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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Improved Differential Fault Analysis on Block Cipher KLEIN-64

    Min Long1, *, Man Kong1, Sai Long1, Xiang Zhang2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.2, pp. 1425-1436, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011116

    Abstract KLEIN-64 is a lightweight block cipher designed for resource-constrained environment, and it has advantages in software performance and hardware implementation. Recent investigation shows that KLEIN-64 is vulnerable to differential fault attack (DFA). In this paper, an improved DFA is performed to KLEIN-64. It is found that the differential propagation path and the distribution of the S-box can be fully utilized to distinguish the correct and wrong keys when a half-byte fault is injected in the 10th round. By analyzing the difference matrix before the last round of S-box, the location of fault injection can be limited to a small range.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Laboratory Investigation into the Fuel Atomization Process in a Diesel Engine for Different Configurations of the Injector Nozzles and Flow Conditions

    Mikhail G. Shatrov1, Valery I. Malchuk2, Andrey Y. Dunin1,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 747-760, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.08991

    Abstract This paper reports a laboratory investigation of the fuel injection process in a diesel engine. The atomization process of the considered fuel (a hydrocarbon liquid) and the ensuing mixing with air is studied experimentally under high-pressure conditions. Different types of injector nozzles are examined, including (two) new configurations, which are compared in terms of performances to a standard injector manufactured by the Bosch company. For the two alternate con- figurations, the intake edges of one atomizing hole (hole No. 1) are located in the sack volume while for the other (hole No. 2) they are located on the locking cone… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sub-Surface Drip Irrigation in Associated with H2O2 Improved the Productivity of Maize under Clay-Rich Soil of Adana, Turkey

    Alhan Sariyev1, Celaleddin Barutcular2,*, Mert Acar1, Akbar Hossain3, Ayman EL Sabagh2,4,5,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 519-528, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09142

    Abstract Maize being sub-tropical crop is sensitive to water deficit during the early growth stages; particularly clay-rich soil, due to the compaction of the soil. It is well-documented that potential sub-surface drip irrigation (SDI) (Full irrigation; SDIFull (100% field capacity (FC)), Deficit irrigation; SDIDeficit (70% FC)) improves water use efficiency, which leads to increased crop productivity; since it has a constraint that SDI excludes soil air around the root-zone during irrigation events, which alter the root function and crop performance. Additionally, in clayrich soils, the root system of plants generally suffers the limitation of oxygen, particularly the temporal hypoxia, and occasionally… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Influence of Diesel Engine Intake Throttle and Late Post Injection Process on the Rise of Temperature in the Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

    Ke Sun, Da Li, Hao Liu, Shuzhan Bai*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.3, pp. 573-584, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.09591

    Abstract In order to effectively implement DPF (Diesel Particulate Filters) regeneration control, thermal management of exhaust products before and inside Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) is necessary. In the present study, the Influence of the intake throttle valve and late post injection process on temperature rise inside DOC is analyzed through engine bench tests. The steady experiment results show that adjustment of the intake throttle valve can effectively increase exhaust temperature before DOC; in particular, with intake throttle valve opening at 20%, temperature before DOC can be increased by about 170°C with respect to the full opening. An increase in the late… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Inhibition of TGF-β-induced Collagen Production in Rat Achilles Tendons by Injection of Tetramethylpyrazine

    H-L. Wang1

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.3, No.4, pp. 145-146, 2006, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2006.003.145

    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Application of a Multiple Well-Injection Approach for CO2 Sequestration in a Saline Reservoir

    Chien-Hao Tseng, Chia-Chen Kuo, Wei-Chih Su, Fang-An Kuo, Keni Zhang, Chuan-Lin Lai

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 23-24, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.017.023

    Abstract The high-performance parallel computing scheme has already been increasingly recognized as an attractive alternative method to resolve the large-scale problems of CO2 sequestration. This paper therefore conducts a parallel computation for simulating multiple well-injection scenarios and long-term CO2 geologic sequestration in a saline aquifer (Figure 1a) based on the ECO2N module of the TOUGH2-MP that is the parallel version of TOUGH2 implemented by the MPI. The numerical performance of TOUGH2-MP is developed on an IBM Cluster 1350 which is composed of 404 nodes and 2 Intel Woodcrest 3.0 Ghz Dual-Core processors per node. Our results indicate that the high-speed parallel… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Simulation Study of Hydrogen Injection into Graphite

    A. Takayama, S. Saito, A. M. Ito, S. Yonemura, H. Nakamura

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 83-84, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.019.083

    Abstract We have been developing a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation code, a binary collision approximation (BCA) based simulation code, and a BCA-MD hybrid simulation code. In this paper, an overview of the codes is presented. BCA-based simulation results of hydrogen isotopes injection into graphite target are also shown. Detailed description is given as a full abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Improved material point method for simulating the zona failure response in piezo-assisted intracytoplasmic sperm injection

    Y. Gan, Z. Chen, S. Montgomery-Smith

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 59-60, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.018.059

    Abstract The material point method (MPM), which is an extension from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to computational solid dynamics (CSD), is improved for the coupled CFD and CSD simulation of the zona failure response in piezo-assisted intracytoplasmic sperm injection (piezo-ICSI). To evaluate the stresses at any zona material point, a plane stress assumption is made in the local tangent plane of the membrane point, and a simple procedure is proposed to find the effective point connectivity for the orientation of the local tangent plane. With an iterative algorithm in each time step, the original MPM is improved to better simulate fluid… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Model of Calculating the Injection Mass on Single Screw Compressor

    Yuting Wu1,2,*, Qiangyu Wen1,2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 166-166, 2019, DOI:10.32604/icces.2019.05532

    Abstract The liquid refrigerant injection is an impactful measure to decrease discharge temperature and improve performance of single screw compressor by injecting liquid refrigerant into the working chamber. The modeling of calculating injection mass on single screw compressor is presented considering compression, main leakage and Exhaust reflux base on mechanism of injection of liquid refrigerant and compressive process. Injection area is significant factor to calculate injection mass, and accurate injection mass can foresee precisely exhaust temperature of compressor. The effective injection area can be received by the methods of integration and projection which means injection hole is projected onto the plane… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Arrangement of Monomer Injection in the Characteristics of Copolymer

    Mohsen Ghorbani1, Hossein Eisazadeh2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.13, No.4, pp. 67-68, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.013.067

    Abstract Polypyrrole/Poly(vinyl acetate) (PPy/PVAc) copolymer was prepared by the copolymerization of vinyl acetate and pyrrole using FeCl3 and benzoylperoxide as an oxidant in the presence of various surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and poly (ethylene glycol) in the aqueous/non-aqueous media. The PPy/PVAc copolymer was characterized in terms of conductivity, morphology, chemical structure, particle size and yield. The results indicate that the morphology, particle size, yield and electrical conductivity of the products are dependent on the type of surfactant and the arrangement of monomer injection. The chemical structure of obtained product was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. By comparison FTIR spectra between pure… More >

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