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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modeling Drug Concentration in Blood through Caputo-Fabrizio and Caputo Fractional Derivatives

    Muath Awadalla1,*, Kinda Abuasbeh1, Yves Yannick Yameni Noupoue2, Mohammed S. Abdo3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.135, No.3, pp. 2767-2785, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.024036

    Abstract This study focuses on the dynamics of drug concentration in the blood. In general, the concentration level of a drug in the blood is evaluated by the mean of an ordinary and first-order differential equation. More precisely, it is solved through an initial value problem. We proposed a new modeling technique for studying drug concentration in blood dynamics. This technique is based on two fractional derivatives, namely, Caputo and Caputo-Fabrizio derivatives. We first provided comprehensive and detailed proof of the existence of at least one solution to the problem; we later proved the uniqueness of the existing solution. The proof… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulations of One-Directional Fractional Pharmacokinetics Model

    Nursyazwani Mohamad Noor1, Siti Ainor Mohd Yatim1,*, Nur Intan Raihana Ruhaiyem2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.3, pp. 4923-4934, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.030414

    Abstract In this paper, we present a three-compartment of pharmacokinetics model with irreversible rate constants. The compartment consists of arterial blood, tissues and venous blood. Fick’s principle and the law of mass action were used to develop the model based on the diffusion process. The model is modified into a fractional pharmacokinetics model with the sense of Caputo derivative. The existence and uniqueness of the model are investigated and the positivity of the model is established. The behaviour of the model is investigated by implementing numerical algorithms for the numerical solution of the system of fractional differential equations. MATLAB software is… More >

  • Open Access

    VIEWPOINT

    Therapeutic mechanisms and routes of delivery of mesenchymal stem cells in veterinary medicine: A point of view

    AMANDA BARACHO TRINDADE HILL1,2,*, JONATHAN EDWIN BARACHO TRINDADE HILL2

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1173-1176, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018637

    Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an important tool in veterinary regenerative medicine due to their ability to home to injury sites and secrete molecules that regulate niches into regenerative microenvironments. Successful cell therapy depends on many factors, including choice of administration route and application of understanding of cell potency and their therapeutic mechanisms. In this point of view, the authors leverage the tumultuous history of the field to demonstrate the need for clinicians to continually update themselves as new discoveries are made in order to avoid misalignments in the future, especially regarding administration routes and dose frequency, as well as… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Mechanism Based Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Vildagliptin as an Add-on to Metformin for Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

    Marziyeh Eftekhari1, Omid Vahidi1,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 153-171, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.153

    Abstract Various drugs are used to maintain normoglycemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The combination of the drugs from different classes in one single tablet may enhance the effectiveness of the anti-diabetic drugs. To investigate the impact of combining drugs on the glucose regulation of subjects with type 2 diabetes, we propose a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) mathematical modeling approach for a combination of metformin and vildagliptin drugs. In the proposed modeling approach, two separate PK models representing oral administration of metformin and vildagliptin for diabetic subjects are interconnected to a PD model comprising a detailed compartmental physiological model representing the… More >

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