Jiling Song¹, Hua Wang^2,*, Jianbing Guo¹, Minghua Lin², Bin Zheng^2,*, Jiqiang Wu^3,*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.4, pp. 1143-1157, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.073414 - 26 December 2025

Abstract The pursuit of safer energy storage systems is driving the development of advanced electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. Traditional liquid electrolytes pose flammability risks, while solid-state alternatives often suffer from low ionic conductivity. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) emerge as a promising compromise, combining the safety of solids with the ionic conductivity of liquids. Cellulose, an abundant and eco-friendly polymer, presents an ideal base material for sustainable GPEs due to its biocompatibility and mechanical strength. This study systematically investigates how drying methods affect cellulose-based GPEs. Cellulose hydrogels were synthesized through dissolution-crosslinking and processed using vacuum drying (VD),… More >

Changyu Jeon, Younghoon Kim^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3723-3745, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073030 - 23 December 2025

Abstract Accurate State-of-Health (SOH) prediction is critical for the safe and efficient operation of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). However, conventional methods struggle with the highly nonlinear electrochemical dynamics and declining accuracy over long-horizon forecasting. To address these limitations, this study proposes CIPF-Informer, a novel digital twin framework that integrates the Informer architecture with Channel Independence (CI) and a Particle Filter (PF). The CI mechanism enhances robustness by decoupling multivariate state dependencies, while the PF captures the complex stochastic variations missed by purely deterministic models. The proposed framework was evaluated using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) battery More >

Zhuoyuan Zheng^*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.010939

Abstract Silicon (Si) anodes are promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and low operating voltage. However, the significant volume expansion that occurs during lithiation presents challenges, including material degradation and decreased cycle life. This study employs an electrochemical-mechanical-thermal coupled finite element model, supported by experimental validation, to investigate the impact of lithiation-induced deformation on the energy dissipation of Si anodes. We quantitatively investigate the effects of several key design parameters—C-rate, Si layer thickness, and lithiation depth—on energy losses resulting from various mechanisms, such as mechanical energy loss, polarization, and joule heating.… More >

Ningbo Li, Peng Wang^*, Ruolan Jiang, Bing Dong, Haobo Cao, Dongxu Han, Yujie Chen, Dongliang Sun

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.011558

Abstract Lithium-ion batteries, with their advantages of high energy density, no memory effect, and long cycle life, are widely used in new energy vehicles and emerging energy storage applications. Among these processes, electrode coating is one of the crucial manufacturing techniques for lithium-ion battery electrodes, with slot-die coating being widely adopted in practical engineering applications due to its advantages of high coating speed, wide coating width, and high precision, though the uniformity of coating slurry is affected by multiple factors and remains a focal point of research for both engineers and academic researchers. Currently, our team… More >

Tianjiao Zhang^*, Yibo Xu, Long Li, Kequn Li, Hua Zhang

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 819-832, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.064287 - 30 June 2025

Abstract Power batteries serve as key components of new energy vehicles and are distinguished by their large capacity, long lifespan, high energy density, and stable operation. The strict temperature demands of power battery packs necessitate the development of highly efficient thermal management systems. In this study, a converging-diverging liquid cooling channel featuring a wave shaped structure was designed and analyzed for 18,650-type lithium-ion batteries. To investigate the design methodology for flow channel structure, a thermal model for the heat generation rate of the 18,650-type battery was developed. A comparative analysis of four geometrical configurations of converging-diverging… More >

Pu Yang^1,*, Wanning Yan¹, Rong Li¹, Lei Chen², Lijie Guo²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.1, pp. 699-725, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.064947 - 09 June 2025

Abstract Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in mobile energy storage systems because of their high energy density, long life, and strong environmental adaptability. Accurately estimating the state of health (SOH) for LIBs is promising and has been extensively studied for many years. However, the current prediction methods are susceptible to noise interference, and the estimation accuracy has room for improvement. Motivated by this, this paper proposes a novel battery SOH estimation method, the Beluga Whale Optimization (BWO) and Noise-Input Gaussian Process (NIGP) Stacked Model (BGNSM). This method integrates the BWO-optimized Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)… More >

Haoran Li^1,2, Yayou Xu³, Zihan Zhang^1,2, Feng Han^1,2, Ye-Tang Pan^2,*, Rongjie Yang²

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.1, pp. 33-55, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.062352 - 27 March 2025

Abstract The thermal stability of lithium-ion battery separators is a critical determinant of battery safety and performance, especially in the context of rapidly expanding applications in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. While traditional polyolefin separators (PP/PE) dominate the market due to their cost-effectiveness and mechanical robustness, their inherent poor thermal stability poses significant safety risks under high-temperature conditions. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in enhancing separator thermal stability through coating materials (metal, ceramic, inorganic) and novel high-temperature-resistant polymers (e.g., PVDF copolymers, PI, PAN). Notably, we critically evaluate the trade-offs between thermal… More >

Yi-Feng Luo¹, Guan-Jhu Chen^2,*, Chun-Liang Liu³, Yen-Tse Chung⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.1, pp. 823-844, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061498 - 26 March 2025

Abstract As lithium-ion batteries become increasingly prevalent in electric scooters, vehicles, mobile devices, and energy storage systems, accurate estimation of remaining battery capacity is crucial for optimizing system performance and reliability. Unlike traditional methods that rely on static alternating internal resistance (SAIR) measurements in an open-circuit state, this study presents a real-time state of charge (SOC) estimation method combining dynamic alternating internal resistance (DAIR) with artificial neural networks (ANN). The system simultaneously measures electrochemical impedance |Z| at various frequencies, discharge C-rate, and battery surface temperature during the discharge process, using these parameters for ANN training. The… More >

Yi-Feng Luo^1,*, Jyuan-Fong Yen², Wen-Cheng Su³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.3, pp. 3069-3087, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.061180 - 03 March 2025

Abstract This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules. Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition, resulting in the formation of lithium dendrites. These dendrites may pierce the separator, leading to the failure of the insulation layer between electrodes and causing micro short circuits. When a micro short circuit occurs, the electrolyte typically undergoes exothermic reactions, leading to thermal runaway and posing a safety risk to users. Relying solely on temperature-based judgment mechanisms within the battery management system often results in delayed intervention. To address this issue, the article More >

Qi Wang^1,2,3, Lantian Ge^1,*, Tianru Xie¹, Yibo Huang¹, Yandong Gu¹, Tao Zhu¹, Xuehua Gao¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 733-746, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.059453 - 31 January 2025

Abstract The active equalization of lithium-ion batteries involves transferring energy from high-voltage cells to low-voltage cells, ensuring consistent voltage levels across the battery pack and maintaining safety. This paper presents a voltage balancing circuit and control method. First, a single capacitor method is used to design the circuit topology for energy transfer. Next, real-time voltage detection and control are employed to balance energy between cells. Finally, simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving balanced voltages of 3.97 V from initial voltages of 4.10, 3.97, and 3.90 V. The proposed circuit is More >