Yibing Wang¹, Xingbo Wu¹, Yifei Shen¹, Xiayi Wang¹, Chun Hung Chu², Irene Shuping Zhao^2,3, Xueqi Gan^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.079089 - 27 July 2026

Abstract Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory disease characterized by the progressive destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, but accumulating evidence highlights mitochondrial dynamics imbalance and oxidative stress as interconnected drivers. However, comprehensive reviews elucidating the molecular basis of this interaction are lacking. Therefore, this review aims to clarify the crosstalk between mitochondrial dynamics dysregulation and oxidative stress, and how this bidirectional interaction contributes to periodontal tissue destruction. This review first provides an overview of mitochondrial dynamics and the mechanisms of oxidative stress. We then contextualize these processes within periodontitis, detailing the dual role More > Graphic Abstract

Aslı Aykaç^1,*, Eda Becer², Ahmet Özer Şehirli³

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.077114 - 29 June 2026

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are driven by complex, multifactorial mechanisms in which oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation (NI) play central, mutually reinforcing roles. Their interaction is mediated through key signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2–Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1), and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction, microglial activation, and dysregulated redox homeostasis. Increasing attention has been directed toward understanding how Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved neuroprotective agents influence these interconnected processes. More > Graphic Abstract

Debasish Bandyopadhyay^1,*, Romit Majumder^1,2,#, Madhuri Datta^1,2,#, Adrita Banerjee^1,2, Aindrila Chattopadhyay²

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.075963 - 09 June 2026

Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed, but their long-term use frequently results in gastric mucosal injury. Emerging evidence indicates that, beyond cyclooxygenase inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction represents a central mechanism driving NSAID-induced gastric epithelial damage. This review aims to critically synthesize current evidence on mitochondria-centered pathways involved in NSAID-induced gastric ulceration and to evaluate the therapeutic relevance of melatonin in this context. We highlight how NSAIDs impair mitochondrial bioenergetics, promote excessive reactive oxygen species generation, disrupt membrane potential, and activate apoptotic signaling, thereby compromising mucosal integrity. Importantly, melatonin exerts multifaceted gastroprotective actions by preserving mitochondrial More >

Wessam M. Serag El-Din^1,*, Kamal E. Attia¹, Taghreed E. Eissa^2,*, Tarek M. Noor El-Deen², Hadeer Darwish^1,3, Ghadah H. Al Hawas^4,5, Modhi O. Alotaibi^6,7

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.078357 - 27 May 2026

Abstract Water salinity is a growing environmental concern that significantly impacts soil health, agricultural productivity, and freshwater sustainability, especially in arid regions. This study evaluated the comparative effects of foliar-applied glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) on growth, flower yield, essential oil composition, and physiological responses of Matricaria chamomilla L. under water salinity levels. The experiment was conducted during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons at the Experimental Farm of El-Quassassin, Ismailia, Egypt, using a factorial randomized complete block design with three replicates. Foliar applications of GSH (1, 2, and 3 mM) and H₂O₂ (5, 10, and 20 mM)… More >

Ralf Weiskirchen¹, Amedeo Lonardo^2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.076177 - 13 May 2026

Abstract Obesity is a complex chronic condition characterized by an excess of body fat that manifests in various clinical pathophenotypes, each affecting liver health differently. One significant cause of chronic liver diseases among those living with obesity is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is linked to one or more cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals who do not engage in harmful alcohol consumption. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer and is increasingly being associated with MASLD through intricate immunological, cellular, proinflammatory, molecular, and genetic mechanisms. In this review, we More > Graphic Abstract

Jarosław Nuszkiewicz^1,*, Joanna Wróblewska¹, Marek Jóźwiak², Marta Pawłowska¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077020 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Melatonin, an endogenous indoleamine primarily synthesized in the pineal gland, has emerged as a promising adjunctive agent within integrative oncology due to its pleiotropic biological actions. Beyond its well-known chronobiological functions, melatonin exerts potent redox-regulatory, anti-inflammatory, oncostatic, and immune-modulating effects that are relevant across multiple stages of carcinogenesis and cancer therapy. Oxidative stress (OS), defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generation and antioxidant defenses, plays a central role in DNA damage, protein adduct formation, and lipid peroxidation, ultimately contributing to mutation accumulation, treatment resistance, and tumor progression. Melatonin modulates these… More >

Qiguo Wang¹, Qin Wang², Wen Ye³, Qin Feng³, Ting Wang^3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.075633 - 21 April 2026

Abstract Objectives: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common primary glomerulonephritis with limited treatment options. Gallic acid (GA) has demonstrated renal protective effects, but its precise mechanisms against IgAN remain incompletely elucidated. This study aims to reveal the molecular mechanism by which GA exerts a renal protective effect on IgAN. Methods: Transcriptomics and network pharmacology were combined in an integrative manner. The GSE175759 dataset’s differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered out. SwissTargetPrediction and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) were used to forecast GA’s goals. Core targets and pathways were obtained by functional… More >

Yiwei Hao^1,#, Yaodong Ping^2,#, Yan Yang³, Cheng Qu³, Yuan Chen¹, Xueyan Jiang¹, Rong Fu¹, Hailong Zhao^4,*, Lei Yu^4,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.074863 - 21 April 2026

Abstract Myocardial ischemia, a core pathological process underlying diverse cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, poses a severe threat to global human health by frequently leading to acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and even sudden cardiac death. A comprehensive understanding of its intricate underlying pathogenic mechanisms is not only crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies but also essential for accelerating the translation of basic research findings into clinical practice. However, the complex regulatory networks that drive myocardial ischemia remain to be systematically clarified. These networks encompass the intricate interactions among multiple pathological processes, including energy… More >

Tetiana O. Yastreb¹, Pavel Vítámvás², Ilja T. Prášil², Zdeněk Cit², Ivan V. Shakhov¹, Yuriy E. Kolupaev^1,3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.079882 - 31 March 2026

Abstract Low temperature is a major abiotic stress factor inducing the accumulation of dehydrins in plants. Dehydrins are hydrophilic, heat-stable proteins implicated in plant stress responses; however, their synthesis under cold conditions during the early stages of wheat development has not been sufficiently studied. This study investigated the relationship between cold-induced dehydrin accumulation in etiolated seedlings and frost tolerance in wheat cultivars differing in their level of frost tolerance. Three-day-old seedlings of high frost-tolerant (high-FT) cultivars (Antonivka, Doskonala, and Nordika) and low frost-tolerant (low-FT) cultivars (Tobak, Tonnage, and Altigo) of Triticum aestivum L. were hardened at +3°C… More > Graphic Abstract

Congwei You^1,#, Anwen Yin^2,#, Jia Xia³, Le Zhang^4,*, Xiaolei Wang^1,*, Yutong Hou^4,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.072971 - 23 March 2026

Abstract Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have shown a marked global increase in prevalence, placing a substantial burden on public health and healthcare systems worldwide. Epidemiological data demonstrate a significant overlap between these two conditions, with further evidence from research identifying common pathophysiological features, such as lipid metabolism dysregulation, disrupted energy balance, and chronic systemic inflammation. Mitochondria are central to the pathophysiology of both diseases. In addition to their role in energy production, mitochondria are involved in numerous critical cellular processes, including biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, signal transduction, and More >