Keiko Yanagihara^1,*, Masato Yoshida², Kensaku Awaji², Tamami Yamakawa¹, Sena Kato¹, Miki Tamura¹, Koji Nagata³

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.073891 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have transformed the management of hormone receptor–positive/HER2–negative (HR+/HER2–) advanced breast cancer, yet evidence for elderly or poor-performance patients remains limited. This study examined real-world outcomes of palbociclib plus endocrine therapy in Asian patients, with additional subgroup analyses by age and performance status. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 46 consecutive Asian patients with recurrent or de novo HR+/HER2− breast cancer treated with first-line palbociclib plus ET between April 2021 and March 2025. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.… More >

Bryanna N. Schwartz^*, Victoria L. Pemberton, D’Andrea Freemon, Kristin M. Burns, Gail D. Pearson

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.6, pp. 637-646, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.073995 - 10 February 2026

Abstract Background: In the 1990s, there were few multicenter research collaborations and pediatric cardiovascular clinical trials. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute at the National Institutes of Health established the Pediatric Heart Network (PHN) in 2001 to stimulate multi-center collaboration and clinical studies in children and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) and pediatric acquired heart disease. Methods: The PHN developed a flexible infrastructure for multi-center collaborative clinical research in children and adults with CHD and pediatric acquired heart disease. The objectives of the PHN are to improve health outcomes in individuals of all ages with… More >

Ling Lin, Yasha Liang, Yunyu Chen, Rong Su, Hu Zhang, Ailing Yang^*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.6, pp. 703-716, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.072819 - 10 February 2026

Abstract Background: We aimed to explore the value of echocardiography plus cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for predicting the functional status and adverse outcomes of adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), and to develop a multivariate prediction model. Methods: Subjects (135 in total) in this single-center prospective cohort study were enrolled from adult patients suffering from CHD treated in this hospital during January 2021 and August 2023. Standardized echocardiography and CPET were conducted on all subjects at enrollment, with such indicators as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), right ventricular function parameters, peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂), and carbon… More >

Abdul Baseet Arham¹, John M. Rieth², Michael A. O’Donnell^3,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 605-620, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063632 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Genitourinary (GU) sarcomas are rare soft tissue malignancies, comprising around 2% of all GU cancers. Due to their rarity, limited data exist on optimal management and long-term outcomes. This study presents a 25-year single-institution experience, evaluating clinical presentation, treatment strategies, and survival outcomes, aims to identify trends over time and potential predictors of prognosis. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with GU sarcomas at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (1998–2023). Data on tumor subtype, staging, histopathology, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated… More >

Shun Maki^1,*, Satoshi Nakano¹, Taiki Haga², Takehiro Niitsu¹, Ikuya Ueta¹

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.5, pp. 547-558, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.072277 - 30 November 2025

Abstract Background: Considering the limited evidence for acute postoperative nutritional therapy for congenital heart disease (CHD), this study evaluated the effects of achieving enteral nutrition (EN) targets in the acute postoperative phase on clinical outcomes in infants after congenital heart surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study, conducted in a multivalent pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), enrolled infants aged ≤6 months following congenital heart surgery between April 2021 and March 2023. Based on the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition guidelines, the EN target was defined as two-thirds of the resting energy expenditure with a protein intake… More >

Novik Budiwardhana^1,*, Indah Kartika Murni², Eva Miranda Marwali¹, Pribadi Wiranda Busro³, Fildza Intan Rizkia⁴, Muhamad Faza Soelaeman⁴, Yunita Widyastuti⁵

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.5, pp. 591-600, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.070345 - 30 November 2025

Abstract Background: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a frequent and serious complication after pediatric cardiac surgery. Endothelial glycocalyx (EG) degradation, indicated by elevated syndecan-1, contributes to microvascular dysfunction and postoperative instability. The relationship between syndecan-1 dynamics and surgical risk categories remains unclear. Objective: To examine the association between perioperative syndecan-1 levels and clinical outcomes across Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) categories. Methods: We analyzed 106 children (RACHS-1 categories 2–4) undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Syndecan-1 was measured at baseline (T0), 4 h (T4), and 72 h (T72). Outcomes included LCOS, vasoactive inotropic… More >

Antonio Ruggiero^1,2,*, Dario Talloa¹, Alberto Romano¹, Giorgio Attinà¹, Stefano Mastrangelo^1,2, Palma Maurizi^1,2, Tommaso Verdolotti³, Gianpiero Tamburrini^4,5, Silvia Chiesa⁶, Rina di Bonaventura⁷, Pier Paolo Mattogno⁷, Alessandro Olivi^7,8, Alessio Albanese^7,8

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3855-3867, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067948 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Background: Adult medulloblastoma (MB) represents less than 1% of central nervous system malignancies, lacking standardized therapeutic approaches due to its rarity. This retrospective single-center analysis aimed to assess survival outcomes and treatment-associated toxicities in adult MB patients managed with pediatric-derived protocols. Methods: Eighteen patients (≥18 years) with MB treated at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) (January 1997–January 2024) were analyzed. All received craniospinal radiotherapy with posterior fossa boost, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy utilizing pediatric regimens (PNET3, PNET4, PNET5, or high-risk protocols incorporating high-dose chemotherapy with autologous… More >

Phillip Taboada¹, Rohit R. Badia¹, Dhillon Advano¹, Andrew Murphy¹, Christina Sze¹, Ryan J. Mauck¹, Jennifer Tse¹, Jeffrey Gahan², Claus G. Roehrborn¹, Ramy Goueli^1,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 491-499, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068150 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: Aquablation is a robotic-assisted, water jet-based transurethral therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Concerns about postoperative hematuria led to the practice of limited transurethral resection (TUR) with cauterization. This study aimed to assess the impact of tranexamic acid (TXA) on hematuria outcomes when combined with limited TUR after Aquablation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed men undergoing Aquablation at our institution (October 2020–July 2024). Demographic, prostate, surgical, and hematuria outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records. Kruskal-Wallis test compared medians. Results: Of 131 patients, 113 (86%) had limited TUR; 31 (27%) received 1 g TXA perioperatively. TXA… More >

Andrea Panunzio¹, Rossella Orlando¹, Federico Greco^2,3, Giovanni Mazzucato⁴, Floriana Luigina Rizzo¹, Serena Domenica D’Elia¹, Antonio Benito Porcaro⁵, Alessandro Antonelli⁵, Alessandro Tafuri^1,6,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 375-384, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.066140 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: The Barthel Index (BI) measures the level of patient independence in activities of daily living. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the use of the BI in urology, highlighting its potential as a tool for assessing patients prior to surgery. Materials and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for studies evaluating the BI in patients undergoing urologic surgery, following Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The BI was investigated both as a descriptor of baseline or postoperative health status and a prognostic indicator. A qualitative… More >

Hande İştar^1,#,*, Buğra Harmandar¹, Melike Korkmaz Toker², Fulden Cantaş Türkiş³

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 503-517, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068540 - 18 September 2025

Abstract Background: The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple, cost-effective marker of systemic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the association between perioperative NLR and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 70 patients under 18 years of age who underwent surgery between 2018 and 2023. NLR was measured preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified optimal cutoffs, and associations with postoperative outcomes were assessed. Results: The preoperative NLR cutoff of 1.14 (AUC = 0.75) was associated with More >