract In this paper, both the integrity monitoring and fault detection and exclusion (FDE) mechanisms are incorporated into the vector tracking loop (VTL) architecture of the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver for reliability enhancement. For the VTL, the tasks of signal tracking and navigation state estimation no longer process separately and a single extended Kalman filter (EKF) is employed to simultaneously track the received signals and estimate the receiver’s position, velocity, etc. In contrast to the scalar tracking loop (STL) which utilizes the independent parallel tracking loop approach, the VTL technique is beneficial from the correlation of each satellite signal and… More >

Dah-Jing Jwo^*, Jui-Tao Lee

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.1, pp. 857-876, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016894

Abstract This paper investigates the kernel entropy based extended Kalman filter (EKF) as the navigation processor for the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS). The algorithm is effective for dealing with non-Gaussian errors or heavy-tailed (or impulsive) interference errors, such as the multipath. The kernel minimum error entropy (MEE) and maximum correntropy criterion (MCC) based filtering for satellite navigation system is involved for dealing with non-Gaussian errors or heavy-tailed interference errors or outliers of the GPS. The standard EKF method is derived based on minimization of mean square error (MSE) and is optimal only under… More >

Dah-Jing Jwo^1,*, Jen-Hsien Lai²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 2883-2898, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015102

Abstract This paper investigates the minimum error entropy based extended Kalman filter (MEEKF) for multipath parameter estimation of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is designed to give a preliminary estimation of the state. The scheme is designed by introducing an additional term, which is tuned according to the higher order moment of the estimation error. The minimum error entropy criterion is introduced for updating the entropy of the innovation at each time step. According to the stochastic information gradient method, an optimal filer gain matrix is obtained. The mean square error criterion is limited to the… More >

Dah-Jing Jwo^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 2105-2126, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.014241

Abstract In this paper, the Global Positioning System (GPS) interferometer provides the preliminarily computed quaternions, which are then employed as the measurement of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) for the attitude determination system. The estimated quaternion elements from the EKF output with noticeably improved precision can be converted to the Euler angles for navigation applications. The aim of the study is twofold. Firstly, the GPS-based computed quaternion vector is utilized to avoid the singularity problem. Secondly, the quaternion estimator based on the EKF is adopted to improve the estimation accuracy. Determination of the unknown baseline vector between the antennas sits at… More >

Yizhi Liu, Rutian Qing, Jianxun Liu^*, Zhuhua Liao, Yijiang Zhao, Hong Ouyang

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 131-140, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2020.010625

Abstract Road network extraction is vital to both vehicle navigation and road planning. Existing approaches focus on mining urban trunk roads from GPS trajectories of floating cars. However, path extraction, which plays an important role in earthquake relief and village tour, is always ignored. Addressing this issue, we propose a novel approach of extracting campus’ road network from walking GPS trajectories. It consists of data preprocessing and road centerline generation. The patrolling GPS trajectories, collected at Hunan University of Science and Technology, were used as the experimental data. The experimental evaluation results show that our approach is able to effectively and… More >