Dah-Jing Jwo^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.77, No.2, pp. 2137-2155, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.034308

Abstract The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of estimation technology for both linear and nonlinear dynamical systems. A critical analysis of both the Kalman filter (KF) and the extended Kalman filter (EKF) will be provided, along with examples to illustrate some important issues related to filtering convergence due to system modeling. A conceptual explanation of the topic with illustrative examples provided in the paper can help the readers capture the essential principles and avoid making mistakes while implementing the algorithms. Adding fictitious process noise to the system model assumed by the filter designers for convergence assurance is… More >

Hong Zhang^1,2,*, Gang Yang¹, Hailiang Yu¹, Zan Zheng¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.1, pp. 1047-1063, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.039274

Abstract To accurately predict traffic flow on the highways, this paper proposes a Convolutional Neural Network-Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory-Attention Mechanism (CNN-BiLSTM-Attention) traffic flow prediction model based on Kalman-filtered data processing. Firstly, the original fluctuating data is processed by Kalman filtering, which can reduce the instability of short-term traffic flow prediction due to unexpected accidents. Then the local spatial features of the traffic data during different periods are extracted, dimensionality is reduced through a one-dimensional CNN, and the BiLSTM network is used to analyze the time series information. Finally, the Attention Mechanism assigns feature weights and performs Softmax regression. The experimental results… More >

Shuja Ali¹, Ahmad Jalal¹, Mohammed Hamad Alatiyyah², Khaled Alnowaiser³, Jeongmin Park^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.1, pp. 1249-1265, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.038114

Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used to monitor traffic in a variety of settings, including security, traffic surveillance, and traffic control. Numerous academics have been drawn to this topic because of the challenges and the large variety of applications. This paper proposes a new and efficient vehicle detection and tracking system that is based on road extraction and identifying objects on it. It is inspired by existing detection systems that comprise stationary data collectors such as induction loops and stationary cameras that have a limited field of view and are not mobile. The goal of this study is to… More >

Ashvini Kulkarni^1,2, P. Augusta Sophy Beulet^1,*

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 127-146, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.035144

Abstract It is widely acknowledged that navigation is a significant source of between sites. The Global Positioning System (GPS) has numerous navigational advancements, and hence it is used widely. GPS navigation can be compromised at any level between position, location, and estimation, to the detriment of the user. Consequently, a navigation system requires the precise location and underpinning tracking of an object without signal loss. The objective of a hybrid environment prediction system is to foresee the location of the user and their territory by employing a variety of sensors for position estimation and monitoring navigation. This article presents a state… More >

Aoqi Xu¹, Khalid A. Alattas², Nasreen Kausar³, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh⁴, Ebru Ozbilge^5,*, Tonguc Cagin⁵

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 17-32, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.036623

Abstract In many problems, to analyze the process/metabolism behavior, a model of the system is identified. The main gap is the weakness of current methods vs. noisy environments. The primary objective of this study is to present a more robust method against uncertainties. This paper proposes a new deep learning scheme for modeling and identification applications. The suggested approach is based on non-singleton type-3 fuzzy logic systems (NT3-FLSs) that can support measurement errors and high-level uncertainties. Besides the rule optimization, the antecedent parameters and the level of secondary memberships are also adjusted by the suggested square root cubature Kalman filter (SCKF).… More >

A. Selvi^*, S. Thilagamani

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 2973-2987, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.029850

Abstract Mammography is considered a significant image for accurate breast cancer detection. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) contributes to classifying the query mammography image and retrieves similar mammographic images from the database. This CBIR system helps a physician to give better treatment. Local features must be described with the input images to retrieve similar images. Existing methods are inefficient and inaccurate by failing in local features analysis. Hence, efficient digital mammography image retrieval needs to be implemented. This paper proposed reliable recovery of the mammographic image from the database, which requires the removal of noise using Kalman filter and scale-invariant feature transform… More >

Valarmathi Ramasamy^1,*, Dhandapani Samiappan², R. Ramesh³

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.36, No.2, pp. 1365-1380, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.032155

Abstract Owing to the recent trends in remote health monitoring, real-time applications for measuring Heartbeat Rate and Respiration Rate (HARR) from video signals are growing rapidly. Photo Plethysmo Graphy (PPG) is a method that is operated by estimating the infinitesimal change in color of the human face, rigid motion of facial skin and head parts, etc. Ballisto Cardiography (BCG) is a nonsurgical tool for obtaining a graphical depiction of the human body’s heartbeat by inducing repetitive movements found in the heart pulses. The resilience against motion artifacts induced by luminance fluctuation and the patient’s mobility variation is the major difficulty faced… More >

Khakoo Mal^1,2,*, Tayab Din Memon^1,3, Imtiaz Hussain Kalwar⁴, Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 3351-3370, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032940

Abstract It is necessary to know the status of adhesion conditions between wheel and rail for efficient accelerating and decelerating of railroad vehicle. The proper estimation of adhesion conditions and their real-time implementation is considered a challenge for scholars. In this paper, the development of simulation model of extended Kalman filter (EKF) in MATLAB/Simulink is presented to estimate various railway wheelset parameters in different contact conditions of track. Due to concurrent in nature, the Xilinx^® System-on-Chip Zynq Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device is chosen to check the onboard estimation of wheel-rail interaction parameters by using the National Instruments (NI) myRIO^®… More >

Nayef Alqahtani^1,2,*, Ali Alqahtani³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2557-2573, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.026316

Abstract Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) provide Global Positioning System (GPS) time-stamped synchronized measurements of voltage and current with the phase angle of the system at certain points along with the grid system. Those synchronized data measurements are extracted in the form of amplitude and phase from various locations of the power grid to monitor and control the power system condition. A PMU device is a crucial part of the power equipment in terms of the cost and operative point of view. However, such ongoing development and improvement to PMUs’ principal work are essential to the network operators to enhance the grid… More >

Mahwish Pervaiz¹, Mohammad Shorfuzzaman², Abdulmajeed Alsufyani², Ahmad Jalal³, Suliman A. Alsuhibany⁴, Jeongmin Park^5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.1, pp. 841-853, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.029629

Abstract Crowd management becomes a global concern due to increased population in urban areas. Better management of pedestrians leads to improved use of public places. Behavior of pedestrian’s is a major factor of crowd management in public places. There are multiple applications available in this area but the challenge is open due to complexity of crowd and depends on the environment. In this paper, we have proposed a new method for pedestrian’s behavior detection. Kalman filter has been used to detect pedestrian’s using movement based approach. Next, we have performed occlusion detection and removal using region shrinking method to isolate occluded… More >