Abdulbari Bener^1,2,*, Ünsal Veli Üstündağ³, Emir Barışık⁴, Cem Cahit Barışık⁵

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 401-409, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067184 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Objectives: The evidence remains insufficient and controversial for evaluating modifiable parameters—such as vitamin D, calcium, ferritin, and uric acid—as preclinical biomarkers to contribute to the prevention and early diagnosis of prostate cancer, a disease with a prevalence of up to 10%–20% in men over 50 and strongly associated with environmental factors including diet (high in fat and red meat), obesity, physical inactivity, and carcinogen exposure. This study aims to investigate the potential biomarker role of vitamin D, calcium, ferritin, and uric acids in reducing the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The case-control design was… More >

Noam Bar-Yaakov^1,2, Ziv Savin^1,2, Ibrahim Fahoum^2,3, Sophie Barnes^2,4, Yuval Bar-Yosef^1,2, Ofer Yossepowitch^1,2, Gal Keren-Paz^1,2, Roy Mano^1,2

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 11793-11801, 2024

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer screening with PSA is associated with low specificity; furthermore, little is known about the optimal timing of biopsy. We aimed to evaluate whether a risk classification system combining PSA density (PSAD) and mpMRI can predict clinically significant cancer and determine biopsy timing.
Materials and methods: We reviewed the medical records of 256 men with a PI-RADS ≥ 3 lesion on mpMRI who underwent transperineal targeted and systematic biopsies of the prostate between 2017-2019. Patients were stratified into three risk groups based on PSAD and mpMRI findings.
The study endpoint was clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPC).… More >

Alon Lazarovich¹, Thenappan Chandrasekar², Alina Basnet³, Gennady Bratslavsky⁴, Hanan Goldberg⁴

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 11551-11557, 2023

Abstract Introduction: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing remains a controversial issue. However, most urological guidelines recommend PSA testing in men aged 55-69 through a shared decision-making process with the patient. The impact of prior cancer diagnosis on PSA testing is not well-known. To compare PSA testing in men aged 55-69 years with and without a history of cancer (excluding prostate cancer patients).
Materials and methods: Utilizing the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a retrospective cross-sectional study during the year 2018 was carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was implemented to demonstrate potential associations with PSA testing and assess the… More >

Judd W. Moul¹, Grannum R. Sant²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.29, No.4, pp. 11224-11230, 2022

Abstract Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening remains the mainstay for early detection of prostate cancer. Although PSA is a nonspecific prostate cancer biomarker, its specificity for high grade prostate cancer can be enhanced by pre-biopsy liquid biomarkers including the Exosome Dx Prostate IntelliScore (EPI) test.
EPI is a stand-alone urine genomic test that measures 3 exosome-derived gene expression signatures without the need for digital rectal examination (DRE) or inclusion of standard of care parameters in the test algorithm. EPI has broad clinical utility as a risk stratification tool for clinically significant high grade prostate cancer in men More >

Hui Yao¹, Liqun Wang³, Jia Guo¹, Weimin Liu⁴, Jingjing Li¹, Yingxiao Wang², Linhong Deng^1,*, Mingxing Ouyang^1,2,3,*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.17, No.3, pp. 101-111, 2020, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2020.09595 - 01 July 2020

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men beyond 50 years old, and ranked the second in mortality. The level of Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in serum has been a routine biomarker for clinical assessment of the cancer development, which is detected mostly by antibody-based immunoassays. The proteolytic activity of PSA also has important functions. Here a genetically encoded biosensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology was developed to measure PSA activity. In vitro assay showed that the biosensor containing a substrate peptide ‘RLSSYYSGAG’ had 400% FRET change in response to 1 µg/ml… More >

Thomas Burrows, A. Andrew Ray, Cory Hartsburg

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.24, No.2, pp. 8734-8739, 2017

Abstract Introduction: The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening test is controversial and can result in both over-diagnosis and over-treatment. Recently, the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC) has recommended against routine screening for prostate cancer. We sought to determine how the CTFPHC has impacted the practice patterns among family physicians in the North Simcoe Muskoka (NSM) Local Health Integration Network (LHIN).
Materials and methods: We surveyed all 439 family physicians within the NSM LHIN as well as 21 residents of the Family Medical Teaching Unit. Surveys were distributed by either mail or fax. Questions covered three sections:… More >

Susanna Cattarino¹, Thomas Seisen^1,2, Sarah J. Drouin¹, Raphaële Renard-Penna¹, Priscilla Leon^1,2, Eva Comperat³, Pierre Mozer¹, Olivier Cussenot^1,2, Morgan Rouprêt^1,2

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 7703-7708, 2015

Abstract Introduction: To assess the impact of statin use on biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy (RP).
Materials and methods: Data from all men treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic RP (RALRP) for localized prostate cancer between 2009 and 2014 at our institution were prospectively collected: age, body mass index (BMI), statin-use status, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical T stage, biopsy Gleason score (bGS), D'Amico risk group, pathological T stage, specimen Gleason score (sGS), multifocality, perineural invasion, positive surgical margins and time to BCR. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to test associations between statin… More >

Ashok Verma¹, Jennifer St. Onge², Kam Dhillon³, Anita Chorneyko³

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, No.3, pp. 7312-7321, 2014

Abstract Introduction: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the digital rectal exam (DRE) have moderate sensitivity but low specificity for cancer diagnosis, potentially causing unnecessary treatment complications with prostate biopsy. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to evaluate prostate size and calculate PSA density can improve the specificity of PSA in predicting cancer. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of different pre-biopsy tests to detect prostate cancer.
Materials and methods: Pre-biopsy data were collected from 521 men referred for biopsy from January–December 2011 and cancer aggressiveness data from 96 men who had radical prostatectomy. Model predictors included total PSA, DRE, the ratio of… More >

Tomislav P. Pejcic¹, Cane Dz. Tulic^1,2, Natasa V. Lalic³, Biljana D. Glisic³, Svetlana D. Ignjatovic^3,4, Biljana B. Markovic^2,5, Jovan B. Hadzi-Djokic⁶

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 6707-6713, 2013

Abstract Introduction: Urinary prostate-specific antigen (uPSA) can be used as an additional parameter of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression.
Materials and methods: From January 2001 to December 2011, uPSA was determined in 265 patients with benign prostate. Based on total prostate volume (TPV), the patients with benign prostate were divided into two groups: TPV < 31 mL and TPV ≥ 31 mL. Additionally, three groups were formed according to MTOPS study criteria: non-progressive BPH group (TPV < 31 mL, PSA < 1.6 ng/mL, age < 62 yrs), intermediate group (one or two parameters {TPV, PSA, age} increased), and… More >

Sabeer Rehsia, Bobby Shayegan

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.19, Suppl.5, pp. 28-35, 2012

Abstract Prostate cancer remains a common cancer diagnosis and cause of cancer-related death in men. Despite it’s high prevalence, screening for prostate cancer for early detection remains controversial. This article outlines evidence from contemporary prostate cancer screening clinical trials and presents an overview of therapeutic options across the spectrum of prostate-cancer states. More >