Keiko Yanagihara^1,*, Masato Yoshida², Kensaku Awaji², Tamami Yamakawa¹, Sena Kato¹, Miki Tamura¹, Koji Nagata³

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.073891 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have transformed the management of hormone receptor–positive/HER2–negative (HR+/HER2–) advanced breast cancer, yet evidence for elderly or poor-performance patients remains limited. This study examined real-world outcomes of palbociclib plus endocrine therapy in Asian patients, with additional subgroup analyses by age and performance status. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 46 consecutive Asian patients with recurrent or de novo HR+/HER2− breast cancer treated with first-line palbociclib plus ET between April 2021 and March 2025. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.… More >

Abdul Baseet Arham¹, John M. Rieth², Michael A. O’Donnell^3,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 605-620, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063632 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Genitourinary (GU) sarcomas are rare soft tissue malignancies, comprising around 2% of all GU cancers. Due to their rarity, limited data exist on optimal management and long-term outcomes. This study presents a 25-year single-institution experience, evaluating clinical presentation, treatment strategies, and survival outcomes, aims to identify trends over time and potential predictors of prognosis. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with GU sarcomas at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (1998–2023). Data on tumor subtype, staging, histopathology, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated… More >

Shun Maki^1,*, Satoshi Nakano¹, Taiki Haga², Takehiro Niitsu¹, Ikuya Ueta¹

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.5, pp. 547-558, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.072277 - 30 November 2025

Abstract Background: Considering the limited evidence for acute postoperative nutritional therapy for congenital heart disease (CHD), this study evaluated the effects of achieving enteral nutrition (EN) targets in the acute postoperative phase on clinical outcomes in infants after congenital heart surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study, conducted in a multivalent pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), enrolled infants aged ≤6 months following congenital heart surgery between April 2021 and March 2023. Based on the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition guidelines, the EN target was defined as two-thirds of the resting energy expenditure with a protein intake… More >

Novik Budiwardhana^1,*, Indah Kartika Murni², Eva Miranda Marwali¹, Pribadi Wiranda Busro³, Fildza Intan Rizkia⁴, Muhamad Faza Soelaeman⁴, Yunita Widyastuti⁵

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.5, pp. 591-600, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.070345 - 30 November 2025

Abstract Background: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a frequent and serious complication after pediatric cardiac surgery. Endothelial glycocalyx (EG) degradation, indicated by elevated syndecan-1, contributes to microvascular dysfunction and postoperative instability. The relationship between syndecan-1 dynamics and surgical risk categories remains unclear. Objective: To examine the association between perioperative syndecan-1 levels and clinical outcomes across Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) categories. Methods: We analyzed 106 children (RACHS-1 categories 2–4) undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Syndecan-1 was measured at baseline (T0), 4 h (T4), and 72 h (T72). Outcomes included LCOS, vasoactive inotropic… More >

Antonio Ruggiero^1,2,*, Dario Talloa¹, Alberto Romano¹, Giorgio Attinà¹, Stefano Mastrangelo^1,2, Palma Maurizi^1,2, Tommaso Verdolotti³, Gianpiero Tamburrini^4,5, Silvia Chiesa⁶, Rina di Bonaventura⁷, Pier Paolo Mattogno⁷, Alessandro Olivi^7,8, Alessio Albanese^7,8

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3855-3867, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067948 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Background: Adult medulloblastoma (MB) represents less than 1% of central nervous system malignancies, lacking standardized therapeutic approaches due to its rarity. This retrospective single-center analysis aimed to assess survival outcomes and treatment-associated toxicities in adult MB patients managed with pediatric-derived protocols. Methods: Eighteen patients (≥18 years) with MB treated at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) (January 1997–January 2024) were analyzed. All received craniospinal radiotherapy with posterior fossa boost, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy utilizing pediatric regimens (PNET3, PNET4, PNET5, or high-risk protocols incorporating high-dose chemotherapy with autologous… More >

