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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Targeting DNA repair for cancer treatment: Lessons from PARP inhibitor trials

    DHANYA K. NAMBIAR1, DEEPALI MISHRA2, RANA P. SINGH2,3,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 405-421, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028310

    Abstract Ionizing radiation is frequently used to treat solid tumors, as it causes DNA damage and kill cancer cells. However, damaged DNA is repaired involving poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) causing resistance to radiation therapy. Thus, PARP-1 represents an important target in multiple cancer types, including prostate cancer. PARP is a nuclear enzyme essential for single-strand DNA breaks repair. Inhibiting PARP-1 is lethal in a wide range of cancer cells that lack the homologous recombination repair (HR) pathway. This article provides a concise and simplified overview of the development of PARP inhibitors in the laboratory and their clinical applications. We focused on the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Targeting DNA repair for cancer treatment: Lessons from PARP inhibitor trials

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel BCL-2 Inhibitor APG-2575 Exerts Synthetic Lethality With BTK or MDM2-p53 Inhibitor in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

    Qiuyun Luo*†1, Wentao Pan*†‡1, Suna Zhou*†1, Guangfeng Wang, Hanjie Yi, Lin Zhang, Xianglei Yan*†, Luping Yuan*†, Zhenyi Liu#, Jing Wang**, Haibo Chen#, MiaoZhen Qiu*††, DaJun Yang*†‡, Jian Sun*‡‡

    Oncology Research, Vol.28, No.4, pp. 331-344, 2020, DOI:10.3727/096504020X15825405463920

    Abstract Despite therapeutic advances, the effective treatment for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains a major clinical challenge. Evasion of apoptosis through upregulating antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family members and p53 inactivation, and abnormal activation of B-cell receptor signaling pathway are two important pathogenic factors for DLBCL. In this study, our aim is to explore a rational combination of BCL-2 inhibitor plus Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) blockade or p53 activation for treating DLBCL with the above characteristics. We demonstrated that a novel BCL-2 selective inhibitor APG-2575 effectively suppressed DLBCL with BCL-2 high expression via activating the mitochondrial apoptosis… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Current and future therapies for abnormal early embryogenesis with assisted reproductive technology

    XIAOXIA WANG1,#, ZHONGYUAN YAO1,2,#, DI LIU1, CHUNHONG YU3,*, HUI LI1,3,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.8, pp. 1803-1806, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019731

    Abstract Each stage of embryonic development, including normal gamete maturation, fertilization, zygotic genome activation, and cleavage, is crucial for human reproduction. Early embryo arrest is a common phenomenon. It is estimated that about 40%–70% of human embryos are arrested at early developmental stages. However, the exact mechanism remains largely uncertain. Embryos can be investigated in vitro by way of the development of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In addition to iatrogenic factors related to abnormal oocyte/embryo development, multiple gene mutations have been found to be involved in such phenotypes. Based on the knowledge of known etiological factors, several therapies are proposed… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Potential antioxidant and toxicological activity of the essential oil of Rhaphiodon echinus (Nees & Mart) Schauer (Lamiaceae): morphoanatomy and polyphenolic composition of its extracts

    Rodrigues Costa A1,2, PS Pereira3, MK Alves de Sousa1,2, FC Rodrigues5, VR Duarte Mendes1, KR Rodrigues Lima1, L Marivando Barros1,4, CM Rocha Sousa1, MS Alcântara1, AB Leite Cavalcante4, R Cruz Macedo5, JP Kamdem3, AE Duarte1,2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 79-86, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.079

    Abstract The species Rhaphiodon echinus, known as betonica or creeping mint, is considered an infesting plant species, typical of the caatinga biome. Morphoanatomy is a very important tool to study the structure of plants, both its external and internal morphology, opening the knowledge about the production of secondary metabolites. These compounds are of great importance for scientific research, which may present themselves as the best antioxidants. Taking into account a lack of data in the literature on the essential oil of R. echinus, this study aimed to demonstrate its antioxidant activity and toxicity. In order to test this hypothesis, tests were… More >

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