Phillip Taboada¹, Rohit R. Badia¹, Dhillon Advano¹, Andrew Murphy¹, Christina Sze¹, Ryan J. Mauck¹, Jennifer Tse¹, Jeffrey Gahan², Claus G. Roehrborn¹, Ramy Goueli^1,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 491-499, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068150 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: Aquablation is a robotic-assisted, water jet-based transurethral therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Concerns about postoperative hematuria led to the practice of limited transurethral resection (TUR) with cauterization. This study aimed to assess the impact of tranexamic acid (TXA) on hematuria outcomes when combined with limited TUR after Aquablation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed men undergoing Aquablation at our institution (October 2020–July 2024). Demographic, prostate, surgical, and hematuria outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records. Kruskal-Wallis test compared medians. Results: Of 131 patients, 113 (86%) had limited TUR; 31 (27%) received 1 g TXA perioperatively. TXA… More >

Andrea Panunzio¹, Rossella Orlando¹, Federico Greco^2,3, Giovanni Mazzucato⁴, Floriana Luigina Rizzo¹, Serena Domenica D’Elia¹, Antonio Benito Porcaro⁵, Alessandro Antonelli⁵, Alessandro Tafuri^1,6,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 375-384, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066140 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: The Barthel Index (BI) measures the level of patient independence in activities of daily living. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the use of the BI in urology, highlighting its potential as a tool for assessing patients prior to surgery. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for studies evaluating the BI in patients undergoing urologic surgery, following Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The BI was investigated both as a descriptor of baseline or postoperative health status and a prognostic indicator. A qualitative… More >

Hande İştar^1,#,*, Buğra Harmandar¹, Melike Korkmaz Toker², Fulden Cantaş Türkiş³

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 503-517, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068540 - 18 September 2025

Abstract Background: The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple, cost-effective marker of systemic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the association between perioperative NLR and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 70 patients under 18 years of age who underwent surgery between 2018 and 2023. NLR was measured preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified optimal cutoffs, and associations with postoperative outcomes were assessed. Results: The preoperative NLR cutoff of 1.14 (AUC = 0.75) was associated with More >

Stamatios Katsimperis^1,*, Lazaros Tzelves¹, Georgios Feretzakis², Themistoklis Bellos¹, Panagiotis Deligiannis¹, Andreas Skolarikos¹, Athanasios Papatsoris¹, Iraklis Mitsogiannis¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 271-282, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066395 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Background: Accurate complication reporting in endourology remains challenging, with the Clavien-Dindo Classification and Comprehensive Complication Index being the most commonly used systems. This study aimed to compare surgical outcomes and complication reporting in ureterolithotripsy (URL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using both systems. Methods: This prospective, single-center, non-interventional study included 473 patients undergoing URL, PCNL, or ESWL from October 2022 to October 2024. Demographic, stone-related, and procedural variables were recorded. Complications were classified using the CDC, and cumulative morbidity was assessed using CCI. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multivariate regression, were… More >

Fabrizio Di Maida^1,*, Francesca Oriti¹, Antonio Andrea Grosso¹, Francesco Sessa², Daniele Paganelli¹, Vincenzo Salamone¹, Sara Costagli¹, Francesca Solazzi¹, Luca Lambertini¹, Matteo Salvi¹, Michele Di Dio³, Andrea Mari¹, Rino Oriti¹, Andrea Minervini¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 283-292, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.065984 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Background: The surgical management of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has considerably evolved through recent years. Nonetheless, benefits and harms of several laser procedures are still to be determined. The study aimed to report perioperative and early functional results of patients treated with anatomical photo vaporization of the prostate (aPVP). Methods: Data from consecutive patients treated with aPVP by using a 180-W XPS GreenLight laser were prospectively collected in a single tertiary center between 2020 and 2023. The surgical procedure was divided into a modular step-by-step fashion. Patients were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires… More >